Robert Stewart, son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert Bruce and Isabel Mar, was born on 2 March 1315/16[1][2][3] at Paisley, Renfrewshire.[4] On 3 December 1318, parliament entailed the succession to the crown on the male heirs of King Robert I, whom failing on his grandson Robert Stewart, the son of Marjorie de Brus.[5] As King Robert did not as yet have any sons, this act made Robert Stewart the heir presumptive.[6] Six years later (when Robert was eight), in 1324, the King's only son, David, was born and became first in line to succeed his father.[7][6] On 9 April 1326 Walter Stewart died, and his son Robert received the hereditary title of High Steward of Scotland.[2] By 1329 King Robert was dead, and the young King David (then five years old) was placed under the guardianship of Thomas Randolph, earl of Moray. Robert (by this time thirteen years of age), by virtue of being second in line to the throne, was likewise placed under Thomas Randolph's care although he also had two other guardians: Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer (his uncle) and William Lindsay, archdeacon of St Andrews.[8]
Robert Stewart, like his father before him, supported the Bruces and, at the age of only seventeen, on 13 July 1333 led the second division of the Scottish army at the Battle of Halidon Hill.[1][9] The result of this encounter was disastrous for the Scots. They found themselves greatly outnumbered by the English army and suffered thousands of casualties, among them Sir Archibald Douglas, who was in command of all the Scottish forces, and Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer, Robert's uncle and guardian.[8][1] The young King David had been spirited away to Chateau Gaillard in France for his own protection,[10][8] and Robert Stewart sought safety at Dumbarton Castle, which was still being held by the Bruces' ally Sir Malcolm Fleming.[8][9] With David safely in France until he reached his majority and/or could safely return to Scotland, Robert Stewart and John Randolph, third earl of Moray, were recognized as joint regents of the kingdom.[10] Robert began a successful military campaign to reclaim his ancestral lands from David Hastings, earl of Atholl, who had received them in a grant from Baliol following the battle of Halidon Hill.[9] By the time David returned in 1339, thanks primarily to Robert the Steward and Moray, most of Scotland was no longer under English control.[10]
Robert was a more popular figure at this time than (his young uncle) David, and was described as "beautiful beyond the sons of men, stalwart and tall, accessible to all, modest, liberal, cheerful, and honest."[7][9] When David was taken prisoner at the Battle of Neville's Cross on 17 October 1346, Robert Stewart again became the regent of Scotland and ruled for the next eleven years until King David was released.[11] After Neville's Cross, David privately questioned Robert's loyalty as he had withdrawn his forces from the battle when he sensed that all was lost, and was one of the few Scottish nobles to escape the battle alive.[7] It also did not escape King David's notice that his regent did not try very hard, and at times was actually obstructive, in negotiating the king's release.[8] David made two attempts to negotiate with the English to have his ransom payments negated in exchange for making Edward III his successor to the throne of Scotland (thereby removing Robert as the heir presumptive) but both times the Scottish parliament soundly rejected this idea.[8] Although Robert's popularity remained high, he was not assertive enough to be an effective regent and his tenure was not helped by the fact that Scotland was reeling at that time under the effects of the Black Death.[7]
Robert, High Steward of Scotland, succeeded to the throne 22 February 1370/1 on the death of his uncle, King David II.[12][13]
King of Scots
Robert II was crowned on 26 March 1370/71 by William de Laundelys, bishop of St Andrews, at Scone "in the presence of the prelates, earls, and barons, and of a great multitude of people.[14][15] He was fifty-five years old and in frail health, no longer the energetic and attractive man of his youth.[7] His eyes were now said to be "as red as scarlet cloth"[16] and earned him the nickname "Auld Blearie."[7] Many biographers have attributed this to his love of wine and women (he fathered at least twenty-three children) but some contemporary historians believe he may have suffered from a severe case of ophthalmia which may have eventually resulted in partial blindness.[16] This could well explain why Robert II became increasingly detached from his own government, prefering to spend his time in solitude. The early years of his reign were relatively peaceful. By 1385, when the long truce with England ended and war again broke out, the king was mostly absent.[9] When Vienne arrived from France with an army of 2000 men to aid Scotland against the English army, Robert was not even interested in meeting with him.[9] According to the chronicler Froissart, the French impression was that "he was not a valiant man in arms; it seemed he had rather lie still than ride."[9] Robert chose instead to retire to his home in the Highlands, and remained there thoughout the rest of the war.[9]
