Alfred Richard Orage migrated from United Kingdom to United States.
Alfred Orage, 'given to wearing hand-woven, flame-coloured ties,' was a well-known Yorkshire-born teacher, writer, editor, social thinker, and publisher.[1] As well as editing The New Age and later founding New English Weekly, he was an English teacher who was influential to key literary figures like Katherine Mansfield. He was also the only man to be arrested as part of a suffragette's march in London in 1907.
Early Life
Alfred Richard Orage was born 'James Alfred Orage' was born in Dacre Banks, Yorkshire on 22 January 1873, the youngest of William Steverson Orage and Sarah Ann McGuire's four children. [2]Although born James, had a childhood nickname of 'Dickie'—which he adopted as his middle name when he changed his name to Alfred Richard Orage.
After going to America in 1923, Orage would meet Jessie Richards Dwight.[3] In 1926, Jean would file for divorce.[6] By 1927, Jessie would have served as Orage's secretary and eventually marry him after his divorce from Jean.[3]
Orage had two children with his second wife, Jessie Dwight: Richard (at the age of 56) and Ann (at 60).[7] He would not live to see his children turn 10—much like his own experience with his father.[7]
Career
Early Career
He started as a pupil teacher in a local school before going to Teacher Training College in Culham, Oxfordshire.[8] After taking a post at a Leeds primary school in 1893, he began to develop interests in both socialism and literature.[4]
Leeds Arts Club
Orage's passions led him to co-found the Leeds Art Club on 10 October 1903 in the midst of the Town Hall with Holbrook Jackson after Jackson introduced him to Nietzsche's work in 1900.[1][4][9]
Between 1908–23, the Leeds Art Club would meet at 8 Blenheim Terrace. Leeds Civic Trust commemorated the importance of the Leeds Art Club by placing a blue plaque on the Blenheim Terrace premises that reads:
THE LEEDS ART CLUB A highly influential forum for the avant-garde in politics, philosophy, art and literature met here from 1908. Ground-breaking exhibitions included the 1913 Post-Impressionist show and Cubist and Futurist Art in 1914. Famous speakers included G.B. Shaw and W.B. Yeats. 1903-1923.[10]
After establishing the Arts Club, Orage would move to London in 1906 where he worked as a freelance journalist.[4] Soon after moving to London, Orage used financial backing from George Bernard Shaw and others to purchase the weekly review magazine, The New Age.[4] Orage would remain the editor of The New Age in 1922.[4]
By 1910, Orage would become an influential teacher (and later friend) to Katherine Mansfield.[11] Orage would continue to play a significant role in literary spheres and was a prominent thinker.[12]
Women's Suffrage in England
Orage was the only man arrested along with 75 women—mostly weavers and tailoresses in their late-20s—after a group of 300 'mill girls,' joined by other protesters, tried to storm the Houses of Parliament in support of women's rights in 1907.[1][13] He was later discharged.[1]
Work with Gurdjieff
Around the time he stopped editing The New Age, Orage began taking an interest with the teachings of George Gurdjieff during 1923.[4] Having met Jessie Dwight in 1923 and his continued work with Gurdjieff, Orage would move to America.[4] According to the Passenger and Crew Lists for the SS Mauretania, the Orages arrived in New York on 3 October 1925.[14][15]
Death & Legacy
After 'feeling unwell for some days,' Orage died hours after giving a radio broadcast.
[16] Following his death on 6 November 1934 from a presumed stroke, he was buried in plot L093 in St John-at-Hampstead Churchyard.[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] At the time of his death, Orage was living on 9 The Mount, Heath Street, Hampstead, NW, London.[24]
In June 2001, the bulk of Alfred Orage's writings and other belongings were donated to the University of Leeds by one of Orage's descendants.[4]
Sources
↑ 1.01.11.21.3
Liddington, Jill. Rebel Girls: How Votes for Women Changed Edwardian Lives. London: Virago, 2006.
↑ "England and Wales Census, 1881," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q27C-8CNP : 11 December 2017), Alfred Orage in household of Sarah A Orage, Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire, England; from "1881 England, Scotland and Wales Census," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : n.d.); citing p. 19, Piece/Folio 1608/90, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey; FHL microfilm 101,774,487.
↑Divorce Filing (No. 3108) between Jean MI and Alfred R Orage. National Archives (Kew, Surrey). Accessed 31 Jan 2020.
↑ 7.07.1 "United States Census, 1930," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X42Q-61C : accessed 9 July 2019), Alfred Orage, Manhattan (Districts 0251-0500), New York, New York, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 261, sheet 5A, line 31, family 113, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 1558; FHL microfilm 2,341,293.
