Robert (Bruce) Lord of Annandale and Earl of Carrick jure uxoris (abt. 1243 - bef. 1304)

Born about Jul 1243 in Writtle, Essex, England

Ancestors

Husband of Marjorie (Carrick) Countess of Carrick — married about 1271 in Scotland [uncertain]

Descendants

Died before 4 Apr 1304 before about age 60 in England

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Robert (Bruce) Lord of Annandale and Earl of Carrick jure uxoris was a prominent member of a Scottish Clan. Join: Scotland Project Discuss: Scotland

Biography

Robert (Bruce) Lord of Annandale and Earl of Carrick jure uxoris is Notable.

Robert (Bruce) Lord of Annandale and Earl of Carrick jure uxoris is a member of House of Bruce.

Earl of Carrick, Lord of Annandale, Sheriff of Cumberland, Governor of Carlisle Castle

Family and Early Career

Robert de Brus, Knt., born in July 1243, probably at Writtle, Essex, was the son and heir of Robert de Bruce, Knt., by his first wife,^[1] Isabel de Clare, daughter of Magna Carta surety Gilbert de Clare.^[2]

In 1262 Robert entered the service of King Henry III of England, and in 1262 he and his younger brother, Richard, joined the king's son Edward on a crusade to the Holy Land.^[2] On his return he met and married Marjorie Carrick, the widow of one of his fellow crusaders, Adam de Kilconquhar, who had been killed in Palestine in 1271.^[3]

In 1277 he served as King Alexander III's special envoy to England, performing the king of Scots homage by proxy at Westminster for the lands Alexander held in England.^[2][3] The oath and the following questions and replies during this procedure were spoken only in French (the language used for all diplomatic proceedings in Edward I's court), indicating that Robert had been well educated in the language spoken by his Norman forebears.^[4]

He served in the Welsh campaigns in 1277 and 1282, and again swore fealty to Edward I in 1291.^[2][3]

Later Years

Perhaps in an effort to avoid having to swear fealty to King John Balliol, whose claim to the throne of Scotland he never considered superior to his own, after Marjorie's death in 1292 Bruce resigned the earldom of Carrick to his eldest son,Robert.^[5][2] That same year he traveled to Norway with his oldest daughter, Isabel, for her marriage to King Eric I of Norway,^[2] returning to England in 1295 after his father's death to accept receipt of his inheritance.^[3] On 6 October of that year he was appointed governor of Carlisle Castle.^[6][7]

The following year, renewing his fealty to Edward I, he fought at both Berwick and Dunbar on the side of the English.^[3] Once more petitioning Edward to reward his service by giving him the Scottish throne, he was rebuffed by the English king and withdrew permanently to his estates in England.^[8][9]

Marriage to Marjory Carrick

Robert married (first) about 1273 to Marjory (or Margaret) of Carrick, suo jure Countess of Carrick,^{[10] [1][11]} widow of Adam de Kilconquhar, Earl of Carrick, and eldest daughter and heiress of Neil, Earl of Carrick, and his wife, Isabel.^[2] Although this marriage was said to be a love match, the acquisition (by the marriage) of the Carrick estates doubled Robert Bruce's income in Scotland, and the rank of earl was only the third such title held in Scotland by a family of Norman origin.^[12] There were five sons and five daughters from this marriage:

• Robert Bruce, Knt., Earl of Carrick and afterwards King Robert I of Scotland, b. 11 July 1274;^[13][14] m(1) c1295 Isabella of Mar;^[15][16] m(2) 1302 Elizabeth de Burgh^[17][16] d. 7 June 1329^[18][1]
• Neil Bruce, Knt., was taken captive by the English and put to death in 1306.^[19][2]
• [Master] Alexander Bruce, Dean of Glasgow, executed with his brother, Thomas, by King Edward I on 17 February 1307.^[2][20]
• Thomas Bruce, executed with his brother, Alexander, by King Edward I on 17 February 1307.^[2][21]
• Edward Bruce, Knt., Lord of Galloway, Earl of Carrick, King of Ireland, m.Isabel de Strathbogie;^[22] died at the Battle of Dundalk 14 October 1318^[22]
• Isabel Bruce, m. bef Sep 1293 to Eric II Magnusson, King of Norway^[23][2]
• Christian Bruce, m(1)Gratney, earl of Mar ;^[24] m(2) Sir Christopher de Seton;^[24] m(3) aft 12 Oct 1326 Sir Andrew de Moray;^[2][25] d. c1357^[26]
• Maud Bruce, m. c1308 Hugh, 4th Earl of Ross;^[2][25] d. bef 1329^[25]
• Mary Bruce, m(1) Sir Neil Campbell of Lochow;^[24] m(2) c 1316 Sir Alexander Fraser, Chamberlain of Scotland;^[2][27]
• Margaret Bruce, m. Sir William de Carlyle;^[24][2] d. bef 22 Sep 1323^[28]

