Justus Nussbaum
Privacy Level: Open (White)

Justus Nussbaum (1901 - abt. 1944)

Justus Nussbaum
Born in Osnabrück, Hannover, Preußen, Deutsches Reichmap
Ancestors ancestors
Son of and
Brother of
Husband of — married 1 Jul 1930 (to 6 Sep 1944) in Oberhausen, Rheinprovinz, Preußen, Deutsches Reichmap
Father of
Died about at about age 43 in Konzentrationslager Stutthof, Stutthof, Danzig, Danzigmap
Problems/Questions Profile manager: Sven Elbert private message [send private message]
Profile last modified | Created 14 Dec 2023
This page has been accessed 96 times.

Biography

Deutsches Reich
Justus Nussbaum was born in the German Empire.
Justus Nussbaum died as a result of persecution during the Holocaust.

Justus Nussbaum was born on 1 March 1901 in Osnabrück, Hannover, Preußen, Deutsches Reich, son of Philipp Nussbaum (1872–1944) and Rahel van Dyk (1873–1944).[1]

Justus had a brother, the famous painter Felix Nussbaum (born 11 December 1904).

Justus (29) married Sofie Herta Bein (20) (born on 7 January 1910 in Oberhausen, Rheinprovinz, Preußen, Deutsches Reich) on 1 July 1930 in Oberhausen, Rheinprovinz.[1] Their daughter Marianne Nussbaum was born on 6 April 1935.[1]

Justus' father, Philipp Nussbaum, was the co-owner of an iron trading company by the name of "Eisenhandelsgesellschaft Gossels u. Co." in Osnabrück. He owned the business together with Simon Gossels, and Justus and Simon's son Alfred helped out.

As the NSDAP got into power in 1933 they started their destructive work, among the first actions was a boycott of Jewish businesses. In the same year, Justus and Alfred undertook an information journey to Palestine. They were cousins and perhaps they wanted to emigrate early, but that did not work out. After their return to Osnabrück, they continued the business of their parents. In 1933, Justus' parents travelled as retirees to Switzerland, passing their stake in the business to Justus.

Justus and Alfred Gossels ran the iron trading and car recycling company "Eisenhandelsgesellschaft Gossels u. Co." up until 1937 at Große Hamkenstraße 4[2] (which is situated today in Osnabrück's shopping centre).[3]

On 2 July 1937, Justus and his wife emigrated with their young daughter to Amsterdam.[4] Since Alfred Gossels emigrated at the same time, they were able to run the Wemeta Company in Amsterdam, a scrap metal business, which had already been opened in 1936. In running the business, they were joined by another partner, Paul Jonas. In 1937, the original Wemeta building was on Klosterstraat 23[5] before it moved to Molenk. 44 Duivendrecht[6] [7] where it was listed in 1938 and 1939.

Wemeta was specialising in the dismantling and recycling of gas meters from the Netherlands, Belgium and several Scandinavian countries. The company developed special techniques to dismantle the meters and regain the metals used. Several workers were trained for this special task. Paul Jonas was the older and more senior partner, a more experienced businessman from Cologne. Nussbaum and Gossels were rather hands-on with experience from the business in Osnabrück, but equipped with the energy of their youth.

In 1940, or a little bit before, they moved the business to Prinseneiland 32a[8], where it continued to operate for several years.[9][10][11]

After the Nazi occupation of The Netherlands in May 1940, their business was used for metal smelting by the German armaments industry. Michael Sommer became the trustee of the firm and worked on the Nazi's Vierjahresplan[12] This provided some protection for Justus Nussbaum for a while.

The Amsterdam archives show additional information on the whereabouts of the family in the city - below are the notes up until August 1941:[1]

  1. 26 August 1937: ASD Schledplen 16 I
  2. 2 June 1938: N(oor)d(er) Amstellaan 168 3h
  3. 28 August 1941: PB11518

On 17 June 1943, Michael Sommer wrote a letter to Hanns Albin Rauter, one of the highest-ranking SS officers in the Occupied Netherlands, asking Rauter to assist with the emigration of eleven Jews to Portugal: Alfred Gossels, Justus Nussbaum and his father Philipp Nussbaum (who had returned from Switzerland to Cologne, and emigrated to Amsterdam post the 1938-Progromnacht) were among them.

