Ann (Marbury) Hutchinson (1591 - 1643)

Born 20 Jul 1591 in Alford, Alford Parish, Lincolnshire, England

Ancestors

Wife of William Hutchinson — married 9 Aug 1612 in St Mary Woolnoth, City of London, England

Descendants

Died 20 Aug 1643 at age 52 in Annie's Hoeck, New Netherland

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Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson migrated to New England during the Puritan Great Migration (1621-1640). Join: Puritan Great Migration Project Discuss: pgm

Magna Carta Gateway Ancestor Descendant of Surety Barons John de Lacy, Robert de Vere, and possibly others (see text). Join: Magna Carta Project Discuss: magna_carta

Biography

Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson immigrated to New England between 1621 and 1640 and later departed for Pelham Bay, New Netherland

Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson is Notable.

Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson (1591–1643) was a Puritan woman, spiritual adviser, mother of 15, noted for her strong religious convictions, and for her stand against the staunch religious orthodoxy of 17th century Massachusetts. She was an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638. She was tried, convicted and banned from Boston, settled for awhile in Rhode Island, then removed to what is now The Bronx, New York where she and many of her children (excepting Edward) were massacred by American Indians in 1643 (the massacre was carried out at Annie's Hoeck, in present-day Rodman's Neck (a.k.a. Pelham Neck), Pelham Bay Park, The Bronx, New York City, New York).^[1][2][3]

Birth and Parents

Anne Marbury, daughter of Francis Marbury and Bridget Dryden, was baptized 20 July 1591 in Alford, Lincolnshire, England.^[4][5][6] Francis Marbury was an Anglican minister with strong Puritan leanings, who had been imprisoned for two years, and then later put under house arrest for his overt criticism of the Anglican hierarchy for not staffing churches with better trained ministers. Marbury was also a school teacher, and when under house arrest, he used his time to teach his children, and Anne grew up with a far better education than most girls, who generally had few educational opportunities in 16th century England.

Marriage and Life in England

Anne married on 9 August 1612^[6] at St. Mary Woolnoth, London, to William Hutchinson,^[5][7] Gent., son and heir of Edward Hutchinson by his wife Susanna.^[4] Anne and William Hutchinson eventually had seven sons and eight daughters (see below).^[4][5]

The couple moved back to Alford where they began a family and visited various churches in the area. Hearing of a dynamic young preacher named John Cotton in the market town of Boston, Lincolnshire, about 21 miles away, the couple went to hear him preach, and thereafter made the difficult trip by horseback at every opportunity. Enamored with Cotton's preaching, Anne Hutchinson was distraught when Cotton was compelled to emigrate following threats of imprisonment for his Puritan messages and practices.

Immigration and Life in New England

In 1634, after the birth of her 14th child, Hutchinson followed Cotton to New England with her husband and 11 living children. They traveled to New England aboard the ship "Griffin" and settled first at Boston, Massachusetts,^[4] where Anne joined the church on 2 November 1634.^[6]

Anne was a midwife, and very helpful to those needing her assistance, as well as being very forthcoming with her personal religious opinions and understandings. Soon she was hosting women at her house once a week, providing commentary on recent sermons, and sharing her religious views, including criticism of many local ministers. These meetings became so popular, that she soon began offering meetings to men as well, to include the young governor of the colony, Harry Vane, and up to 80 people a week were visiting her house to learn from her interpretations and views of religious matters. As a follower of Cotton, she espoused a "covenant of grace," while accusing all of the local ministers (except for Cotton and her husband's brother-in-law, John Wheelwright) of preaching a "covenant of works."

In other words, Hutchinson promoted strict Calvinist orthodoxy, where all humans are damned to Hell unless God arbitrarily intervenes to offer salvation. The "mainstream" ministers of Puritan Massachusetts sought to relax this fundamentalist Calvinist doctrine, opening the door to the possibility of human effort at self-improvement, hopefully preparing to receive the gift of salvation.

