“The Bonus Army”

+5 votes
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Hi Wikitreers,

I think in the annals of history as it relates to President Hoover one such event was overlooked and doesn’t seem to receive much attention that it deserves. 

July 28, 1932 during America’s “Great Depression” 

The story of the “Bonus Army” 

What happens next is one of the saddest moments in American history 

17,000 World War I demonstrators were removed violently and for the first time in United States history American tanks ran down Pennsylvania Avenue turned against its own citizens on the orders by President Hoover.

Is there something that can be added to his bio which mentions this contentious moment in the history of his presidency?

Who died that fateful day? Do they have profiles on Wikitree? Is there a free space of this event? Who was injured? 

Collaboration and insight into this event is appreciated 

Thank you 

1). Fact Congress promised them a bonus of a $1.25 for each day served overseas not to be paid until 1945. They demanded to be paid now, but Congress refuses.  

2). Fact President Hoover considers it a front to a Communist Revolution orders the men cleared out. He orders the Army Chief of Staff Gen. Douglas MacArthur to use the 12th infantry 3rd Cavalry Regt’s 

3). Fact Veterans camped out in the hot July heat as weeks passed 

4). Fact President Hoover Lost the election on November 8, 1932 (election in 1932) setting up the FDR presidency 

Note: “The demonstrators were led by Walter W. Waters, a former sergeant.” Is this Walters memorial Here? See also a bio Here

WikiTree profile: Herbert Hoover
in Genealogy Help by Andrew Simpier G2G6 Pilot (689k points)
edited by Andrew Simpier

1 Answer

+5 votes
 
Best answer

The reports say that there were two deaths:

1.   Eric Carlson (1894-1932); and

2.   William Hushka (1895-1932); and

"Bonus Army" (September 25, 2023) in Wikipedia,  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonus_Army.

" Heroes: Battle of Washington," Time, August 8, 1932, https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,744107,00.html

"Bonus Army Martyrs Hushka & Carlson," in Community Walk, https://web.archive.org/web/20110822062853/http://www.communitywalk.com/location/bonus_expeditionary_force_martyrs_hushka__carlson_1932/info/2942468

It's interesting that they were buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

There was also an 11 or 12 week old child, Bernard Meyer, that died allegedly died from exposure to gas. Wikipedia has the following quote:

"When 12 week old Bernard Meyer died in a hospital after being caught in the tear gas attack, a government investigation reported that he died of enteritis, and a hospital spokesman said the "tear gas didn't do it any good."

There was apparently also a veteran's wife that miscarried.

What's always fascinated me about the event is the involvement of some of the future commanders in World War II, Douglas MacArthur, George S. Patton and Dwight Eisenhower,  People tend to remember that MacArthur was involved, but the others less so.

by Roger Stong G2G Astronaut (1.4m points)
selected by Andrew Simpier
Thanks Roger

I found an interesting clip

Middletown Times Herald, July 29, 1932, Page 9. via Newspapers.com (https://www.newspapers.com/article/middletown-times-herald/132668062/ : accessed September 30, 2023),

I think the media of the day spun much of the real story but this article does show the injured and wounded
I find it interesting that Eisenhower and Patton are mentioned. I only read about MacArthur. The burials at Arlington is even more intriguing!

The senate didn’t pass the bill to give them veterans their bonus earlier than 1945 in the end I wonder if by 1945 any did receive it or likely most were deceased and less had to be paid out?

Edit: per the Wikipedia article “In 1936, Congress overrode President Roosevelt's veto and paid the veterans their bonus nine years early.”

Calvin Coolidge was quoted as saying "patriotism... bought and paid for is not patriotism."

Andrew:

   Patton was particularly aggressive.

https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-apr-24-bk-sigal24-story.html

                        Roger

Wow! What a great article. Enlightening!

Both men are now on Wikitree to research their genealogy and involvement in The “Bonus Army” 

See Eric Carlson (1894 - 1932)

See William J Hushka (1895 - 1932)

Also Walter Warfield Waters (1898 - 1959)

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