Because he remained a popular figure with the common people, no attempt was made to overturn his rule. But by 1389, parliament recognized that the king was, as a head of government, completely dysfunctional and his eldest son John, earl of Carrick, was named guardian of the kingdom and tasked with restoring order to Scotland.[17]
Marriage to Elizabeth Mure
When they were both no more than twenty years of age, Robert persuaded Elizabeth Mure to elope with him to his family home in Dundonald, which was about six miles from her home at Rowallan.[18] There were two impediments to their marriage which may have seemed like serious obstacles to the young couple: (1) they were related in the fourth degree of consanguinity and therefore marriage would require a papal dispensation; and (2) when Elizabeth was eleven years old her parents had contracted her in marriage to nine-year-old Hugh de Giffard, the son of Sir John de Giffard of Yester, Midlothian.[19] This contract would have to be nullified by both contracting parties and/or their parents.[19] Among the records of John Learmonth, chaplain to the archbishop of St Andrews, is a notation stating that "Robert, great steward of Scotland, having taken away the said Elizabeth, drew to Sir Adam her father ane instrument that he should take her to be his lawful wife, which myself have seen....as also ane instrument in Latin by Roger M'Adam, priest of our Lady Marie's Chapel, that the said Roger married Robert and Elizabeth foresaids."[19]
In 1344 they were finally able to get Elizabeth's childhood marriage contract dissolved, it was annulled on the joint petition of Huge Giffard and Elizabeth on the grounds that the marriage had never been consummated.[19] In 1347, Robert Stewart applied for a papal dispensation so there could be no question regarding the legality of their marriage, not necessarily to satisfy his father-in-law, but to ensure his own children's succession to the throne if David II died childless.[19] A special provision in the dispensation legitimized the "multitude prolis utriusque sexus" who had previously been born.[20] Not content, however, to leave anything to chance, on 27 March 1371 (the day after he was crowned at Scone) King Robert II had his eldest son John, earl of Carrick, declared by parliament to be heir to the throne of Scotland.[14]
Alexander Stewart, 1st earl of Buchan, lord of Badenoch; m. aft. 25 Jun 1382 Euphemia, countess of Ross;[30][31] d. bef. 25 Mar 1406[31][see research notes]
Elizabeth Mure died sometime before 1355, and was buried in the Church of the Blackfriars at Perth.[1]
Marriage to Ephemia Ross
Robert Stewart married, secondly, Euphemia de Ross, Countess of Moray, daughter of Hugh de Ross, 4th Earl of Ross and Margaret Graham, and the widow of John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray (who died in 1346), by a papal dispensation dated 2 May 1355.[45][1]
There were at least four children from this marriage:
David Stewart, 1st earl of Strathearn and Caithnes; b. aft. 1355;[46] m. bef. 5 Mar 1389/90 ________ Lindsay;[47][46] d. bef. 5 Mar 1389/90[46][48]
Robert II died 19 April 1390 at the age of seventy-four, choosing to spend the final years of his life in the family home at Dundonald where he had lived for so many years with Elizabeth Mure.[1][18][see research notes] He was buried in Scone Abbey, Perthshire.[1]
Research Notes
(Son) Alexander Stewart, lord of Badenoch:
Douglas Richardson gives the date of Alexander's death as "probably within the year ending 25 Marcy 1406."[31] The Exchequer Rolls (in volume 4) state that he died 24 July 1394[77] Sir James Balfour Paul concurs with Richardson,[78] citing in evidence an entry in the Exchequer Rolls dated 25 March 1406 where Alexander received reimbursement for monies he had expended.[79]
Disputed (natural) daughter, Mary Stewart:
Douglas Richardson lists an additional natural daughter of Robert II, Mary Stewart, who married John de Danielston, Knt. of Finlaystown, Danielston, and Kilmoloog, Renfrewshire, before 2 January 1376/7 and had three sons by him: Robert, William, and Walter.[80] He does not provide any sources to validate her existence, and in a discussion held on soc.genealogy.medieval it appears that Richardson's basis for assuming her existence is pure conjecture. This Mary Stewart is not mentioned by Sir James Balfour Paul, [58] Sir Archibald Dunbar,[81] Alison Weir,[82] or in the Exchequer Rolls.[83]The Scots Peerage does, however, document John de Danielston's wife as a daughter of Sir Malcolm Fleming, earl of Wigtown.[84] A genealogy of the Danielston family currently held in the National Library of Scotland also confirms that John de Danielston married Lady Mary, daughter of Malcolm, earl of Wigtown, from whom he received the lands of Kilmaronock.[85] There were said to be at least six children from this marriage: Sir Robert, William, Walter, Heu, Malcolm, and Janet.[85]
Death of Robert II:
The Annales of Scotland and historian Agnes Mure Mackenzie both give the date of Robert's death as 13 May 1390.[86][87]
Sources
↑ 1.01.11.21.31.41.51.6 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 615-617 BRUS 10. Robert Stewart.
