Nicholas Cain (abt. 1708 - 1787)

Husband of Catharine (Unknown) Cain — married about 1736 in Province of Pennsylvania [uncertain]

Descendants

Died Oct 1787 at about age 79 in Albemarle, Virginia, United States

Problems/Questions Profile managers: Steve Lake [send private message], Melinda Pitts [send private message], and US Southern Colonies Project WikiTree [send private message]

Nicholas Cain resided in the Southern Colonies in North America before 1776. Join: US Southern Colonies Project Discuss: southern_colonies

Biography

The lines of Cain's we are following and which descended from Nicholas KAIN of PA and VA, used the given names of James, John, Daniel, Jesse, Edmond, Cornelius, Arnold and David. The religion after 1750 was almost exclusively Methodist. These CAIN families always settled in the outlying hill country on the frontier, but in distinct German or Dutch settlements. Our ancestor, Nicholas KAIN, named his first son James. He had a son, Edmond, and also a daughter, Ann. Chapter 2, page 6-7^[1]

Nicholas KAIN was a young man of approximately 25 years when he left his father's home and with several other young men, traveled north from the Colonial Settlements of Philadelphia and Chester County into a beautiful and fertile land on the frontier. The Proprietaries of Pennsylvania had recently made available lands to settlers and development companies in this new frontier. The London Company surveyed and opened a tract for settlement as did William Streyper of the Germantown Mennonites. These lands are on the Perkiomen, Tinicum and Tohickon Creeks in Bucks Co., north of Philadelphia.

The earliest data located at the date of this writing [1986] is the issuance of a warrant for one hundred acres of land to Nicholas KANE from the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania, issued at Philadelphia on the 18th day of November in the year 1736.^[2]

After marking his land and making some improvements, Nicholas then journeyed back to Philadelphia in the Summer of 1736 and made application for a warrant and a survey. Due to the demand for land warrants, it was several months later before he received his documents.

He did woo and wed a German girl by the name of Catherine, her maiden name is unknown.^[3] He returned to Bucks County with his new bride. Their first child was born in the fall of 1737 and a daughter which they named Margaret. Their son James was born in early 1739.

About the year 1740, Nicholas with his brother John and the Custer and Humble men, made an exploratory trip south and west down the Shenandoah Valley into Virginia. The KAIN family, Custers, Mauks, Trumbos and Shoemakers located land and staked claims in the Valley of the North Branch of the River in the Gap of the Mountains, forming one of the first German settlements in that part of the West Augusta Co., VA. In the Winter of 1740-41, the KAIN family migrated to their new land. This would be the location of the KAIN family for the next 13 to 14 years. ^[4]

When he left Bucks County, PA, he stopped for a short time in Frederick County, Virginia. Nicholas CAIN obtained a land patient in 1747 where he lived for about 12 years. John was born in 1742, Daniel was born in 1743. Edmond, Cornelius, Jesse and David were all born in that part of Augusta County, Virginia.

Nicholas applied for and received a warrant for 100 acres of land. The patent was issued on 20 August 1747, and it was duly surveyed with an additional 400 acres by Tho. Lewis, County Surveyor, in 1750. (This narrative continues, in the book, "Descendants of Nicholas Cain" Cain & Evans, 1986.)

Research Notes

• Needs Style Review: This profile needs review to separate reliably sourced information (in the Biography) from research discussion (in the Research Notes). Spratlin-29 16:35, 10 March 2024 (UTC)
• Needs Research: This profie contains a series of "sourced" and unsourced" items that need to be reviewed and possibly researched. It appears based on a quick review that there is controversy concerning this person about 5 years ago that was perhaps not fully resolved. Spratlin-29 16:35, 10 March 2024 (UTC)