Controversy and Removal to Rhode Island

Hutchinson's popularity and charisma created a schism in the Boston church which threatened to destroy the Puritan's holy experiment in New England. She challenged the authority of the ministers, exposing the subordination of women in the culture of colonial Massachusetts. Several ministers complained about Hutchinson to John Winthrop, who served several terms as governor of the colony, and eventually the situation erupted into what is known as the Antinomian Controversy, resulting in Hutchinson's 1637 trial, conviction, and banishment from the colony.

With encouragement from Providence founder Roger Williams, Hutchinson and many of her supporters established the settlement of Portsmouth in what became the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

Widow Phillip[a] Hammond, who'd been admitted to the Boston church in late 1630, was excommunicated in 1639 (at which time she was married to Robert Harding) for openly criticizing the church and court for their treatment of Anne Hutchinson. She may have been one of those who followed Anne to Rhode Island as there is no further record of her in Boston.^[8]

Removal to New Netherland

After Anne's husband's death in or after June of 1641,^[4] threats of Massachusetts taking over Rhode Island compelled her to move totally outside the reach of Boston, into Dutch New Netherland. She settled with her younger children near an ancient landmark called Split Rock in what later became The Bronx in New York City.

Massacre

Anne was killed by Indians in late summer 1643, in Annie's Hoeck, an area that is now known as Rodman's Neck (a.k.a. Pelham Neck), Pelham Bay Park, The Bronx, New York City, New York.^{[4][5][6][9][10][11]} Following inhumane treatment by the Dutch, the natives went on a series of rampages known as Kieft's War, and all but one of the 16 members of Anne Hutchinson's household were massacred during an attack. The lone survivor, nine-year old Susanna Hutchinson, was taken captive, and held for several years before being returned to family members in Boston. (Note that many of Anne's children were already grown and no longer were living in her home by this time; seven of her children lived to maturity).

Children

Anne and William Hutchinson had seven sons and eight daughters, all being baptized at Alford, Lincolnshire except for their last son:

1. Capt. Edward,^[4] bap. 28 May 1613, married 1st 19 Oct 1636 Katherine Hamby, married 2nd by 1651 to Abigail (Fermayes) Button;^[5] arrived in Boston in 1633 with his uncle, Edward Hutchinson^[6]
2. Susanna,^[4] bap. 4 Sep 1614, buried 8 Sep 1630^[5]
3. Richard,^[4] bap. 8 Dec 1615, admitted to Boston church 9 Nov 1634^[5]
4. Faith, bap. 14 Aug 1617^[5] wife of Thomas Savage^[4] by 1638^[5]
5. Bridget, bap. 15 Jan 1618/9,^[5] wife of Gov. John Sanford and William Phillips,^[4] married first by 1637 and second by 1656^[5]
6. Francis,^[4] bap. 24 Dec 1620, admitted to Boston church 9 Nov 1634, killed with mother in 1643^[5]
7. Elizabeth,^[4] bap. 17 Feb 1621/2, buried 4 Oct 1630^[5]
8. William,^[4] bap. 22 Jun 1623, died soon after^[5]
9. Samuel,^[4] bap. 17 Dec 1624, married _____, had at least one child, Richard, who was named in the will of Edward Hutchinson^[5]
10. Anne, bap. 5 May 1626,^[5] wife of William Collins,^[4] married by 1641, she and her husband were killed with her mother in 1643^[5]
11. Mary,^[4] bap. 22 Feb 1627/8, killed with mother in 1643^[5]
12. Katherine,^[4] bap. 7 Feb 1629/30, killed with mother in 1643^[5]
13. William (again),^[4] bap. 28 Sep 1631, killed with mother in 1643^[5]
14. Susanna (again), bap. 15 Nov 1633,^[5] wife of John Cole,^[4] married 30 Dec 1651^[5]
15. Zuriel,^[4] bap. 13 Mar 1635/6 in Boston, killed with mother in 1643^[5]
16. stillborn, born June 1638^[12]

Anne's Legacy

Anne Hutchinson was a key figure in the study of the development of religious freedom in England's American colonies. Her implicit rejection of state authority to prescribe specific religious rites and interpretations, was later enshrined in the American Constitution.