↑ 2.02.1 Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 159
↑ Burnett, George (ed). Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. cliii.
↑ Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families. London: The Bodley Head (1989), p. 215.
↑Acts of Parliament of Scotland, 1124-1423,vol. 1, p.105.
↑ 6.06.1 Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. The Royal Stewarts. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons (1914), pp. 7-8.
↑ 7.07.17.27.37.47.5 Ashley, Mike. British Kings and Queens. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers (1998), pp.552-553.
↑ 8.08.18.28.38.48.5 Boardman, S.I. Robert II. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (23 Sep 2004), rev. 25 May 2006, available online by subscription or through some library services.
↑ 10.010.110.2 Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. The Royal Stewarts. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons (1914), pp. 9-10.
↑ Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. The Royal Stewarts. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons (1914), pp. 10-11.
↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 160
↑ Banks, T.C. Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England. London: J. White (1837), vol. 4, pp. 420-421.
↑ 14.014.1 Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 161
↑ Balfour, Sir James. The Annales of Scotland MCVII-MDCIII. Edinburgh: W. Aitchison (1824), pp. 124-125.
↑ 16.016.1 MacKenzie, Agnes Mure. The Rise of the Stewarts. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd Ltd. (1935), p. 67.
↑ Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. The Royal Stewarts. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons (1914), p. 16.
↑ 18.018.1 Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. The Royal Stewarts. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons (1914), p. 18
↑ 19.019.119.219.319.4 Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. The Royal Stewarts. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons (1914), pp. 19-20
↑ Burnett, George (ed). Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. cliv.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 17.
↑ Burnett, George (ed). Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface,p.clxx.
↑ Balfour, Sir James. The Annales of Scotland MCVII-MDCIII. Edinburgh: W. Aitchison (1824), pp. 143-144.
↑ 25.025.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 617-618 BRUS 10.ii. Walter Stewart.
↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 166.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clvi-clvii.
↑ 28.028.128.228.3 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 618-625 BRUS 10.iii. Robert Stewart.
↑ 29.029.129.229.3 Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clxxv-clxxxviii.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinbrough: D. Douglas (1910), vol. 7, p. 241.
↑ 31.031.131.2 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 625-629 BRUS 10.iv. Alexander Stewart.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 629-631 BRUS 10.v. Margaret Stewart.
↑ 33.033.133.2 Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxii.
↑ 34.034.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 631-633 BRUS 10.vi. Marjory Stewart.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 16.
↑ 36.036.136.2 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 633-634 BRUS 10.viii. Isabel Stewart.
↑ 37.037.1 Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxiii.
↑ 38.038.138.2 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 3, p. 157.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 6, pp. 36-37.
↑ 41.041.141.241.3 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 634-636 BRUS 10.ix. Jean Stewart.
↑ Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families. London: The Bodley Hear (1989), p. 222
↑ 43.043.1 Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxiv.
↑ 44.044.1 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1911), vol. 8, p. 381.
↑ 45.045.1 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 16.
↑ 46.046.146.2 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 636-637 BRUS 10.i. David Stewart.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D.Douglas (1906), vol. 3, p.14.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1911), vol. 8, pp 259-260.
↑ 49.049.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 638-640 BRUS 10.ii. Walter Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clix-clxi.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D.Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 438.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 640-641 BRUS 10.iii. Giles Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clxiv-clxv.
↑ 54.054.154.2 Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 169.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 641-642 BRUS 10.iv. Elizabeth Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxv.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 642 BRUS 10.i. Alexander Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxviii.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 642-643 BRUS 10.ii. John Stewart.
↑ 61.061.1 Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxix.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 643 BRUS 10.iii. James Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxvi.
↑ 64.064.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 643 BRUS 10.i. John Stewart.
↑ 66.066.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 643 BRUS 10.ii. John Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxvii.
↑ 68.068.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 643 BRUS 10.iii. James Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clxvi-clxvii.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 644 BRUS 10.iv. (Master) Thomas Stewart.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, p. 644 BRUS 10.v. Alexander Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxvii.
↑ 73.073.1 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 644-645 BRUS 10.v. Walter Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clxix-clxx.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 646-647 BRUS 10.viii. Katherine Stewart.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clxvi.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, p. clviii.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1905), vol. 2, p. 263.
