Richard FitzAlan KG (abt. 1346 - 1397)

Born about 1346 in Sussex, England [uncertain]

Ancestors

Husband of Elizabeth (Bohun) de Arundel — married 17 Oct 1359 in England

Husband of Philippa (Mortimer) Poynings — married 15 Aug 1390 in England [uncertain]

Descendants

Died 21 Sep 1397 at about age 51 in Cheapside, London, England

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Biography

Richard Fitz Alan, K.G., 11th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, son and heir of Richard FitzAlan, 10th (or 3rd) Earl of Arundel and his second wife, Eleanor of Lancaster, was born in 1346.^[1][2][3]

Timeline and Titles

24 January 1376: On his father's death, Richard inherited his titles, lands and most of his wealth,^[3] becoming the 11th Earl of Arundel and 10 Earl of Surrey^[1] (some call him 4th Earl of Arundel and 9th Earl of Surrey).^[3] Richard's inheritance was unsuccessfully challenged by his half-brother, Edmund,^[3] who had been bastardized by their father's divorce from his first wife.

1377: Attended the coronation of Richard II, where he bore the crown,^[1] 16 July 1377.^[2] On that day, he served as a butler and was one of several earls who carried the young king on his shoulders.^[3] He soon after became a member of the Council of Regency.^[1][2]

1377-1378: Made Admiral of West^[1][3] and South.^[2]

1381: Richard was with the king at London during the great revolt and was given custody of the great seal for two days following the 14 June murder of the chancellor, Archbishop Sudbury.^[3] Joint Governor to King Richard II,^[1] appointed at the November Parliament with Michael de la Pole to remain in the royal household "to counsel and govern the king's person".^[3]

1384: Richard's first open breach with the king occurred when he attacked the royal government in the Parliament of 1384 and was told by Richard II to "go to the devil".^[3]

1385: Richard joined the royal campaign to Scotland, but he spent the remainder of his life in opposition to Richard II.^[3]

1386: Made Admiral of the West and North and Knight of the Garter (KG).^[1][2][4]

October 1386: Richard and his brother, Thomas, Bishop of Ely and their ally, the Duke of Gloucester, were appointed to the commission of government set up to reform the royal household's financial administration. They held power during the following twelve months.^[3]

1387: As Admiral and Lieutenant of the King on the Seas, he defeated a Franco-Spanish-Flemish fleet off Margate^[1] on 24 March 1387.^[2][3] Admiral of England 1387-1389.^[1][2][3]

Aug 1387: Richard and four others "appealed of treason five of the king's principal favorites" including Robert de Vere; Michael de la Pole; Alexander Neville, Archbishop of York; Robert Tresilian, Chief Justice; Nicholas Brembre, Mayor of London.^[3] The five Lords Appellant included: Richard; Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester; Thomas Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick; Henry, Earl of Derby, son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (later King Henry IV); and Thomas Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham.^[5]

1388: Active in the opposition of King Richard II as one of the Lords Appellant in the Parliament of 1388.^[1][2] When the Parliament opened on 3 February, they secured the conviction and execution of eight of the King's supporters, the exile of all the royal justices and the dismissal of about forty of the king's supporters from court.^[3]

1388: Appointed Governor of Brest,^[2] Lieutenant in Brittany, and Lieutenant and Captain-General of the Fleet at Sea.^[1]

3 May 1389: The king resumed power and replaced Richard as Admiral and Captain of Brest on 18 May.^[3]

1389: Privy Councillor^[1]

1394: Obtained a pardon^[1] for all political offenses^[2] on 30 April, but on 3 August he again antagonized the King by arriving late for Queen Anne's funeral ... the king, in a rage, snatched a baton from an attendant and struck Richard on the head and drew blood. Richard was imprisoned in the Tower of London for a week and was released on £40,000 bail.^[3]

1397: Richard and Gloucester refused to attend a meeting of the Council in February, most likely over their objections to the terms of the peace negotiations with France.^[3]

July 1397: Richard was "treacherously seized" for his opposition to Richard II, as well as plotting with Gloucester to imprison the king.^[2] Richard was sent to Carisbrooke Castle.^[3]

5 August 1397: At Nottingham Castle, Richard, Gloucester and Warwick were charged with treason, accused of raising a rebellion against the king in 1387, usurping the royal authority with their commission of 1386, and putting to death various supporters of the king without good cause in 1388.^[3]

21 September 1397: He stood trial at Westminster^[2] and was convicted of treason, sentenced to be drawn, hanged, beheaded and quartered. Because of his noble birth, the king commuted his sentence to beheading only and he was immediately taken to Tower Hill via Cheapside.^[3] There, he was beheaded.^[1][2]

Marriages and Children

Richard married first Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, K.G., Earl of Northampton,^[3] by Elizabeth de Badlesmere,^[2] by license dated 17 October 1359 (papal dispensation dated 9 September 1359).^[1] They had three sons and five daughters:

• Richard, predeceased his father,^[1] but was still living in 1393^[3]
• William, clerk, born about/after 1380/1,^[3] died before 4 March 1392/3^[1]
• Thomas, K.G., K.B., Earl of Arundel and Surrey,^[3] Chief Butler of England, etc., born 13 October 1381, died in October 1415, married Beatrice (or Beatriz) of Portugal^[1]
• Eleanor, married Robert de Ufford and had no issue.^[1] ODNB says she married Robert de la Pole and both of them died by 1376.^[3]
• Elizabeth, married first William de Montagu, Knt., Lord Montagu; second Thomas Mowbray, K.G., 1st Duke of Norfolk;^[3] third Robert Goushill (or Gousehill, Goushall); and fourth Gerard Usflete, Knt.; Elizabeth was born about 1371 and died 8 July 1425.^[1]
• Alice, mistress to Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Lincoln before marrying John Cherleton, 4th Lord Cherleton, no issue^[1][3]
• Joan, married William Beauchamp, K.G., 1st Lord Bergavenny^[1][3]
• Margaret,^[3] born 1383/1385, died before 5 May 1423, married Roland (or Rowland) Lenthall (or Leynthale, Leyntale)^[1]

His wife, Elizabeth, died 3 April 1385 and was buried at Lewes Priory, Sussex.^[1][2][3]

Richard married second on 15 August 1390 Philippe Mortimer, widow of Sir John de Hastings, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, and daughter of Edmund de Mortimer, Earl of March^[3] and Ulster, by Philippe, daughter and heiress of Lionel of Antwerp, K.G., Duke of Clarence.^[1][2] They were married without the king's licence^[1] for which Richard was fined 500 marks.^[2] In August 1391, the pope declared the dispensation under which they married was valid.^[1] They had no children^[1][2][3] (see Research Note below).

Death and Burial

Richard died 21 September 1397, beheaded at Cheapside, and was buried in the church of the Augustin Friars, London.^[1][2]

Richard left a will dated 4 March 1392/3,^[3] but he was subsequently attainted and his honors and estates were forfeited^[1] (Cokayne gives will date of 4 March 1382/3).^[2] Following the deposition of Richard II in 1399, the attainder was reversed, and Richard's son and heir, Thomas FitzAlan, succeeded to his father's estates and honors.^[3]

His widow, Phillippe, married her third husband, Sir Thomas Poynings, 5th Lord Saint John of Basing, after April 1398. She died 24 September 1401 at Halnaker, Sussex and was buried at Boxgrove Priory, Sussex.^[1][2]

Research Note

Disputed Children

Richardson and Cokayne specifically state that Richard had no issue by his second wife, but Cawley lists a son, John ([1394]-after 1397), with no further information or source.^[6] John is still attached as their child, but the parent relationship on John's profile is marked as uncertain.

Isabel Fitzalan was previously attached as a daughter of Richard (no mother was attached) and was detached as there are no sources to prove this connection.

Some state that Richard may have had a son, Sir Edmund de Arundel who was later bastardized. Edmund was actually the older half-brother, NOT a son, of this Richard.

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30} Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011, vol. II, pages 190-195, FITZ ALAN 7, Richard de Arundel.
2. ↑ ^{2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20} George Edward Cokayne, ed. Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Vol. I: Ab Adam - Basing, 2nd edition. (London,1910). Online at Archive.org, pages 244-245.
3. ↑ ^{3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34} C. Given-Wilson. "Fitzalan, Richard, fourth earl of Arundel and ninth earl of Surrey (1346–1397), magnate" in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 3 Jan 2008, Oxford University Press. Accessed 12 Apr 2020, online at ODNB.
4. ↑ Knights of the Garter (Heraldica list)
5. ↑ Tuck, Anthony. "Lords appellant (act. 1387–1388)" in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. May 19 2011, Oxford University Press. Accessed online 17 Apr 2020 at ODNB.
6. ↑ Charles Cawley. Richard Arundel entry in "Medieval Lands": A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for MedLands.

• Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011). See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013). See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.

See also:

• Richardson, Royal Ancestry (2013), vol. II, pages 210-211 #12, 611; vol. IV, pages 175, 188.
• Roberts, Gary Boyd. Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants to the American Colonies. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company).
• Weis, Frederick Lewis. The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, 5th ed., 1999, Lines 19-7, 121-6, 134-7.
• Beltz, George. Memorials of the Order of the Garter. (London: William Pickering, 1841). Online at Google Books, pages 303-307.
• Wikipedia: Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl of Arundel
• Lewis, Marlyn. Sir Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey entry in Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors & Cousins website, accessed 17 Apr 2020.

Acknowledgements

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Magna Carta Project

This profile was re-reviewed and approved for the Magna Carta Project 17 Apr 2020 by Thiessen-117.

Richard FitzAlan KG is a descendant of several Magna Carta Surety Barons, including Roger Bigod, Hugh le Bigod, Saher de Quincy and Robert de Vere in trails badged by the Magna Carta Project to the following Gateway Ancestors:

• Claypoole Gateways (James, Edward and Norton): trails were re-reviewed in May/Jun 2020. See the trails HERE.
• Coytemore Gateways (Elizabeth and Thomas) (MCA I:559-562 COYTEMORE): badged in 2015. See the trails HERE.
• John Fisher: badged in 2015 and re-reviewed in April 2020. The trail can be seen HERE.
• Manwaring Gateways (Oliver and Mary): badged, re-reviewed in February 2024. See the trails HERE.
• Richard Palgrave: trails badged 19 March 2021. See them HERE.

See Base Camp for information about Magna Carta trails. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".