Rejected Matches

There are two other identities with similar names which were combined on this profile, that have been separated and help is needed to find sources that confirm that they are properly split up. This will be an on-going process that is hoped to be collaborative with full tolerance and forbearance
One profile is Nicholas Cain/Kain/Carn born about 1710 in Germany, who is likely the candidate for the Nicholas Carn, husband of Margaretha and father of Uhlrich, found in the Philadelphia passenger list. Please add alternate versions here and update cross-reference of profile for Cain-3611.
The other is Nicholas Kain, born about 1714 in Kirk Michael, Isle of Man, and died 1724, same place. There are birth and death sources on his profile, proving his parents. Please add alternate versions here and update cross-reference of profile for Kain-221.
While there are many versions of each of these alternate identities, and at the same time there is so little evidence to support any one, it is inevitable that most theories can be pushed into the realm of possible, but none may come close to probable. Therefore this is to be a safe place for all these versions and the theories and supporting sources and reasoning behind them. Space may be an issue, but also organization. It is suggested that the page where additional sources for Nicholas Cain reside, can be used for these versions, sources and theory explanations and this section can be reserved as a list with cross-references to other profiles until such time as it is deemed necessary to create a separate page for just this purpose. It is hoped that DNA data and analysis can be used as evidence in our quest for clarity, so a lot of space will be needed. This paragraph added by Steve Lake 01Jan2018.

Name

Nicholas Cain or Nicholas Kain

Birth Date and Place

Sourced Birth

The first record of Nicholas is dated 1736 and his birth date or place is not known, as of 1986, when a reliable published secondary source was printed. Chapter one of this family history book makes several points in favor of Nicholas being of Dutch or German descent because of where he settled in less populated areas and who his neighbors were in those places.^[5]

UN-Sourced Birth

1714-06-27 Cowles, England or 1710 Cowles, England
https://www.geni.com/people/Nicholas-Cain/6000000004672489776 Nicholas Cain Birthdate: 1710 Birthplace: Cowles, England Last Updated: December 3, 2014.
Note: This reference example has no source for either the date or the place of the birth of Nicholas. Based on sourced data above, this information is irrelevant for this profile and will be copied to first alternate profile, Nicholas Kain. This note by Steve Lake 30May2017.

Note: It has been suggested that DNA results provide evidence that the ancestors of Nicholas may have originated in Ireland. See the Cain DNA project at www.familytreedna.com

Parentage

Sourced Parents

We do not know the mother or father of Nicholas Cain, as of 1986, the year that a family history book was published.^[6]

UN-Sourced Parents

Daniel Cain Born 1685 in , , England (Cain-653)
Margaret Cain formerly McBooy Born 1685 (McBooy-1)
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "International Genealogical Index (IGI)," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/2:1:9V5Q-XDL : accessed 2017-06-20), entry for Nicholas Cain, b.1714. Each record contains one event, including birth, baptism (christening), marriage, or death. Submitted 11/28/2012 by ldcmyers71359.
Note: This record is one of three naming parents that is not considered relevant to our Nicholas Cain because the record is found on the Isle of Man. There is ample evidence that a Nicholas Cain of Isle of Man died young in 1724 with no marriage or issue. We only know from our published book that the name and death info of our Nicholas Cain does not match this profile. We know of no source connecting the birth info and parents to the profile of our Nicholas Cain. There are 35 more records for Nicholas and Catherine in the IGI which also have no sources and which also have varying data which mostly does not agree with the published book. This note by Steve Lake 19Jun2017.

Immigration

Sourced Immigration

Two or three generations of Nicholas' ancestors were probably in the American Colonies before his birth, therefore Nicholas was probably not the immigrant of this line.^[7]

UN-Sourced Immigration

1732, came from England on the ship "PLAISANCE"
http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/mann/81/ Catherine Mann, wife of Nicholas Cain; England>Bucks Co.,PA By genealogy.com user February 19, 1998 Sources: 1. The Ever Changing Smith Family, Nov 1997, by Donald Smith 2. Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #0894, Date of Import: Dec 30, 1997 3. Cain Connections newsletter, volume #2 1982, branch #9 4. From Ralph B. Strassburger's Pennsylvania German Pioneers lists for the Pink Plaisance (pp. 78-83) List 22A, 22B, 22C 5. Prodigy Interactive Personal Service, 3/28/93, reply from message posted same day to topic SURNAMES M-Z, topic MAUCK, VA 1700's from member Nancy Allen (FFFH63B) stating "Lee, a Nicholas Carn, age 39, arrived 21 Sep 1732 on the ship Pink Plaisance."
Note: This example does have several source references, but the problem, which is quite common and shows a lack of understanding of how to apply sources, is that these sources are inadequate or irrelevant. 1. The Smith Family book reference does not include an image or transcription. 2. Brøderbund is only a pedigree chart, which is probably un-sourced. 3. Cain Connections newsletter is of doubtful use. 4. Strassburger's is a source for a Nicholas Carn with wife and children who don't match our Nicholas Cain. 5. Prodigy explains the ship passenger lists. Bottom line is that the ship list probably applies to an alternate profile, which is Nicholas Cain/Kain/Carn born 1710 in Germany, who may be a candidate for the Nicholas Carn, husband of Margaretha and father of Uhlrich, found in the Philadelphia passenger list. This note by Steve Lake 04June2017.