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 3, p. 364.
↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed, Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author 2013), vol. 1, pp. 646-647 BRUS 10.vii. Mary Stewart.
↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), pp. 166-169.
↑ Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families. London: The Bodley Head (1989), p. 226
↑ Burnett, George. Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum (The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1880), vol. 4, appendix to preface, pp. clvi-clxx.
↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1911), vol. 8, pp. 522-523.
↑ 85.085.1 Dennistoun, James Wallis. Some Account of the Family of Dennistoun of Dennistoun. Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons (1906), p. 4.
↑ Balfour, Sir James. The Annales of Scotland MCVII-MDCIII. Edinburgh: W. Aitchison (1824), p. 133.
↑ MacKenzie, Agnes Mure. The Rise of the Stewarts. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd Ltd. (1935), p. 77.
See Also:
Birch, W. de G. Catalogue of Seals in the....British Museum. London: the Trustees (1895), vol. 4, pp. 14-15.
Boardman, S.I. Euphemia (née Euphemia Ross). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. (23 Sep 2004), available online by subscription or through some library services.
Kennedy, Matthew. A Chronological Genealogical and Historical Dissertation of the Royal Family of the Stuarts. Paris: Lewis Coignard Printer (1705), pp. 204-207.
Macdonald, William Rae. Scottish Armorial Seals. Edinburgh: W. Green (1904), pp. 321-322.
Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City: the author, 2011. See volume I, page 472; III:526-527, 533-534, 538. For more information about this reference, see WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author, 2013. See volume I, pages 609-610, 614. For more information about this reference, see WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.
a badged trail to the Barclay Gateways (Robert and John) (MCA I:94-101 BARCLAY): This trail was re-developed in 2021 by Michael Cayley and was badged by the Magna Carta Project on 22 June 2021. See the trail HERE.
See Base Camp for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".
Sponsored Search by Ancestry.com
DNA Connections
It may be possible to confirm family relationships.
Paternal line Y-chromosome DNA test-takers:
Basil Stewart :
AncestryDNA Paternal Lineage (discontinued) 47 markers, haplogroup R1b, Ancestry member BasilStewart, MitoYDNA ID A10718[compare]
I have completed an update of this profile. If anyone discovers additional material or sources which should be added, please feel free to contact either myself or the Scotland Project or post here.
If anyone can produce a reliable source indicating that Joan Isaac was ever married to Robert II, you are invited to do so. Otherwise, Joan is going to be detached from Robert II's profile. Thanks,
I am going to be updating this profile on behalf of the Scotland Project's Arbroath team. If anyone has additional information or sources they think should be included, please message me or post here. Thanks,
I'm an Alexander descendant. My understanding that all Alexanders are descendants of John, Lord of Ilses and Margaret Stewarts 5 child, Alexander. I haven't gotten anywhere near proving that, but is there a way to link this profile to mine without adding him to my tree?
Joan (Joanna, Jonet, Janet) Isaac was first the wife of Eoin MacDougall (John de Ergadia), Lord of Lorne, by whom she had two daughters. After Eoin's death, Joan remarried to Sir Malcom Fleming of Biggar.
What evidence is there that Joan was ever a mistress of Robert the Steward, Earl of Strathearn (later Robert II, King of Scotland) or that she bore Robert an illegitimate daughter named Katherine? Wouldn't it make more sense for a "Katherine Stewart of DALSWINTON" to be a daughter of Stewart of Dalswinton rather than Stewart of Strathearn?
Although they had four sons together, Robert and Mariota were never married. To avoid confusion, I think she should be mentioned and linked in the biography of Robert, and he in her biography, but not linked at husband and wife.
Just out of curiosity...is there a reason that Euphemia (Ross) Stewart has three different profiles...and that all three are connected to Robert II as if they are separate women? I don't want to muddy the water if this is in the midst of a clean-up project. If it isn't, does anyone mind if I start tidying it up?
Stewart-11824 and Stewart-1001 appear to represent the same person because: Same birth and death dates and locations, same wives. King Robert II of Scotland.
Stewart-12142 and Stewart-1001 appear to represent the same person because: same name and title, same parents, same time frame, some of the same wife, they should be merged
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What evidence is there that Joan was ever a mistress of Robert the Steward, Earl of Strathearn (later Robert II, King of Scotland) or that she bore Robert an illegitimate daughter named Katherine? Wouldn't it make more sense for a "Katherine Stewart of DALSWINTON" to be a daughter of Stewart of Dalswinton rather than Stewart of Strathearn?
edited by Jared Olar
edited by Jared Olar