Marjory died died before 9 November 1292.^[2][3]

Marriage to Maud Fitz Alan

Robert married (second) by license dated 19 September 1295^[29][3] to Maud Fitz Alan, widow of Philip Burnell, Knt., and daughter of John FitzAlan and Isabel, daughter of Roger de Mortimer. They had no children and were divorced before 6 May 1299,^[2] when Maud filed several lawsuits to recover her dower rights in both Norfolk and Staffordshire.^[30]

Maud married (third) before 19 June 1316 Simon de Criketot.^[31]

Marriage to Alianora (Unknown)

Robert married, third, to Eleanor/Alianora _____, who is mentioned in 1305 as his widow.^{[32] [2]} They had no issue.^[2]

Death and Burial

Robert died, aged 60, before 4 April 1304^[33][1] in England, while on his way to Annandale.^[2] He was buried at Holm Cultram Abbey, Cumberland.^[1][2][34]

His widow remarried before 8 February 1305/6 to Sir Richard le Waleys^[1] and there were two sons from this marriage. Eleanor died before 8 September 1331.^[1][2]

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6} Cokayne, George Edward and Vicary Gibbs ed. Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Vol. II: Bass - Canning, 2nd edition (London, 1912). Online at Archive.org, p. 360.
2. ↑ ^{2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21} Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd edition (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011), vol. III, pages 520-528 SCOTLAND 4.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6} Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City, UT: the author (2013), vol. 1, pp. 596-599 BRUS 7. Robert de Brus
4. ↑ Ingham, R. The Persistence of Anglo-Norman 1230-1362: A Linguistic Perspective, in J. Wogan-Browne (ed) Language and Culture in Medieval Britain: the French of England, c1100-c1500. York: (2009), pp. 44-54, and cited in Penman, Michael. Robert the Bruce. New Haven: Yale University Press (2018), pp. 16, 340 fn 21.
5. ↑ Patent Rolls, 20 Edw. I. M. 4, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol.2, p.432.
6. ↑ Stevenson, Joseph. Documents Illustrative of the History of Scotland. Edinburgh: H.M. General Reg. House (1870), vol 2, pp. 6-7.
7. ↑ Patent Rolls, 23 Edw. I. M. 5, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 432.
8. ↑ Duncan, A.A.M. Brus [Bruce], Robert de, earl of Carrick and lord of Annandale. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online edition (23 Sep 2004, rv 4 Oct 2008), available here by subscription.
9. ↑ Skene, Felix J.H. (ed) John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish Nation. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1872), p. 319, no. xciv.
10. ↑ Stevenson, J. Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: by the Society of Edinburgh (1835), P. 219. "Obiit Adam de Kilconcath, comes de Karryc, in Acconia, cujus uxo- rem, comitilTam de Karryc, poftea junior Robertus de Bruys accepit fibi in fponfam."
11. ↑ Paul, James Balfour. "The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom", Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1905, Vol. II, p. 432
12. ↑ Penman, Michael. Robert the Bruce. New Haven: Yale University Press (2018), p. 14.
13. ↑ Skene, Felix J (ed). John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish Nation. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1892), pp. 311-312, LXVI - LXVIII.
14. ↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald Hamilton. Scottish Kings; A Revised Chronology of Scottish History, 1005-1625. (Edinburgh: D. Douglas, (1899), pp. 126-127.
15. ↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald Hamilton. Scottish Kings; A Revised Chronology of Scottish History, 1005-1625. (Edinburgh: D. Douglas, (1899), p. 127.
16. ↑ ^{16.0 16.1} Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author (2013), vol. 1, p. 605-607 BRUS 8.Robert de Brus.
17. ↑ Dunbar, Sir Archibald Hamilton. Scottish Kings; A Revised Chronology of Scottish History, 1005-1625. (Edinburgh: D. Douglas, (1899), p. 128.
18. ↑ Skene, Felix J (ed). John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish Nation. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1872), p. 345, CXLIII.