But on 28 July 1943, Justus Nussbaum was arrested. And the next two locations of Nussbaum's family in the Amsterdam archives continue with August 1943:[1]

  1. 26 August 1943: Hofmeyrstr(aat) 4 II
  2. 15 December 1943: WESTERBORK Lager.

Thus, ultimately Justus, Sofie Herta, and their daughter Marianne were deported to Westerbork.[4]

Amsterdam's Judenrat had its role to play as well, as Justus Nussbaum was listed in their index card number 2128/4 with his name, his birth date, his profession manufacturer, his wife Sofie Nussbaum-Bein (born 7 January 1910) and their daughter Marianne. It contains a stamp "4. Aug. 1942", and the notes:

  1. 27-8-43 Hofmeyrstr.(aat) 4.II (suggesting their residence was Hofmeyrstraat 4, flat II from 27 August 1943 onwards),
  2. WBK B62 4.11.43 (suggesting Westerbork block 62 as of 4 November 1943),
  3. 25.4.44 nach WBK (unclear - WBK = Westerbork?) and
  4. in red ink S 3-9-'44 [13]

This red note suggests that the family was on the very last extermination transport that left from Westerbork to Auschwitz.

His wife Sofie Berta and his daughter Marianne were murdered in Auschwitz on 6 September 1944 (three days after the red mark on their Judenrat card 3-8-44).


Marianne was only nine years old.


Justus Nussbaum, however, was transferred to the Stutthof concentration camp during the evacuation of Auschwitz and was murdered there.[4]

There is also a personnel file for Justus Nussbaum, born in Osnabrück on 1 March 1904 (sic! should be 1901; his brother was born 1904) from Stutthof concentration camp under Totenliste Nr. 582/XII/44 that describes his last known residence as Amsterdam, Noorder-Amstellaan 168 and his profession as a metal melter and sorting worker.[14]

Justus Nussbaum, according to Nazi documentation, allegedly deceased in Lager-Block 13 at 6:50 a.m. on 7 December 1944 of a general cardiac insufficiency.[14][15] His corpse, allegedly in good physical condition, bearing the number B-9274, was inspected on 8 December 1944 by Lagerarzt SS-Obersturmführer Franz Bernhard Lucas to attest that there were no known circumstances that suggest that the death was caused by a criminal offence.[14] The cremation was ordered and signed by SS-Sturmbannführer und Kommandant Paul Werner Hoppe to be executed in 24 hours and the body was still cremated on 8 December 1944.[14] Furthermore, the Häftlings-Personal-Karte shows that he was married to a Herta N., residing with him in Noorder-Amstellaan 18, Amsterdam, one child, as being sent to the Stutthof from Auschwitz on 28 October 1944 for unknown reasons and with no criminal record.

Tributes

In 2016, the 14-year-olf Abigail Mathew created a German documentary film, titled Flucht 1937 – Wer half Justus Nussbaum? (engl.: Exodus 1937 - Who assisted Justus Nussbaum?). The film highlights the displacement of Alfred Gossels, Auguste Minna Thormann, Justus Nussbaum his wife Sofie Herta and their daughter Marianne in July 1937 from Osnabrück to Amsterdam.[16][17] A trailer is on YouTube.[18]


