Henry (Dunkeld) Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland (abt. 1114 - 1152)

Born about 1114 in Scotland

Ancestors

Husband of Ada (Warenne) Countess of Northumberland and Queen Mother of Scotland — married 1139 in England [uncertain]

Descendants

Died 12 Jun 1152 at about age 38 in Kelso, Roxburghshire, Scotland

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Henry (Dunkeld) Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland was a member of Scottish Nobility. Join: Scotland Project Discuss: Scotland

Biography

Henry of Scotland

Henry of Scotland was the second but oldest surviving son of David I, King of Scots, and his queen consort Maud Huntingdon. ^[1][2][3] His older brother, Malcolm, was strangled at the age of two.^[2][4] His two older sisters, Claricia and Hodierna, both died unmarried.^[5]

Henry succeeded his father as earl of Huntingdon in 1136.^[1][6] His mother had a hereditary claim to the earldom of Northumberland which King David demanded also be invested in Henry, but King Stephen refused to do so.^[6] Accordingly, in 1138 David sent his army into Yorkshire where he suffered an ignominious defeat at the Battle of the Standard with Henry, who had led the men of Cumberland and Teviotdale, barely escaping with his life.^[6] However, the heroic calvary charge which Henry led at the last minute on a flank of the English army (accompanied only by what was left of his father's bodyguard) was so much admired that when peace was restored in the spring of the following year, Stephen relented and did present him with Northumberland .^{[1][7] [8]}

Notable Events

Henry subsequently spent time at King Stephen's court, becoming a favorite there, and later accompanied Stephen to the seige of Ludlow. There Henry was nearly unhorsed by a grappling iron and would have been taken captive, but King Stephen fought off Henry's attackers and rescued him.^[6][8] It was during his sojourn at Stephen's court that Henry met his future bride, Ada de Warenne.^[8]

Henry was trained from the age of about fourteen to inherit the throne of Scotland, his name constantly linked with his father's in charters, and in a document dated 1144 he was styled "rex designatus" (king-designate).^[6] Coins were issued in his name at Bamburgh, Carlisle, and Corbridge.^[6] On 22 May 1149 he stood sponsor to Henry Plantagenet for his knighting.^[6] In 1150 he joined with his father to found a Cisterian house at Holmcultram, Cumberland for monks from Melrose Abbey.^[1][6]

Marriage and Children

Earl Henry married in 1139 Ada de Warenne, a daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd earl of Surrey and earl of Warenne, and Isabel de Vermandois.^[1][2] There were at least six children from this marriage: [see research notes]

• Malcolm IV, King of Scots; b. 20 Mar 1141;^[9][10] d. 9 Dec 1214^[11][12]

• Ada Dunkeld; b. bef. 1143^[13] m. 28 Aug 1162 Floris III, count of Holland^[14][15]

• William I, King of Scots; b. c.1143;^[3][16] m. 5 Sep 1189 Ermengarde Beaumont;^[16][17] d. 4 Dec 1214^[18][19]

• David Dunkeld, earl of Huntingdon; b. c.1144^[2][3] m. 26 Aug 1190 Maud Chester;^[3][2] d. 17 Jun 1219^[2][3]

• Margaret (or Margery) Dunkeld; b. c.1145^[20][21] m(1) 1160 Conan IV, duke of Brittany and earl of Richmond;^[3][14][22] m(2) Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford^[3][14]

• Maud (or Matilda) Dunkeld; b. aft. 1146;^[21] died unmarried in 1152^{[23][24][14][25]}

Death

Henry, earl of Northumberland, died 12 June 1152, aged (about) 37 years, and was buried at Kelso Abbey in Roxburghshire.^[26][1][27] Contemporary historians in both England and Scotland lamented the earl's early death and praised him as "all that is excellent in a knight, a prince, and a man."^[8] Henry's death turned out to be a heavy blow to Scotland, as the following year his father, King David, also died and Henry's eldest son Malcolm, not an experienced heir but a boy only eleven years of age, succeeded his grandfather as King of Scots.^[6][8] His widow, the Countess Ada, granted a toft in Haddington to Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, for the soul of her husband, Earl Henry.^[1]

Research Notes

Posssible fourth daughter of Henry and Ada

• Douglas Richardson discusses briefly the possiblity of a fourth daughter whose name is unknown, who in 1168 was offered in marriage to an unnamed son of Guglielmo V, marquis of Monferrato, and whose history is unknown.^[28] As evidence of this daughter's existence, Richardson cites Giles, Joannis Saresberiensis postea episcopi Carnotensis Opera Omnia, vol. 2 (1848), p. 131; and Millor, Letters of John of Salisbury, vol. 2 (1979), p. 555. Unfortunately neither of these sources appear to be available online. Because virtually nothing is known about this possible daughter (even the suggested marriage cannot be confirmed) and no other historians include any mention of her, she has not been included in the list of children on this profile. Stevens-17832 16:00, 30 September 2021 (UTC)