Marriage

Sourced Marriage

"He did woo and wed a German girl by the name of Catherine, her maiden name is unknown. He returned to Bucks County, PA, with his new bride." Their first child was born in the fall of 1737, a daughter which they named Margaret. Their son James was born in early 1739.^[8]

An existing profile with the name Margaret Catherine Mann was changed to the name of Catherine Unknown, wife of Nicholas Cain of PA & VA and mother of nine children. This note by Steve Lake 05July2017.

UN-Sourced Marriage

Agreed to a marriage contract in 1735 in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

Note: The information from the published family history above, a secondary source, says that Nicholas married and then returned to Bucks county, which would mean that he did not marry in Bucks county. This note by Steve Lake 04June2017.

Wife

Catherine Unknown

Catherine's maiden name is unknown. She married Nicholas Cain probably in 1736, possibly in Pennsylvania colony. They went to Bucks county, PA, that same year to establish a home and raise a family. Their first child was born the following year in 1737.^[9] Note: My opinion is that none of the three names of wives previously attached here are completely correct, according to the sources attached here, and also because of the absence of sources that support such information. Multiple identities of Catherine have been combine in error, just as they have for Nicholas, throughout the internet. This note by Steve Lake 04June2017.

Margaret (Unknown)

Margaret (Unknown) Cain appears to be connected to the Philadelphia passenger list. Therefore, this profile Margaret Unknown has been connected to the alternate Nicholas Cain/Carn profile. One example of this information is found at http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/mann/81/ and the relevant source is 4. From Ralph B. Strassburger's Pennsylvania German Pioneers lists for the Pink Plaisance (pp. 78-83) List 22A, 22B, 22C 5. This record is for a man named Nicholas Carn, sailing from England, with wife and son. The published Cain history concludes that the Nicholas Cain, who married Catherine Unknown and resided in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, was probably born in PA and did not immigrate, therefore the passenger list is not relevant to his profile. This note by Steve Lake 03Aug2017.

Mary Fitch

Mary (Fitch) Cain has a place problem, being located in Rhode Island, and a date problem (born 1658) making her about 60 years older than Nicholas and has been disconnected by Steve Lake 21June2017. The earliest documented evidence of this Cain line is dated 1736, therefore no conclusions can be made before that date. This note by Steve Lake 03Aug2017.

Catharina Margaretha Mann or Monn

Catharina Margaretha (Mann or Monn) has been found on FamilySearch.org as the wife of Johann Stephan Mann. A new profile has been created here on WT for Johann Stephan Mann, and this Catharine Margaretha Mann has been connected to him. Both profiles have numerous sources, all in Germany. This note by Steve Lake 03Aug2017.
http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/mann/81/ Catherine Mann, wife of Nicholas Cain; England>Bucks Co.,PA By genealogy.com user February 19, 1998 Sources: 1. The Ever Changing Smith Family, Nov 1997, by Donald Smith 2. Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #0894, Date of Import: Dec 30, 1997 3. Cain Connections newsletter, volume #2 1982, branch #9 4. From Ralph B. Strassburger's Pennsylvania German Pioneers lists for the Pink Plaisance (pp. 78-83) List 22A, 22B, 22C 5. Prodigy Interactive Personal Service, 3/28/93
Note that this web page has sources that we have already determined to be of unknown or doubtful use and also irrelevant to this Nicholas Cain and will be applied to the other alternate and more correct profiles. This note by Steve Lake 26June2017. https://www.geni.com/people/Nicholas-Cain/6000000004672489776 Nicholas Cain Birthdate: 1710 (77) Birthplace: Cowles, England Death: Died October 1787 in Albermarle, Virginia, United States Place of Burial: Virginia, United States Immediate Family: Husband of Catherine Cain Last Updated: December 3, 2014. Note: This reference has no source for either the bride's name, date or the place of the marriage. Based on sourced data above, this information is irrelevant for this profile. This note by Steve Lake 13June2017.