She is honored by Massachusetts with a State House monument calling her a "courageous exponent of civil liberty and religious toleration." Hutchinson River Parkway in New York City is named after her. Her well-publicized trials and the accusations against her make her the most famous, or infamous, English woman in colonial American history.^[13]

The Great Migration Newsletter, Vol 18, January-March 2009, No. 1, lead article is on Annie Hutchinson and John Wheelwright with a note on Thomas Marshal.^[14]

Research Notes

Newly Published Trails

The American Genealogist 91.3, published spring 2021, gives us a new line from Elder WIlliam Wentworth and his cousin Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson through Sir Thomas Hawley to King Henry I and to Magna Carta surety baron Richard de Clare.^[15] ~ Thiessen-117 20:12, 13 April 2021 (UTC)

Blog

I would like to share a great blog post that I read about Anne written by Eve LaPlante, Author of American Jezebel. It makes a persuasive argument for Anne's standing as a "Founding Mother" of our country. I can not disagree. Founding Mothers? Ah, to make equality retroactive! This has been an enlightening journey, indeed! Robin Craig

Anne in Literature

Anne has been mentioned in the following:

1. LaPlante, Eve, American Jezebel: The Uncommon Life of Anne Hutchinson, the Woman Who Defied the Puritans, American Jezebel, published 2004 by Harper Collins.
2. From "Anne Hutchinson Day". The Herald News. 20 July 2011, "Founders Brook Park". Newport Bristol Heritage Passage. The memorial was a grass roots effort by a local Newport organization, called the Friends of Anne Hutchinson, which meets annually at the memorial in Portsmouth, on the Sunday nearest to 20 July, the date of Anne's baptism, to celebrate her life and the local colonial history of the women of Aquidneck Island.
3. From Bryant, William Cullen, and Sydney Howard Gay,  A Popular History of the United States: From the First Discovery of the Western Hemisphere by the Northmen, to the End of the First Century of the Union of the States ; Preceded by a Sketch of the Prehistoric Period and the Age of the Mound Builders. (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1876). Online at HathiTrust, volume I, page 457

Famous Descendant

Anne is the ancestor of noted actor Ted Danson (III).^[16]

Location of Death

Re: Contemporaneous and Present Names of the Location of Anne’s Death

The location name of the Hutchinson Massacre, as it was known in Anne Hutchinson’s time:

The infamous massacre of the Hutchinson family occurred in 1643. At that time many of the geographic names that we are familiar with today (e.g. Pelham, Westchester, The Bronx) did not exist. The changing boundaries of New York City, its boroughs and neighboring counties gets complicated. So, for the record:

Pelham didn’t exist as a geographic name in this area until 1654, over ten years after the massacre. On 27 June 1654 Thomas Pell, the namesake of Pelham Manor, Pelham Bay and the town of Pelham, was granted an Indian deed for over 9000 acres, for what would become Pelham Manor.^[10]

Westchester didn’t exist as a geographic name until after Thomas Pell’s 27 June 1654 Indian deed for Pelham Manor. Afterwards, Pell sold some of the land to English settlers who named their settlement Westchester (a.k.a. West Chester, East Towne, or Oostdrop (Dutch)).^[17]

The Bronx didn’t exist as a municipality until 1898. That’s when the city of Greater New York was created which consisted of five boroughs, The Bronx being one of them. At that time (1895-1913), the borough of The Bronx was part of New York County, which also included the borough of Manhattan. Then, in 1914, Bronx County was created, which was coterminous with the borough of The Bronx. One final bit of municipal history, prior to 1874 all of what we today call The Bronx was part of Westchester County. But, in 1874 New York County annexed, from Westchester, what would eventually be, the western half of the Bronx and then 1895 New York County annexed the remainder of what would become The Bronx.^[18]