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6} Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, pp. 580-583 SCOTLAND 3. Henry of Scotland.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5} Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), pp. 64-65.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6} Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scotts Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, pp. 4-5.
4. ↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scotts Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 3.
5. ↑ Orderic Vitalis, iii. 402-403, bk. viii. c.22, also 403, note 1, cited in Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 64.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8} Stringer, Keith. Henry, earl of Northumberland. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online edition (23 Sep 2004), rv. 25 May 2006, available here by subscription.
7. ↑ Cawley, Charles. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Medieval Lands database. Chapter 3,Henry of Scotland.
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4} Norgate, Kate. Dictionary of National Biography Online, vol. 26, Henry of Scotland.
9. ↑ Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 582 SCOTLAND 3.i. Malcolm IV.
10. ↑ Stevenson, J. (ed). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: the Societatis Edinburgensis (1835), [Anno m.c.xlj.Eclipfis facta eft xxij. kalendas Aprilis [Mar 20] et atus eft rex Melcolmus.], p. 72.
11. ↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 73.
12. ↑ Stevenson, J. (ed). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: the Societatis Edinburgensis (1835),[A.D. 1165: ...Obit pie memorie Malcolmus rex Scotorum apud Gedewurt, v. idus Decembris [Dec 9] quod evenit v.^o feria, anno etatis fuae xx^ov^o, regnique ejus anno xij.^k. cujus corpus honorifice ab omnibus perfonis ufque ad Dunfermelin delatum fepelitur; cui fucceffit Willelmus frater ejus, in virgilia natalis Domini [Dec 24] , more regio elevatus in regnum.], p. 80.
13. ↑ Ritchie, R.L.G. The Normans in Scotland. Edinburgh (1954), cited in Chandler, Victoria. “Ada de Warenne, Queen Mother of Scotland (c. 1123-1178).” The Scottish Historical Review 60, no. 170 (1981), p. 123, available at jstor.
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3} Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 68.
15. ↑ Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 3, p. 299 HOLLAND 4. Ada of Scotland.
16. ↑ ^{16.0 16.1} Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 583 SCOTLAND 4. William the Lion.
17. ↑ Scott, W.W. Ermengarde (Ermengarde de Beaumont). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online, 23 Sep 2004, available here by subscription.
18. ↑ Skene, William F. John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish Nation. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1862), Annals, XXVIII, pp 274-275.
19. ↑ Skene, William F. Chronicles of the Picts and Scots. Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House (1867), p. 175.
20. ↑ Reported to be (approximately) forty years old in 1185 in Rotuli de Dominabus et Pueris et Puellis de Donatione Regis in XII Comitatibus'[1185], Stacey Grimaldi (ed). London (1830). pp. 4, 62.
21. ↑ ^{21.0 21.1} Chandler, Victoria. “Ada de Warenne, Queen Mother of Scotland (c. 1123-1178).” The Scottish Historical Review 60, no. 170 (1981), p. 123, available at jstor.
22. ↑ Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 583 SCOTLAND 3.v. Margaret of Scotland.
23. ↑ Riley, Henry T. (ed). The Annals of Roger de Hoveden. London: H.G. Bohn (1853), "In the same year [1152], Henry, earl of Northumberia, son of David, king of the Scots, and Matilda, his daughter, departed this life", vol. 1, p. 252.
24. ↑ Stevenson, J. (ed). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: the Societatis Edinburgensis (1835), sub A.D. 1152: "Obiit Henricus comes Norhimbrorum, filius regis David Scottorum, et Matildis filia ejus." p. 74.
25. ↑ Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 582 SCOTLAND 3.iv. Maud of Scotland.
26. ↑ Wharton, Henry. Anglia Sacra. London: Richard Chiswel (1691), Chronicon Sanctae Crucis Edinburgensis, sub A.D. 1152: "Obiit Henricus Comes Northanhumborum filius David Regis Scotiae secundo Idus Junii [12 June]." p. 161.
27. ↑ Chron. S. Crucis Edinb., p.31, Bannatyne Club, cited in Norgate, Kate. Dictionary of National Biography Online, vol. 26, Henry of Scotland.
28. ↑ Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 583 SCOTLAND 3.vii. __________ of Scotland.

See also:

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 5, p. 274 VERMANDOIS 5.iv.iii. Ada de Warenne.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 1, pp. 542-544 BRITTANY 5. Conan IV.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 1, pp. 404-406 BOHUN 4. Humphrey de Bohun.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol.3, p. 299 HOLLAND 4. Ada of Scotland.

• Wikipedia: Henry of Scotland