Sources

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Bronvermelding Archiefkaarten, archiefnummer 30238, inventarisnummer 597 Gemeente: Amsterdam Periode: 1939-1960, https://archief.amsterdam/archief/30238/597 - Geregistreerde Justus Nussbaum geboren 01-03-1901 Diversen: Overleden: Ja, https://archief.amsterdam/indexen/deeds/98533402-347f-56a3-e053-b784100ade19?person=98533402-3480-56a3-e053-b784100ade19
  2. ↑ Google Maps: Große Hamkenstraße 4, Osnabrück
  3. ↑ Adreßbuch der Stadt und des Landkreises Osnabrück 1937/1938: "Adreßbuch der Stadt und des Landkreises Osnabrück 1937/1938"
    1. Adreß- und Wohnungsanzeiger. Straßen- und Häuserverzeichnis
    Ancestry Sharing Link (free access)
    Ancestry Image (subscription required, accessed 5 January 2024)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Junk, Peter; Sellmeyer Martina: Stationen auf dem Weg nach Auschwitz: Entrechtung, Vertreibung, Vernichtung. Juden in Osnabrück. 1900-1945. Ein Gedenkbuch. Herausgegeben von der Stadt Osnabrück, Rasch Verlag,Bramsche, 2. Auflage, 1989, p. 298.
  5. ↑ "Naamlijst voor den interlocalen telefoondienst 1937 . jan.1937". [PTT,1937. Geraadpleegd op Delpher op 05-01-2024, https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMMVC01:000000030:00031
  6. ↑ "Naamlijst voor den interlocalen telefoondienst 1937 . jan.1937". [PTT,1937. Geraadpleegd op Delpher op 05-01-2024, https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMMVC01:000000030:00031
  7. ↑ "Naamlijst voor den interlocalen telefoondienst 1939 . jan.1939". [PTT,1939. Geraadpleegd op Delpher op 05-01-2024, https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMMVC01:000000032:00037
  8. ↑ Gemeente Amsterdam Staadsarchief: VHBI00186, Jaar : 1940, Source: https://archief.amsterdam/inventarissen/file/07930b1a-5f18-1856-b2cf-4695d1683f33
  9. ↑ "Naamlijst voor den interlocalen telefoondienst 1940 . jan.1940". [PTT,1940. Geraadpleegd op Delpher op 05-01-2024, https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMMVC01:000000033:00005
  10. ↑ "Naamlijst voor den interlocalen telefoondienst 1941 . jan.1941". [PTT,1941. Geraadpleegd op Delpher op 05-01-2024, https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMMVC01:000000034:00037
  11. ↑ "Naamlijst voor den interlocalen telefoondienst 1942 . jan.1942". [PTT,1942. Geraadpleegd op Delpher op 05-01-2024, https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMMVC01:000000035:00030
  12. ↑ https://www.archieven.nl/nl/zoeken?mivast=0&mizig=210&miadt=298&miaet=1&micode=095&minr=1559858&miview=inv2
  13. ↑ Arolsen Archives: 1 Inhaftierungsdokumente / 1.2 Verschiedenes / 1.2.4 Verschiedene Organisationen / 1.2.4.2 Karteikarten aus der Kartothek des Judenrats in Amsterdam / DocID: 130348456 (Justus NUSSBAUM) digital image, accessed 14 December 2023.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Arolsen Archives: 1 Inhaftierungsdokumente / 1.1 Lager und Ghettos / 1.1.41 Konzentrationslager Stutthof / 1.1.41.2 Individuelle Unterlagen Stutthof / Individuelle Häftlings Unterlagen - KL Stutthof / Akten mit Namen ab NOWIKOW / DocID: 4584448 (JUSTUS NUSSBAUM) digital file, accessed 14 December 2023.
  15. ↑ Memorial: Find a Grave (no image)
    Find A Grave: Memorial #109405401 (accessed 5 January 2024)
    Memorial page for Justus Nussbaum (1 Mar 1901-12 Jul 1944); Maintained by Tina D. (contributor 49999675).
  16. ↑ German Wikipedia: Flucht 1937, accessed 5 January 2024.
  17. ↑ TAZ: Über die Grenze Online version, accessed 5 January 2024.
  18. ↑ YouTube: Trailer Flucht 1937 deutsch, accessed 5 January 2024.




Is Justus your ancestor? Please don't go away!
 star icon Login to collaborate or comment, or
 star icon contact private message the profile manager, or
 star icon ask our community of genealogists a question.
Sponsored Search by Ancestry.com

DNA
No known carriers of Justus's DNA have taken a DNA test. Have you taken a test? If so, login to add it. If not, see our friends at Ancestry DNA.
Images: 1
Photo Justus Nussbaum (child)
Photo Justus Nussbaum (child)


Comments

Leave a message for others who see this profile.
There are no comments yet.
Login to post a comment.

Featured Asian and Pacific Islander connections: Justus is 51 degrees from 今上 天皇, 41 degrees from Adrienne Clarkson, 42 degrees from Dwight Heine, 49 degrees from Dwayne Johnson, 45 degrees from Tupua Tamasese Lealofioaana, 44 degrees from Stacey Milbern, 42 degrees from Sono Osato, 56 degrees from 乾隆 愛新覺羅, 48 degrees from Ravi Shankar, 45 degrees from Taika Waititi, 39 degrees from Penny Wong and 43 degrees from Chang Bunker on our single family tree. Login to see how you relate to 33 million family members.

N  >  Nussbaum  >  Justus Nussbaum

Categories: Jewish Roots | Stutthof Concentration Camp Victims | Osnabrück, Niedersachsen | Amsterdam, The Netherlands | Westerbork Transit Camp Prisoners