Several sources cite Anne’s/Annie’s Hoeck as the geographic name where Anne Hutchinson settled, which is contemporaneous with the Hutchinson Massacre.^[1][2][3]

The location name of the Hutchinson Massacre, as it is known today (2022):

Several sources cite, or infer, Rodman’s Neck (also previously known as Pelhams Neck), Pelham Bay Park, The Bronx, New York City, New York, as the current (2022) name of the area where the Hutchinson Massacre occurred. These sources include: New York City Department of Parks and Recreation^[9], Tribal Council of the Siwanoy Nation (the Native American tribe that murdered the Hutchinson family)^[10], and the National Park Service (note: This source places the Hutchinson Homestead, which is also the massacre location, in The Bronx, which is in agreement with the Rodman Neck location.)^[11]

Now, the profile of Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson had mentioned that the massacre occurred “in an area that is now known as Westchester County.” and cited Anderson’s The Great Migration^[5] (this citation is still in the bio as it cites the date). Since one doesn’t hastily change a fact cited in The Great Migration, I looked at the source that Anderson cited. Anderson cited Winthrop’s The History of New England 1630 to 1649 (Savage, ed., 1853) ^[2], which didn’t mention Westechester, though Savage cited Brodhead’s History of the State of New York (1853)^[19]. But, Brodhead doesn’t mention Westchester either.

So, it’s unclear where Anderson’s reference to Westchester came from. I suspect that since the description of the massacre/homestead location given in Brodhead’s 1853 sources references the town of “East Chester” (which in 1853 had a southern boundary of the Long Island Sound, in today’s Bronx County), could lead someone looking at today’s map of “Eastchester” (which now has a different southern boundary, not even reaching The Bronx’s northern boundary, much less the Long Island Sound) might conclude, incorrectly, that the massacre/homestead is located in today’s Westchester County. But, this contradicts more recent, reliable sources. So, the consensus amongst recent sources is that the Hutchinson Massacre occurred in present-day Rodman's Neck (a.k.a. Pelham Neck), Pelham Bay Park, The Bronx, New York City, New York.

