Humphrey (Bohun) de Bohun (abt. 1248 - 1298)

Born about Sep 1248 in England

Ancestors

Descendants

Died 31 Dec 1298 at about age 50 in Pleshey, Essex, England

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Biography

Humphrey (Bohun) de Bohun is a member of the House of Bohun.

Birth

Humphrey de Bohun was the son of Sir Humphrey de Bohun (d. 1265) and Eleanor de Brewes/Braose^[1] (d. 1263).^[2][3] He was born about September 1248 (he was 18 and a half years old on 26 March 1267).^[4][5]

Marriage and Children

He married Maud de Fiennes between June and July 1275 ("married by agreement dated 15/20 June 1275 and before 20 July 1275", date of grant).^[4] Their children were:

• Humphrey de Bohun (c.1276-1321/2), married Elizabeth of England^[6]
• Maud de Bohun, a legatee in her brother Humphrey's will of 1319^[4]

Humphrey de Bohun also had an illegitimate son, John de Hereford, a cleric.^[4]

Life

While his grandfather Humphrey de Bohun (c.1200-1275) was alive, he was deputy Constable of England. The office of Constable was hereditary, and he inherited it, along with his grandfather's titles and estates, on his grandfather's death. He became 7th Earl of Hereford and 8th Earl of Essex. From his mother he inherited an interest in the Welsh Marches, but he had to fight in the 1270s to secure it, and it was not until 1276 that he recovered Brecon from the Welsh.^[3][4]

He took part in Edward I's wars in Wales and Scotland. He refused pay, regarding it as part of his feudal obligations as Constable of England.^[3][4]

The 1280s were a period of bad relations with neighbouring Marcher Lords, including John Giffard and the Earl of Gloucester (Lord of Glamorgan), with raids and counter raids, and complaints when he was ordered to serve under the Earl of Gloucester in 1282. At the beginning of the 1290s, Edward I commanded Humphrey de Bohun and the Earl of Gloucester to appear before a royal tribunal; in January 1292 the two barons were sentenced to imprisonment by Parliament, and their lands of Brecon and Glamorgan were confiscated. Humphrey de Bohun paid 1000 marks to secure his freedom and Brecon was restored to him in July 1292.^[2][3]

In 1297, he escorted Edward I's daughter Elizabeth and her first husband Johann, Count of Holland on their journey from England following their marriage.^[4] (Elizabeth was subsequently to marry his son Humphrey.) That same year he and Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, refused to serve in military operations in Gascony. He and other barons prepared a set of Remonstrances complaining about the demands Edward I was making for his foreign wars. When in August 1297 Edward I sought to raise taxes to finance his war operations, Humphrey de Bohun and Roger Bigod used armed force to stop him doing so. Edward I was forced to make concessions, and Humphrey and Roger were given royal pardons. Shortly after, the Scots invaded the North of England, and they went north to oppose them.^[2][3]

Death

Humphrey de Bohun died on 31 December 1298 at Pleshey, Essex, England, and was buried at Walden Abbey, Essex.^[2][4]

The Writ for the Inquisition of Humphrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford and Essex was dated 07 Jan, 27 Edward I [1298/1299]. He was seised of lands in Middlesex, Essex, Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, and Wales. He had died at the manor of Plassetis [Pleshey] on the eve of the Circumcision. Humphrey his son, age given as either 22 or 23, was his next heir.^[7]

Sources

1. ↑ Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd edition (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011), volume I, page 234 BOHUN 3.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3} G E Cokayne. Complete Peerage, revised and enlarged, Vol. VI, St Catherine Press 1926, pp. 463-466: HEREFORD VII
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4} Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry for 'Humphrey de, third earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex', print and online 2004, available online through some libraries
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7} Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, I:237-239 BOHUN 4.
5. ↑ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), volume I, pages 418-9 BOHUN 8 and page 473 BOULOGNE 8.ii.i.
6. ↑ Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, I:239 BOHUN 5.
7. ↑ 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward I, File 92', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 3, Edward I, ed. J.E.E.S. Sharp and A.E. Stamp (London, 1912), pp. 422-436. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/inquis-post-mortem/vol3/pp422-436 [accessed 2 September 2019]. Item 552.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author, 2013. See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.
• Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City: the author, 2011. See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
• Cokayne, G E. Complete Peerage, revised and enlarged, Vol. VI, St Catherine Press 1926
• Cawley, Charles. Humphrey VII de Bohun, entry in "Medieval Lands, A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families" © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for MedLands.
• Waugh, Scott L. (2004). "Bohun, Humphrey (VI) de, third earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex (c.1249–1298)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press (available online via some libraries)
• Marlyn Lewis
• Wikipedia::Humphrey_de_Bohun,_3rd_Earl_of_Hereford
• The History of Kington, by "a member of the Mechanics' Institute of Kington", pub. Charles Humphreys, Kington, 1845, pp.261-268, Google Books: "Inquisition of the several lands and tenements of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, made after his death..."
• For additional information about early baronies, see the top-level category page Early English Feudal Baronies. Individual category pages (links below) should include information specific to the category.

Acknowledgements

Magna Carta Project

Humphrey (Bohun) de Bohun is a descendant of Magna Carta Surety Baron Henry de Bohun, appearing in trails badged by the Magna Carta Project to the following Gateway Ancestors:

• Mary Bourchier: badged 5 July 2019. See trail HERE.
• Coytemore Gateways (Elizabeth and Thomas): badged in 2019. See the trails HERE.
• John Fisher: badged in 2015 and re-reviewed in April 2020. See the trail HERE.
• Thomas Lloyd: trail badged in December 2021, see it HERE.
• Manwaring Gateways (Oliver and Mary): badged, re-reviewed in February 2024. See the trail HERE.
• Richard Palgrave: trails badged 19 March 2021. See them HERE.
• Amy Wyllys: badged 11 Apr 2021 is set out HERE.

See Base Camp for more information about Magna Carta trails. See the project's Glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".