Children

Sourced Children

Nicholas' last will & testament includes these named children; Daniel Cain, Margaret Shaw, James Cain, John Cain, Cornelius Cain, Edmond Cain, Jesse Cain, Anna Hippo and David Cain.^[10]
Transcription of the list of children in the book, "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" is as follows;
Margaret born ca. 1737 Bucks county, PA
James born 1739 Bucks county, PA
John born 27 Dec 1742 Augusta county, VA
Daniel born ca 1743 Augusta county, VA
Edmond born ca. 1746 Augusta county, VA
Cornelius born ca 1747 Augusta county, VA
Jesse born ca. 1748 Augusta county, VA
David born ca.1750 Augusta county, VA
Ann born VA^[11]

UN-Sourced Children

Ulrich Wilhelm Cain
The only source known for this person is a Philadelphia passenger list. One example of this information is found at http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/mann/81/ and the relevant source is 4. From Ralph B. Strassburger's Pennsylvania German Pioneers lists for the Pink Plaisance (pp. 78-83) List 22A, 22B, 22C 5. This record is for a man named Nicholas Carn, sailing from England, with wife and son, Uhlrich. This note by Steve Lake 05July2017.
These nine previously existing profiles of children have been proven and sourced, and therefore should remain connected to Nicholas Cain of Virginia, but need a correct mother. Margaret (Cain) Shaw, James Augustus Cain, John Cain, Daniel Cain, Edmond Cain, Cornelius Cain, Jesse Cain, David Cain, Anna (Cain) Hippo.

Jeridiah Cain.
There is a Jerediah Cain listed in the 1790 US Census, living in Guilford, North Carolina, United States. https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/XHK1-4DM Note: Jeridiah has three brothers attached to his profile on FamilySearch; Daniel Cain 1750–Deceased • LJTJ-WF4, Russell Cain 1765–Deceased • LJTJ-HQN, and Andrew Cain 1768–1817 • L4YB-FK8. Daniel has one source, Russell none and Andrew has five sources attached. Note that the numbers following the life dates is the FamilySearch profile ID number, unfortunately accessible only with a free account and log-in. Further, Andrew died in Greensboro, Guilford, North Carolina, which makes me wonder if someone was not careful and got Greensboro mixed up with Greene county, Ohio for Jeridiah. As yet, I have found no source which connects Jerediah of NC to Nicholas of VA. It is coincidental that Jerediah resided in Adams county, Ohio, late in life, and this may be why he gets connected to the son of Nicholas. Note by Steve Lake 21Jun2017.

Other Possible, But Unproven, Relationships

There exists several profiles which have no proof of relationship to Nicholas Cain. The way they were being handled was to leave them connected for the time being and attach a, "Uncertain Family" badge. I think this still leaves them more on the probable status, if not certain, than they really are, so these profiles were disconnected at a later date so they no longer show up on the lists of relationships at the top data section. Their information has been left in this section of the bio with explanation AND links, with reciprocal links on the opposite profiles.

These are examples:

Ulrich Wilhelm Cain. This person may be moved as son of an alternate Nicholas Cain.

Jeridiah Cain. This person may be moved as son of an alternate Nicholas Cain or an UNKNOWN Cain.

Elizabeth Agnes Cain Kirk of Montgomery county, Virginia and Macoupin, Illinois. This person is frequently connected to James & Elizabeth Custer Cain, but is not mentioned in the Cain book. She does have similar family characteristics which means that she is probably connected to the Nicholas Cain of PA & VA line , but that connection is unknown. Since her dates do not match up with the dates of James & Elizabeth Custer Cain and is obviously not their biological daughter, then the logical place to reference a possible connection is with Nicholas, the patriarch of this line.

James Cain and wife Elizabeth Carper of Montgomery county, Virginia. This person is frequently connected to James & Elizabeth Custer Cain, and IS mentioned in the Cain book. They do have similar family characteristics which means that they are probably connected to the Nicholas Cain of PA & VA line , but that connection is unknown, which is the conclusion of the Cain book.

I received some initial feedback on this proposed change, added similar reciprocal links on the opposite profiles, and waited about a year without receiving any further evidence or sources supporting these relationships, so they have been disconnected. If proof is provided in the future, these relationships may be re-connected using the cross-references provided.Note edits by Steve Lake 05Mar2019.