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Scharf, Thomas, History of Westchester County, New York: including Morrisania, Kings Bridge, and West Farms, which have been annexed to New York City, Vol. 1 (Philadelphia, PA: L. E. Preston & Co., 1886), p 770, image 999 of 1173. https://archive.org/details/historyofwestche00scha/page/n998/mode/1up (accessed 29 June 2022).
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2} Winthrop, John, The history of New England from 1630 to 1649, vol. 2, ed. James Savage (Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Co., 1853), p. 164 (footnote 1), https://archive.org/details/historynewengla08savagoog/page/164/mode/1up (accessed 29 June 2022).
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1} Bryant, William Cullen, A popular history of the United States, from the first discovery of the western hemisphere by the Northmen, to the end of the civil war. Preceded by a sketch of the prehistoric period and the age of the mound builders, vol. 1 (New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s & Sons, 1883), https://archive.org/details/apopularhistory05gaygoog/page/457/mode/1up (accessed 29 June 2022).
4. ↑ ^{4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20} Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd edition (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011), Volume I, page 436, CHESELDINE 15.iii.a. See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
5. ↑ ^{5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23} Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634-1635. 6 vols. (Boston: NEHGS, 1996-2011) vol. 3 (2003), pages 479-481 or AmericanAncestors.org
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4} Michael P. Winship, "Hutchinson , Anne (bap. 1591, d. 1643)" in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, (Oxford University Press, 2004). Online at OxfordDNB.com, accessed 16 Oct 2017 with subscription.
7. ↑ "London, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1538-1812" for Anne Warbury, City of London, St Mary Woolnoth, records from 1538-1641. Image in parish register Ancestry.com.
8. ↑ Anderson, Robert Charles. Great Migration Begins, (Boston, MA: 1995), Vol. 2 G-O, page 850. Online with subscription at Ancestry.com or AmericanAncestors.org
9. ↑ ^{9.0 9.1} “Pelham Bay Park: Rodman’s Neck”, Official Website of the New York City Department of Parks & Recreation, https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/highlights/12115 (accessed 29 June 2022).
10. ↑ ^{10.0 10.1 10.2} “The Siwanoy Nation – A History”, Tribal Council of the Siwanoy Nation, https://www.siwanoynation.org/tribal-history (accessed 29 June 2022).
11. ↑ ^{11.0 11.1} “Ann Hutchinson’s Brief Residence Near St Paul’s Church”, National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/articles/anne-hutchinson-s-brief-residence-near-st-paul-s-church.htm (accessed 30 June 2022).
12. ↑ An Abridgement Of Mr. Baxter's History Of Young Sir Henry Vane, His Life And Times, by Richard Baxter, Edmund Calamy (editor) —1713, cited in Mary Dyer’s “monster” Christy K. Robinson , 2011
13. ↑ Wikipedia: Anne Hutchinson.
14. ↑ Great Migration Newsletter at AmericanAncestors.org with subscription.
15. ↑ Terry J. Booth, Paul C. Reed, and Nathaniel Lane Taylor. "Margaret De Brewse, first wife of Sir Thomas Hawley (d.1419-20) of Girsby, Lincolnshire: A New Royal Line for the Marbury -Wentworth Immigrant Cousins" in The American Genealogist. Vol. 91, no. 3, spring 2021. Not available online.
16. ↑ "Puritans and Pioneers." Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr. (Season 4, Episode 3). PBS. 17 Oct 2017.
17. ↑ Bell, Blake, “An Account of the Dutch Capture of Westchester in 1656”, Historic Pelham, 02 Jan 2009, http://historicpelham.blogspot.com/2009/01/account-of-dutch-capture-of-westchester.html (accessed 29 June 2022).
18. ↑ “The Bronx Through the Centuries”, The Bronx County Historical Society, http://bronxhistoricalsociety.org/about/bronx-history/bronx-history-timeline/ (accessed 29 June 2022).
19. ↑ Brodhead, John Romeyn, History of the State of New York, vol. 1 (first period 1609-1664) (New York, NY: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1853), p. 334, https://archive.org/details/historyofstateof01brod/page/334/mode/1up (accessed 30 June 2022).

• Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011). See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), volume II, page 147, CHESELDINE 20.iii.a. See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.

See also:

• Anne Hutchinson entry at History.com.
• Rootsweb: Anne Marbury Hutchinson.
• Wing, William A. Peleg Slocum of Dartmouth and his Wife Mary Holder online at Dartmouth Historical Sketches No. 3.
• Roberts, Gary Boyd, "Major Historical Figures Descended from Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson of Boston, Rhode Island, and New York," in NEXUS: New England Across the United States. Vol. XII, no. 6. (Boston, MA: NEHGS, Dec 1995). Online at AmericanAncestors.org[$], pages 210-216.
• Howard, R. H., and Crocker, Henry E., eds. A History of New England. Vol. I. (Boston, Crocker & co., 1881). Online at Google Books.
• Find A Grave: Memorial #7177401

Acknowledgements

See the Changes tab for details of edits to this profile. Thanks to everyone who contributed.

Magna Carta Project

This profile was reviewed and approved for the Magna Carta Project in December 2019 by Traci

Anne (Marbury) Hutchinson is listed in Magna Carta Ancestry as a Gateway Ancestor (vol. I, pages xxiii-xxix) in project-approved/badged trails (reviewed in 2014 by a Magna Carta project member) through surety barons Saher de Quincy, Robert de Vere, Richard de Clare, Gilbert de Clare, and John de Lacy. These trails were re-reviewed and updated in Aug/Sept 2020. Anne is also the Gateway Ancestor in a Richardson-documented trail to Magna Carta Surety Barons Roger le Bigod and Hugh le Bigod (vol. I:433-436, CHESELDINE) that was developed by Magna Carta Project member A Pendleton and badged 12 Jan 2021 by Thiessen-117. See the trails in the Magna Carta Trails section of her mother's profile.

See Base Camp for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".