Starting point is that you have her birth date and where she was born in Quebec. With that information, you can probably figure out what Catholic Church parish that location was in and then browse the Catholic Church registers (images on Family Search) to find her baptismal record. That should give you her parents' names.
Next, you hunt for her marriage record as marriage records usually list the parents of the bride and groom which will help you make sure you get the right one.
Marriages usually occurred in the bride's home parish. If you are lucky, her parents did not move to a different parish before she married. Within the image files for the parish records, there are usually indexes of some sort. I would start with the year when she was about 15 (1813) and scan the marriage section of the indexes for the next 15 years or so for a start looking for her name. If you find a likely one, follow it to the actual record to check the parents names.
If you are sure Pierre Clements is the correct husband, research him as well and see if you can track down his home parish. Its possible her family moved to that parish and were there when she got married. Also, if you are sure of her husband's name, check the marriage indexes in the parish records for both names. It might be easier to find under one name than the other.
If that doesn't work, the next thing I try is surrounding parishes, especially newly established ones.
Then if that doesn't work, I widen my net looking at all the others Marie Terriens to see what info you have on them. Birth dates, husbands, etc and locations with them. Can you rule any of them out with the birth date information? If so, rule them out. If you found the baptismal record and parents, do the parents help you rule any out. Then look at what is left and try to find more info on them.
Any time I have a location on one I can't rule out, I go to the parish records for that parish and check the indexes to see if I can find her marriage.
Its all about collecting information on the possibles, figuring out what you can confirm on the definite one you are looking at, and ruling the wrong ones out and investigating further the ones you cannot rule out.
When you ask for help, make sure you include information you have on who you have ruled out so people don't waste time redoing what you have already done.