↑ "England and Wales Census, 1891," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4Y8J-VT2 : 2 May 2019), Alfred J Orage in household of Sarah Ann Orage, Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire, England, United Kingdom; from "1891 England, Scotland and Wales census," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : n.d.); citing PRO RG 12, Huntingdonshire county, subdistrict, The National Archives of the UK, Kew, Surrey.
↑ Steele, Tom. "Alfred Orage and the Leeds Arts Club." As reviewed by Logie Barrow in History Workshop 35, Spring 1993, pp. 248–50.
↑ Crossen, John. "Pioneering arts institution honoured: blue plaque for Leeds Arts Club". Leeds Civic Trust Newsletter, June 2012, pp 1–2.
↑ Editors of Katherine Mansfield.org.uk. "Alfred Richard Orage." Katherine Mansfield. Accessed 20 Jul 2019.
↑ Editors of Gurdjieff Club. "Alfred Richard Orage." Gurdjieff Club. Accessed 20 Jul 2019.
↑ "New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1957," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KX9C-8WF : 12 March 2018), Alfred Richard Orage, 1925; citing Immigration, New York, New York, United States, NARA microfilm publication T715 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.).
↑ "New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1957," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24NQ-M7C : 12 March 2018), Alfred R Orage, 1930; citing Immigration, New York, New York, United States, NARA microfilm publication T715 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.).
↑ 'Death After Radio Talk.' The Sunderland Echo. Tuesday, 6 November 1934. Page 1.
↑ "England and Wales Death Registration Index 1837-2007," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVHJ-1WWM : 4 September 2014), Alfred R Orage, 1934; from "England & Wales Deaths, 1837-2006," database, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : 2012); citing Death, Hampstead, London, England, General Register Office, Southport, England.
↑ Camden History Society. "Search Results for Orage." The Parish Church of St John-at-Hampstead. Accessed 30 Jul 2019.
↑ "British Newspaper Archives, Obituaries," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q269-K3Q5 : 18 March 2018), Alfred Richard Orage, 06 Nov 1934; citing Obituary, Dundee, Angus-Shire, Scotland, United Kingdom, page 0006, Records extracted by FindMyPast and images digitized by FamilySearch. The British Library, London; FHL microfilm 102,001,326.
↑ "British Newspaper Archives, Obituaries," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q269-43KL : 18 March 2018), Alfred Richard Orage, 07 Nov 1934; citing Obituary, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom, page 0009, Records extracted by FindMyPast and images digitized by FamilySearch. The British Library, London; FHL microfilm 102,001,270.
↑ "British Newspaper Archives, Obituaries," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q269-43KL : 26 October 2019), Mr Alfred Richard Orage, 07 Nov 1934; citing Obituary, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom, page , Records extracted by FindMyPast and images digitized by FamilySearch. The British Library, London; FHL microfilm 102,001,270.
↑ "England and Wales, National Index of Wills and Administrations, 1858-1957," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QPLN-ZHLS : 17 September 2018), Alfred Richard Orage, 14 Mar 1935; citing Probate, Middlesex, England, United Kingdom, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, Great Britain.; FHL microfilm .
↑ 24.024.1 "Alfred Richard Orage." The London Gazette, Issue 34145 (29 March 1935), p. 2174.
See also:
Find A Grave, database and images (accessed 11 August 2019), memorial page for Alfred Richard Orage (22 Jan 1873–6 Nov 1934), Find A Grave: Memorial #22900, citing St John-at-Hampstead Churchyard, Hampstead, London Borough of Camden, Greater London, England ; Maintained by Find A Grave.
"Guild Socialism." The New York Herald, 22 October 1922, p. 29.
Gurdjieff International Review contributors. "Special Issue on A.R. Orage." Gurdjieff International Review, Spring 1998, vol. 1, no. 3.
Mairet, Philip (1966). A. R. Orage. University Books. p. 121.
"New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1957," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KX9C-8WF : 12 March 2018), Alfred Richard Orage, 1925; citing Immigration, New York, New York, United States, NARA microfilm publication T715 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.).
"New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1957," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24NQ-M7C : 12 March 2018), Alfred R Orage, 1930; citing Immigration, New York, New York, United States, NARA microfilm publication T715 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.).
Steele, Tom. Alfred Orage and the Leeds Art Club, 1893–1923. London: Orage Press, 2009.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Alfred Richard Orage: British Political Scientist and Editor". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. [1]. Accessed: 13 July 2019.
Facebook page related to AR Orage with more photographs.
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