Born about in England
Ancestors 
Son of Richard (Clare) de Clare
and Maud (Lacy) de Clare
Brother of
Isabella (Clare) de Montferrat, Gilbert (Clare) de Clare, Boges (Clare) de Clare, Margaret (Clare) de Clare and Rose (Clare) de Mowbray
Husband of
Juliana (FitzMaurice) Avenel
— married
before 18 Feb 1275 in Ireland [uncertain]
Descendants [uncertain] 
Father of
Maud (Clare) de Welle, Gilbert (Clare) de Clare, Richard (Clare) de Clare, Richard (Clare) de Clare and Margaret (Clare) de Badlesmere
Died
at about age 42
in Ireland [uncertain]
[uncertain]
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Liz Shifflett 
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| Created 14 May 2014
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| Magna Carta Surety Baron Descendant (see text). Join: Magna Carta Project Discuss: magna_carta |
Contents |
Biography
Thomas de Clare, Knt., was the second son of Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hereford, and Maud de Lacy.[1][2] His date and place of birth are unknown; his birth date is estimated to be about 1245.[3]
Lands: Thomond in Connaught, Castle and manor of Bunratty, co. Clare and Knockainy and Mahoonagh, co. Limerick, etc., in Ireland; Havering atte Bower, Essex; Plashes, Hertfordshire, and, in right of his wife, of Corkemoyt, co. Limerick.[1]
Titles: Knight, Lord of Thomond in Connaught,[4] and, in right of his wife, Constable of Colchester Castle, Steward of the Forest of Essex, King's Lieutenant in Gascony, Governor of London, Warden of the Forest of Dean, Constable of St. Briavels Castle.[1][2]
Timeline
- 1257-1259: Studied at Oxford.[1][2]
- 14 May 1264: Thomas, with his brother Gilbert, was knighted by Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, before the Battle of Lewes - they fought against King Henry III.[1][2] NOTE: Thomas and Gilbert stopped supporting the baronal cause soon after being knighted.[1]
- May 1265: Aided in Prince Edward's escape from Simon de Montfort at Herford.[1]
- 4 August 1265: Fought for the king in the Battle of Evesham.[1]
- 1267: Took the cross at St. Paul's London.[1]
- 1270: Acquired the manor of Aldworth, Berkshire from Nicholas de Sifewast.[1]
- 1271: Went on crusade with Prince Edward, returning in 1272.[1]
- 1274-1275: Party to a land dispute with William Trenet regarding a tenement in Hampstead-Cyfrewast, Berkshire (assize of novel disseisin).[1]
- end of 1274: Came to Ireland.[1]
- 1275: Acknowledged witnessing a deed in London.[1]
- 26 January 1276: The king granted all of the land of Thomond to Thomas de Clare.[1]
- 1276: Exchanged lands with Robert de Muscegros, Knt. - Thomas' manors in Berkshire and Oxfordshire for Robert's Bunratty Castle, Tradery cantred and Ui-Corbmaig in County Clare, Ireland.[1]
- 1278-1279: Thomas and Robert de Muscegros were in a Berkshire land dispute with John Bochenel (assize of novel disseisin).[1]
- 1280: Built Quin Castle and tried to negotiate peace among the Irish chieftains.[1]
- unknown date: Granted many of his lands in Ireland to Thomas Fitz Maurice.[1]
- September 1286: He and Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, made a pact with the Brus party in Scotland.[1]
Coat of arms
Thomas de Clare: Or, three chevrons gules, a label azure.
|
| Or, three chevrons gules, a label azure. |
- The arms of the Clare family are among the earliest known with Thomas de Clare's grandfather Gilbert de Clare (MP1 46) and his father Richard de Clare (MP1 76; MP2 4; B5) found among the Matthew Paris shields and in Glover's Roll.[5] Thomas's own arms are given in Walford's Roll with his father's arms of Or, three chevrons gules but differenced with a three point label.[6] His older brother Gilbert bore the family arms undifferenced, while the younger brother (this Thomas) bore the arms with a label. Thomas de Clare's arms are also found in Herald's Roll HE91, Camden Roll D39, St. George's Roll E37, Charles' Roll F71, and Collin's Roll Q25.[7] This is different than the usual heraldic tradition where the three point label was usually the mark of the oldest son during the lifetime of his father. This use of the label is seen elsewhere in the Clare family, as Thomas' uncle William de Clare also bore the family arms with a three point label.[8] Thomas son and heir Gilbert de Clare also bore the arms with a label after his father's death, so the label in this time period likely was meant to represent a cadet branch of the Clare family rather than a mark of the oldest son.[9] It should be noted that the seal of Thomas de Clare dated to 1269 has a label of 4 points.