19. ↑ Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 433.
20. ↑ Langtoft, ii. 336, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 433.
21. ↑ Chancery Miscellaneous Portfolios, no 11, Brit. Museum Add. MSS. 923, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 433.
22. ↑ ^{22.0 22.1} Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author (2013), vol. 1, p. 600-601 BRUS 7.v. Edward de Brus.
23. ↑ Bain, Joseph (ed). Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland. London: HM Public Records Office (1884), vol. 2, pp. 158-159, no. 675.
24. ↑ ^{24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3} Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 434.
25. ↑ ^{25.0 25.1 25.2} Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 435.
26. ↑ Fordun à Goodall, ii. 369, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 435.
27. ↑ Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author (2013), vol. 1, p. 604 BRUS 7.ix. Mary de Brus.
28. ↑ Lord Saltoun. The Frasers of Philorth. i. 69-72, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 2, p. 434.
29. ↑ Calendar of the Patent Rolls... London: H.M. Public Record Office (1891), Edw. 3, p. 147 19 Sep Canterbury.
30. ↑ Rye. Some Rough Materials for a History of the Hundred of North Erpingham. (1883), vol. 1, pp. 82-84; Wrottesley. Staffordshire Suits: Plea Rolls. Colls. Hist. Staffs, vol. 7(1) (1886), pp. 51-52, cited in Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 1, p.597 fn 52 BRUS 7. Robert de Brus
31. ↑ Desc. Cat. Ancient Deeds, (1902), vol. 4, pp. 85-86, cited in Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 1, p.597 fn 52 BRUS 7. Robert de Brus
32. ↑ Bain, Joseph (ed). Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland. London: HM Public Records Office (1884), vol. 2, p. 465, no. 1720 and p. 472, no. 1750.
33. ↑ Bain, Joseph (ed). Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland. London: HM Public Records Office (1884), vol. 2, p. 388, no. 1493.
34. ↑ Chron. Guisborough, 363; Cal. Docs. Scot. ii. no. 1493, cited in Duncan, A.A.M. The Bruces of Annandale, 1100-1304. Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society. Dumfries: by the Council of the Society, 3rd ser. (1994), vol. LXIX, p. 99.

See also:

• Kerr, Robert. History of Scotland During the Reign of Robert I. Edinburgh: Forgotten Books (1811), vol. 1, pp. xxv-xlix.

• MacDonald, William Rae. Scottish Armorial Seals. Edinburgh: William Green and Sons (1904), p. 31, nos. 275-278.

• Mackay, A.J.G. "Bruce, Robert (1253-1304)" in Dictionary of National Biography (London, U.K.: Smith, Elder & Company, 1908), volume III, page 116-117. Online at WikiSource.

• Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011). See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013). See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry.

• Surtees, Robert. The History of the County Palatine of Durham. Sunderland: Hills and Co. (1908), vol 3, pp. 85-88.

• Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999).

• Wikipedia: Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale.

• Wikidata: Item Q1772833, en:Wikipedia

Magna Carta Project

This profile is in a trail badged by the Magna Carta Project.

This profile was re-reviewed and approved for the Magna Carta project by Thiessen-117 3 March 2020

Robert de Brus is a descendant of Magna Carta surety barons Gilbert de Clare and Richard de Clare in trails badged by the Magna Carta Project to the following Gateway Ancestors:

• Barclay Gateways (Robert and John) (MCA I:94-101 BARCLAY): trail re-developed, badged 22 June 2021. See the trail HERE.
• Patrick Houston (MCA II:403-407 HOUSTON): trail is set out HERE.
• Alexander Spotswood: badged in 2023. See the trail HERE.
• Robert de Brus also appears in a trail badged 11 December 2023 (not documented by Richardson) from Magna Carta Surety Baron Gilbert de Clare to Margaret and Catherine Duncanson. This trail is set out in the Magna Carta trails section of Margaret Duncanson's Profile.

See Base Camp for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".