Military

Sourced Military

Virginia Soldiers, Militia Miscellany - Draper Manuscripts, pg. 225 Augusta County, VA Milita Companies were organized and NICHOLAS CAIN was a member and as listed on the record in the year of 1742 in Capt. John Gill's Company. Also within the same documents shows NICOL. CAIN in Capt. John Gill's Company No. 6.^[12][13]

Historical Information, not Military service by Nicholas

In the Summer of 1755, General Edward Braddock on his march to Fort Dequesne was ambushed and defeated by a combined force of French and Indians. General Braddock died of his injuries and his army withdrew. This left the entire are of the northwest VA open to the depredations of the many Indian tribes, who now took up scalping settlers. So it is no surprise that Nicholas and his wife, Catherine moved from the area. In 1756, Nicholas made a trip South into Orange and Louisa Co's between the heads of the the two Anna Rivers in what is now Albemarle Co., VA. He subsequently purchased 250 acres from James COLEMAN. The deed was recorded after the final payment in 1760.
Note: This paragraph mentions no military service and needs to be moved to the biography section. SL 5July 2017.

Tax Records

Sourced Tax Records

Found on 1787 VA, Rockingham Co., Personal Property Tax List ("A"): Charged w/tax 1 2 3 4 5 Carn, Nicholas, Self, 0 0 0 4 12 (=4 horses, mares, etc.; 12 cattle)
^[14]

Death

Sourced Death

Nicholas stayed in Albemarle Co., VA until his death in the Fall of 1787. His estate was probated in the December Court of Albemarle County, Virginia, 1787.^[15] A transcription of this Will is needed.

UN-Sourced Death

Fall of 1787 Albermarle, Virginia, United States or OCT 1787 Albermarle, Virginia, United States.
Note: This un-sourced information agrees with the sourced info above, but it is used on all three separate identities that are being split. Obviously this death info only applies to this profile and not the other two alternates. Changes will need to be made and explanations supplied on Cain-3611 and Kain-221. SL 11July2017.

GEDCOM Imports

Imports of GEDcom tree files have probably been the cause of several non-duplicate "Nicholas Cain" profiles being combined. Observing the poor quality of the sources in this section, it should be obvious that many contributors who upload their trees do not understand the elements of a proper source and take shortcuts with them as well. Extreme caution should be exercised, and then only with a commitment to manually checking and cleaning all uploaded profiles. There are no known automated methods for checking for problems, making the process long and tedious. The ability to upload a tree is a tempting shortcut, but few realize the volume of work involved in making corrections later, not to mention the immediate confusion and ongoing problems it creates for others on a shared tree. Many, including myself, have found that manually auditing and adding one profile at a time provides better quality profiles and is less work in the long run, besides being less of a burden to fellow contributors. Personally, I think uploading should not be an option on shared tree sites at all, or at least limited to a few profiles within a restricted time period.Note by Steve Lake 05Mar2019.

Collaboration Process

Note that this profile is undergoing revisions which will bring it into closer conformance with the legitimate and reliable sources which have been attached. I am suggesting this process because this profile is pre-1800, has a large number of descendants, and also because there is a large amount of differing and confusing information. The collaboration process will be coordinated by trusted listee, Steve Lake (Lake-1774). Sources and text have been added in parallel with data which is unsourced, questionable or irrelevant. We will proceed through one item at a time, beginning with birth, before moving on to immigration, marriage, wives and then children. There may be other items that may be added as we go along. I would recommend that each item be allowed a week or so to allow adequate time for input from all interest parties. The incremental approach will involve smaller amounts of time spread over several weeks, which will hopefully have less impact on our busy schedules. I will do my best to stick with this for the long haul and use this as a pattern for other similarly difficult profiles elsewhere in my tree.