Marriage and Children
- Thomas married before 18 February 1275 Juliane Fitz Maurice,[4] daughter and co-heiress of Maurice Fitz Maurice Fitz Gerald, Knt., 4th Baron of Offaly, Justiciar of Ireland, by his first wife, Maud de Prendergast.[1][2] Thomas and Juliane had three sons and two daughters.[2]
- Gilbert, Knt., baptized at Limerick Cathedral on 3 February 1280/1, married Isabel Despencer and had no issue. Gilbert died shortly before 17 November 1307.[1] Lord of Thomond.[4]
- Richard, Knt., Lord Clare,[10] married Joan Fitz Thomas and had one son. Richard died 7 June 1318.[1] Lord of Thomond.[4]
- Richard, (second of name), king's clerk, was born about 1286. Master Richard died before 4 April 1338.[1] MedLands says he was illegitimate son of Richard.[4]
- Margaret, born about 1287, married first to Gilbert de Umfreville (no issue), married second to Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere,[4] and they had five children. Margaret, Lady Badlesmere, died between 22 October 1333 and 3 January 1333/4.[1]
- Maud, married first to Robert de Clifford, 1st Lord Clifford[11] and second to Sir Robert de Welle (or Welles),[1] she was aka Matilda.[4]
Death
- His widow, Juliane, married after 11 December 1291 and before 16 February 1292, as his second wife, Adam de Creeting (or Cretinge, Cretinges). Adam died in the king's service shortly before 8 November 1295 and Juliane remarried to Nicholas Avenel before 1297. Juliane died shortly before 24 September 1300.[1]
Sources
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011), vol. I, pages 86-90, BADLESMERE 4.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013), vol. I, page 216, BADLESMERE 8.
- ↑ Lewis, Marlyn. Sir Thomas de Clare, entry in "Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors and Cousins" database (accessed 31 Dec 2019).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Charles Cawley. Thomas de Clare, entry in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 18 Dec 2019).
- ↑ Wagner. Rolls of Arms of Henry III. (1967): pages 9, 29, 37.
- ↑ Wagner. Rolls of Arms of Henry III. (1967): page 183, Walford's Roll C73.
- ↑ Brault. Rolls of Arms of Edward I (1272-1307), volume 2. (1997): pages 106.
- ↑ Wagner. Rolls of Arms of Henry III. (1967): page 130, Glover's Roll B81.
- ↑ Brault. Rolls of Arms of Edward I (1272-1307), vol. 2. (1997): pages 106, Guillim's Roll J91 and Smallpece's Roll SP145.
- ↑ Cokayne, George Edward ed. Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, vol. 3: Canonteign to Cutts, 2nd edition. (London: St. Catherine Press, 1910). Online at Archive.org, vol. 3, pages 246-247: CLARE.
- ↑ Stephen, Leslie, ed. Dictionary of National Biography. (New York: MacMillen, 1887), online at Archive.org, vol. XI, page 72.
- Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011). See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
- Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013). See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.
- See also:
- Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2013), vol. II, pages192-194, CLARE 7.ii.
- Richardson, Douglas. Plantagenet Ancestry, 2nd edition, 3 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2011), vol. III, page 585.
- Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents preserved in the Public Record Office. (London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1906) Vol. 2: Edward I, pages 429-433: #696 Thomas de Clare.
- Wikipedia: Thomas de Clare
- Beth Hartland, "English Lords in Late Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Century Ireland: Roger Bigod and the de Clare lords of Thomond," English Historical Review, Vol. CXXII, No. 496 (2007), pp.318-348:
- Wagner, Sir Anthony ed. Aspilogia II: Rolls of Arms of Henry III. (London: Society of Antiquaries, 1967).
- Brault, Gerald J. ed. Aspilogia III: Rolls of Arms of Edward I (1272-1307), volume 2. (London: Society of the Antiquities of London, 1997).
Acknowledgements
Click the Changes tab to see edits to this profile. Thank you to everyone who contributed to this profile.
Magna Carta Project
- This profile was re-reviewed and approved for the Magna Carta Project 18 Dec 2019 by Thiessen-117.
- Thomas (Clare) de Clare is a descendant of Magna Carta Surety Barons Gilbert de Clare, Richard de Clare, John de Lacy, and Saher de Quincy. He is in multiple trails badged by the Magna Carta Project to the following Gateway Ancestors:
- Charles Barnes: badged Jan 2023. See the trail HERE
- Marmaduke Beckwith: badged 2015, see trails HERE. Also see Jennings, below.
- Bernard Gateways (Richard and William): badged in 2015. The trail is outlined HERE.
- Mary Bourchier: badged 2019. See trail HERE.
- Nathaniel Burrough: badged in 2015. See the trail HERE.
- Kenelm Cheseldine: badged 14 Jan 2021. See Marbury trail below. Trails are set out HERE.
- William Clopton: badged 2020. See trail HERE.
- Saint Leger Codd: connected to existing trail badged in 2015. See the trails HERE.
- Henry Corbin (MCA I:533-535 CORBIN): badged trail was connected to this Gateway before 2018. The trails are set out HERE.
- Coytemore Gateways (Elizabeth and Thomas): badged in 2015. See the trail HERE.
- Anne Derehaugh: trail was badged in June 2016. See it HERE.
- Edward Digges: badged after Jun 2015. See the trail HERE.
- William Farrar: badged in 2015, the trail is set out HERE.
- John Fisher: badged in/about 2015 and re-reviewed in April 2020. See trail HERE.
- Warham Horsmanden: badged May 2020. See the trail HERE.
- Anne Humphrey: badged in 2015 and re-reviewed in June 2020. See the trail HERE (see also: West).
- Henry Isham: badged in 2015/16. The trail is set out HERE.
- Edmund Jennings: badged in May 2015. See the trail HERE.
- Kempe Gateways (Richard, Edward, Edmund and Matthew): badged in 2015 and re-reviewed in 2019, can be viewed HERE.
- Levis Gateways (Samuel, Hannah and Sarah): badged in February 2020. The trail can be seen HERE (see Need, below).
- Manwaring Gateways (Oliver and Mary): badged, re-reviewed in February 2024. See the trail HERE.
- Marbury Gateways (Anne and Katherine): badged 2014/re-reviewed 2020. See trail HERE.
- Nelson Gateways (John and Margaret): badged in 2015 and 2016 and needs re-review. See the trail HERE.
- Richard Palgrave: trails badged 19 March 2021. See them HERE.
- Robert Peyton, trails through both his mother and father: trails were badged in 2015 and can be seen HERE.
- William Skepper: badged 2016, needs re-review. See the trail HERE.
- Jemima Waldegrave: badged March 2016. See the trail HERE.
- Thomas (Clare) de Clare appears in the following unbadged trails (still need work) to the following Gateways:
- Blakiston Gateways (Nehemiah and George): needs development. See the trail HERE.
- Need Gateways (Mary and Joseph) (MCA II:221-223 NEED): Levis trail badged in February 2020. The trails can be seen HERE (see Levis). 3 profiles need development.
- See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail". See Base Camp for information about identified trails and their status.
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C > Clare | D > de Clare > Thomas (Clare) de Clare
Categories: Hiberno-Normans, Irish Nobility | Irish History, Kingdom of Thomond | Lacy-284 Descendants | Quincy-226 Descendants | Clare-651 Descendants | Clare-673 Descendants | Magna Carta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadency
If I have missed something, I would appreciate a correction from a kind WikiTreer with more knowledge about heraldry than I have.
edited by Marion Ceruti Ph.D.
If that is right, one explanation may be that, at this early date, cadency markings were more flexible, or less varied, than later: and the Wikipedia article on cadency implies that they did not come into systematic use until the 14th century. I also note that Wikipedia states that in England cadency schemes "are voluntary (and not always observed)".