The first phase of the process I will follow is to add additional info and links to examples for the questionable text and invite input and opinions. After waiting a week, I will flip the sourced section so that the unsourced section is underneath, but retained. I think we should do something different here and that is to retain and explain the incorrect info, so that others may have a chance to see how it is evaluated and understand why it may be concluded to be in the range from incorrect, possible, improbable, impossible or irrelevant. At this point, the corresponding data fields may be changed to agree with the text and sources in the bio, or this will be left until phase two. Then we will repeat the process on the next item.
The second phase of the process I will follow is to actually make the changes to the data section and to copy the information which applies to the alternate identities, to their respective profiles. The alternate identities are believed to be Cain-3611 and Kain-221. These two profiles have been designated as "Rejected Matches," but they will also be cross-referenced in order to help others understand why and how these composite profiles were split. The changes and copying will progress a section at a time, similar to the order of phase one.
Please use public or private messages to discuss each item. If there are additional or alternate information or sources, please add it to the bio section. Please add suggestions following this paragraph. I look forward to working with everyone who wants to be included.

Note that the "legitimate and reliable sources" I refer to are mainly found in the published book "Descendants of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain and Shirley J. Evans copyright 1986, where images of primary sources may be found, and also is itself a secondary source composed of the conclusions and opinions of the authors derived from their research experience. The test of time will reveal whether this book has errors as it is held up to the scrutiny of historians and genealogists. I hope we can agree that this book is a starting point and believed to be correct until evidence is shown otherwise. Further, I hope we can agree that there are several unique individuals with similar names and identities to this Nicholas Cain and that caution must be used to avoid intermingling them.
Further note that this collaborative process has been completed as PHASE ONE and PHASE TWO. Since then a contributor has shared a list of corrections for the Cain & Evans book, which needs to be scanned and added to WikiTree with a proper citation. Note by Steve Lake 15Aug2017.

PHASE THREE can be described as hold, wait and maintain. As new eyes review, there will be many opportunities to edit and improve what has been begun.

PHASE FOUR has been suggested to use the new and emerging technology and art of DNA analysis as a way to process the accumulated records, writings and theories that pertain to the various identities of all the similar Nicholas Cains. At this time it is not know what this process will look like or how it will need to be structured or administered. It is hoped that several collaborators with both expertise and a commitment to cooperative collaboration will take the lead, or at least make significant contributions. It is unclear what my role will be because I have only learned enough about DNA to make this suggestion and it will be a completely new learning experience for me. This paragraph added by Steve Lake 01Jan2018.

Sources

1. ↑ WikiTree.com, [1], "Descendants of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 Cain & Evans 1986.
2. ↑ WikiTree.com, [2], "By the Proprietaries" Land Warrant.
3. ↑ A Source is Needed for Marriage Date and Place.
4. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 1, page 1
5. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter1 & 2, Pages 1-16
6. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 2, Page 6
7. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 1, Page 1
8. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 2, Page 6
9. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986 by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 2, pages 7-8
10. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986, [3], by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 2, Pages 12 & 13
11. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986, [4], by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 2, Page 11
12. ↑ "The Descendant's of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986, [5], by Wayne R. Cain & Shirley J. Evans, Chapter 2, Page 9
13. ↑ "Ancestral study of four families, Roberts, Griffith, Cartwright, Simpson" by Emily Griffith Roberts, Terrell, Tex.: 1939, 1164 pgs. [6], Genealogy.com
14. ↑ Library of Virginia, [7], "The personal property tax lists for the year 1787 for Rockingham County, Virginia" by Schreiner-Yantis and Love. Springfield, Va. 1987.
15. ↑ WikiTree.com, [8], "Last Will and Testament" Court Probate.

See also:

• The Ever Changing Smith Family, Nov 1997, by Donald Smith, 210 W. 100So., Monroe, UT 84754 (Relevance not checked)
• Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #0894, Date of Import: Dec 30, 1997 (Relevance not checked)
• Virginia Land, Marriage, and Probate Records, 1639-1850. (No citation provided, so record cannot be found in order to check relevance)
• Ancestry Family Trees; http://www.Ancestry.com (Technically a tree is NOT a source. A tree MAY have sources referenced within it, but they need to be listed here with complete citation, and a transcription is desirable.)
• Research notes input by MG Pitts, rev. 8/3/2014 ( These "research notes" have not been found.)
• "Descendants of Nicholas Cain" 1736-1986
  

Wayne R. Cain and Shirley J. Evans copyright 1986
Published by Haysville Pioneer, Haysville, Kansas
Printed by Jostens Printing and publishing
Chapter 2 scanned to pdf file available here: (https://www.wikitree.com/photo.php/2/2b/Descendants_of_Nicholas_Cain.pdf)(https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005714206 | accessed 29Jun2020)

• "Ancestral study of four families, Roberts, Griffith, Cartwright, Simpson : covering lineal and collateral relations of my children" by Emily Griffith Roberts, Terrell, Tex.: 1939, 1164 pgs. http://www.genealogy.com/forum/surnames/topics/gill/3897/ Genealogy.com Re: William Gill Family By Arnie Gill October 29, 2007
• "The personal property tax lists for the year 1787 for Rockingham County, Virginia" by Netti Schreiner-Yantis and Florene Speakman Love. Springfield, Va. : Genealogical Books in Print, 1987. Repository: VA, Library of Virginia, 800 East Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219-8000 https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/guides/generesearch.pdf and at OCLC WorldCAT.org http://www.worldcat.org/title/personal-property-tax-lists-for-the-year-1787-for-rockingham-county-virginia/oclc/16462148
• Additional sources for Nicholas Cain can be found here.

Other Miscellaneous Sources

Ancestral File, Tucson Family History Center has a file for Nicholas Cain, wife Catherine and son James A. Cain. States Nicholas born about 1713, "prob. England" and wife Catherine born about 1717 in Germany. (Dates and places not proven)
_________________

Cain Connections newsletter, volume #2 1982, branch #9 shows Nicholas Cain, b. 1693 Germany, d. 1787 Albemarle Co., VA, m/1: Margaret _____, b. ____, d. 1732 on board "Pink Plaisance" to America from Germany; m/2: 1732 to Catherine/Catrina Mann/Mohn, b. 1705 Germany, d. between 1760 and 1783 VA. Children shown in database are issue of Margaret. (NOT RELEVANT TO THIS NICHOLAS CAIN.)
__________________

Prodigy Interactive Personal Service, 3/28/93, reply from message posted same day to topic SURNAMES M-Z, topic MAUCK, VA 1700's from member Nancy Allen (FFFH63B) stating "Lee, a Nicholas Carn, age 39, arrived 21 Sep 1732 on the ship Pink Plaisance." (NOT RELEVANT TO THIS NICHOLAS CAIN.)
__________________

From Ralph B. Strassburger's Pennsylvania German Pioneers lists for the Pink Plaisance (pp. 78-83): [List 22A] [List of the Palatines imported in the Pink Plaisance, John Parrett, Mr., from Rottr., but last from Cowes. Qualified Sepr 21st, 1732.] Nicholas CARN, age 39; Magdilen Carnin, age 45; and Margaret Karn. (NOT RELEVANT TO THIS NICHOLAS CAIN.)

[List 22B] Palatines imported in the Pink Plaisance, John Parrett, Mr., from Rotterdam, but last from Cowes (Isle of Wight, England), p. Clearence thence. Qualified Septr. 21st, 1732. - Nicolas (O) Carn. (NOT RELEVANT TO THIS NICHOLAS CAIN.)

[List 22C] Palatines imported in the Pink Plaisance, John Parrett, Mr., from Rottr., but last from Cowes. Qualified Sepr. 21st, 1732. Nicolaus (X) KERN. (NOT RELEVANT TO THIS NICHOLAS CAIN.)
_________________

Prodigy Interactive Personal Service, 3/29/93, reply from message posted same day to topic SURNAMES M-Z, topic MAUCK, VA 1700's from member Nancy Allen (FFFH63B) further stating: "His name is spelled Nicholas Carn on the Captain's list, Nicolas Carn on the Oath of Allegiance, and Nicolas Kern on his mark. On the Captain's list there is a Henry Kern, age 27 (name partially erased), Magdilen Carnin, age 45, and two children, Urik Willm Karn and Margaret Karn. You can't tell relationships from the list - there are separate lists for men, women, and children. Henry Kern isn't on either of the oaths." (NOT RELEVANT TO THIS NICHOLAS CAIN.)

Acknowledgements

• This person was created through the import of PittsPenn_2010-09-21.ged on 22 September 2010.
• This person was created through the import of indygrandma.ged on 02 January 2011.
• This person was created through the import of Jen Tree 5 01(3) - 23042011.ged on 19 May 2011.
• WikiTree profile Cain-908 created through the import of Cole Coles Cowles Family Tree.ged on Jul 4, 2011 by Jeff Cole.
• WikiTree profile Cain-951 created through the import of Our Roots.ged on Jul 23, 2011 by Larry Arnold.