I have found another source which says, relating to British heraldry, "The label does not appear to have been originally confined exclusively to the heir. It was at first the only method of differencing known, and it is not therefore to be wondered at that we find that it was frequently used by other cadets, who used it with no other meaning than to indicate that they were not the Head of the House." - Fox-Davies, ”A Complete Guide to Heraldry", 1909, chapter XXXI, https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Complete_Guide_to_Heraldry/Chapter_31. That would appear to support my suggestion that the explanation may well lie simply in the fact that Thomas lived before cadency markings became as differentiated and systematic as they usually were later. I believe Fox-Davies is recognised as having been a heraldry expert.
Others, far more expert in heraldry than I, can no doubt comment further.
edited by Michael Cayley
Cadency is something people love to talk about, but at no time in history was it ever completely accepted. Even once someone tried to establish the cadency rules it became apparent that it was unwieldy and useless in less than a generation (what is the mark of the 4th son of the 7th son?). Modern heralds completely reject their use or even importance in history. If you find an ancestor where a cadency mark was used it might be helpful, but the lack of such a mark means nothing.
[CPR HIII] 25 August 1264 Canterbury. Whereas a certain ordinance or provision of peace has lately been made in the march of Wales between Simon de Monte Forti, earl of Leicester, Thomas de Clare, John son of John, Peter de Monte Forti the elder, and other barons, of the one part, and Roger de Mortuo Mari, James de Aldithele and their co-marchers, of the other part, for the observance of which the said Roger has given his son William as a hostage to John son of John, and the said James has given his son Nicholas as hostage to the said Peter, subject to the king's acceptance of the provision; the king ratifies both the provision of peace and the delivery of the said hostages.
[CPR HIII] 16 July 1270 Westminster. Protection with clause volumus, for four years from Easter, for Thomas de Clare, a crusader, going with the king and Edward his son in aid of the Holy Land.
[CPR EI] 25 January 1276 Winchester. Grant to Thomas de Clare, in extension of the king's grant in fee tail to him, for his homage, of the whole land of Thomond that he have therein all liberties which the earl Marshal or others of Ireland ever had in their lands and lordships in Thomond. Mandate to Geoffrey de Gyenvill, justiciary of Ireland, to cause the first-mention grant to and read before him and to be observed in all particulars.
[CPR EI] 26 Janaury 1276 Winchester. Licence for Thomas de Clare to hold his land of Thomond in Ireland at a service of 5 knights' fees during his life, so that, after his death, his shall perform the service of ten knights' fees, for which the land was originally granted by the king to him in tail. Grant to him of the custody, during pleasure, of the castle of Coning in Ireland, late of Walter de Burgo, sometime earl of Ulster, in like manner as other keepers, with mandate to Geoffrey de Genville, the justiciary, to deliver it to him. Grant to him that after those of Glindory are in the king's peace of jurisdiction he may have the general summons of kiights' fees and other services due therein in the army for the pacification of his lands of Thomond. Grant to Thomas de Clare, in extension of the kings' grant in fee tail to him, for his homage, of the whole land of Thomond that he have therein all liberties which the earl Marshal or others of Ireland ever had in their lands and lordships in Thomond.
[CPR EI] 12 February 1276 Quenington. Mandate to Geoffrey de Geneville to deliver to Thomas de Clare the hostages or pledges handed over for the conservation of the peace in Thomond.
[CPR EI] 26 June 1276 Westminster. Mandate to Thomas de Clare to deliver to Robert de Offord, who has been appointed to the custody of the land of Ireland as justiciary thereof, the king's castle and county of Limerick in his custody.
[CPR EI] 26 July 1276 Licence for Thomas de Clare to enfeoff knights and others and their heirs and assigns of part of the land of Thomond in Ireland, granted by the king to him in tail general, at reasonable services, the homages and services of such feoffees, together with the remainder of the aforesaid lands in the hands of the said Thomas to revert to the crown in default of heirs of his body.
[CPR EI] 1 May 1277 Westminster. Letters for Thomas de Clare, staying in Ireland on the king's affairs, nominating Bartholomew le Peytevyn and Adam de Valle his attorneys until a year after Michaelmas.
[CPR EI] 5 May 1284 Carnarvon. Letters for Thomas de Clare and Juliana is wife, staying in England, nominating Simon de Walda and Henry Kente their attorneys in Ireland for three years.