Friederich Kohl (1810 - 1882)

Born 10 Apr 1810 in Thansüß (Thansuess), Freihung, Amberg-Sulzbach, Bavaria, Germany

Ancestors

Husband of Elisabeth (Krauss) Kohl — married 10 Aug 1836 in Thansüß (Thansuess) Bavaria

Descendants

Died 23 May 1882 at age 72 in Kohlsville, Washington Co, Wisconsin

Problems/Questions Profile manager: Joe Kohl [send private message]

Birth & Christening

Friederich was born Johann Gottfried Kohl on April 10, 1810 in Thansüß (Thansuess) Bavaria. In the historical records in Germany, he is referred to as either Gottfried or Friederich. He preferred the name Friederich and used that name exclusively in the United States. His birth date is based on the family history, prepared by Kenneth Kohl, that can be found in the West Bend Public Library in West Bend Wisconsin, and the same date is stated in Friederich's marriage record in 1836, from the Lutheran Parish in Thansüß.

In the family research book from Kenneth Kohl^[1], it reads on page 25 that Friederich came from "Tienesie, Regensburg, Bavaria." This has confused many because no such place exists on the maps. However, in looking through the research conducted by Hans Zenger, in the Feb/Mar 1982 article called 'Was und die Heimat erzählt' or 'What the Home Tells' that was published as a supplement to the Oberpfälzer News from Weiden, it explains that the name of the town has evolved in time. One of the earliest mentions of the village is from 1363. The name changed: from Stennsiezz, to Tennsiezz, and then Tensies, Thensieß, Thainsüß and finally Thansüß. So Friederich was using an older name, despite the fact that in the church records, the Reverend keeping the records was using the name Thansüß.

Early Life

Friederich grew up in Thansüß. His parents were Georg Kohl and Barbara Pruckner, who were married in Thansüß and they both died there. Georg was a webermeister, or master weaver. Being a tradesman, this would have meant the family was 'middle class' by the standards of the time, if he was also paying taxes. Friederich adopted the same trade. This is evident in the numerous church records that describe him as an apprentice or a master weaver.

The document by Hans Zenger (mentioned above) also lists houses with names of past residents. The list of residents was prepared up to 1961. It states that that Georg Kohl "married into the estate Thansuess #35 in 1797, from Mantel." That means Friederich's father married someone (Barbara) and moved into House #35 in 1797 and that he was from Mantel, prior to marriage (to Barbara Pruckner), We know that House #35 was where Barbara Pruckner lived, because the previous owner was Philipp Pruckner, Barbara's father.

Fortunately, there was a teacher from the nearby village of Kaltenbrunn, Herr Gotlieb Glockner, who in the 1950s, 60s, and 70s documented every family who appears in the local Lutheran records. The families were assembled into Family Sheets, and from this we have been able to trace the ancestry a little bit further back. To reference the house numbers, look at the bottom map at this link: https://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/images/blo/ortsblaetter/karten/karten/Ort_Fre_1837_F37.jpg

From the Herr Glockner's family sheets we know Friederich had the following siblings:^[2]

• The eldest sister was Margaretha, who was born on October 22, 1797. Her name is also known from a record found for the birth of her son Jacob who was born illegitimate in 1823.^[3] She married Jacob's father Johann Schmidt fourteen years later in 1837 (after he had another marriage with another woman). Margaretha and Johann Schmidt do not appear to have immigrated to the US.
• Maria, who was born on March 27, 1801 and died 6 days later on April 2.
• Anna Barbara, born on December 7, 1802, who married Paul Herbst,
• Johann, born on November 29, 1805, who married Barbara Gerstner, a catholic girl from the nearby village of Mantel.
• The youngest brother was Paulus, born on September 3, 1814. He married in the United States to Jane Pocock, and Englishwoman from Connecticut.

For a long time, the decedents of Friederich's family had wondered if Johann Kohl (and Johann's decedents too), who also settled in Washington County and who immigrated with Friederich and their families from Germany to Milwaukee, was his brother. It had been impossible to prove without a doubt with records found in Wisconsin, however the following evidence seems clear:

• In the birth record for Friederich's son Paulus Kohl, who was born in Thansuss in 1841, it states that the godfather is "Johann Kohl, fellow weaver from Mantel, the child's father's brother." The German transcription reads: Taufpath soll seyn: Johann Kohl, Webersgesell in Mantel, des Kindes Vaters Bruder.^[4] See Johann Kohl's profile on Wikitree.com for more about him.
• Herr Glockner, in documenting all of the families from the Kaltenbrunn church records, found the birth records and documented the relationships.
• Johann and his family migrated from Bavaria to Wisconsin with his brother Friederich (and his family) and with their sister Barbara Kohl Herbst (and her family) on the same ship in the summer of 1845.^[5]
• The required Legal Notice of Johann's and Friederich's emigrations were processed by the same Judge in City of Weiden on the same day in May of 1845. This indicates that they were planning the trip together, not a coincidence that they were on the same ship to America.^[6]
• Both brothers bought property near each other in Washington County Wisconsin in 1848.^[7]
• The Catholic records from Mantel, reference Johann as "not a catholic" and implies that his wife Barbara was a Catholic. This explains why one branch of the family was catholic and the others were Lutheran.^[8]
• And in the 2017, the website Archion.de added more records that include the timeframe for Friederich and Johann's births, and they are quite clear that both have the same parents and both were born in Thansuess.^[9]

Friederich's mother, Barbara, died of Tuberculosis on April 11, 1829 at 9 o'clock in the morning in Thansuess, when Friederich was exactly 21 years old. ^[10]

Family Life in Thansüß, Bavaria

The First Born

On August 24, 1833, Friederich and Elisabeth Krauss had their first child, Johann, who in the US became John F. Kohl. Apparently however, they were not married. Below is John's church birth record transcribed and then translated into English:^[11]

16. Thannsüß

(Zusatz: Ist nach Amerika ausgewandert)

Johann, ein uneheliches Söhnlein der Elisabetha Krauß, Bauerstochter des Johann Krauß daselbst, wurde gebohren Sonntags den 25 August morgens um 10 Uhr und am 28 darauf im Pfarrhause getauft. Taufpath ist: Johann Kempf, Fleischhackers Gesell, dermal in K. B. Gensdarmes zu Regensburg. In dessen Abwesenheit vertrit die Stelle Johann Faust, Meßner dahier. Hebamme ??? ??? Nach Angabe der Kindesmutter soll Friedrich Kohl Webergeselle zu Thansüß Vater seyn.

(Zusatz: Sind nun ehelich verbunden)

16. Thansuess

(later added note at top: emigrated to America)

Johann, an illegimate son of Elisabetha Krauss, farmer's daughter of Johann Krauss, a local resident, was born on Sunday August 25 in the morning at 10 o'clock and was baptized on the following 28th at the parish house. Godparent is: Johann Kempf, apprentice butcher, at the time being serving in Regensburg at the Royal Bavarian Gendarme (National Police). Due to his absence he was represented by Johannes Faust, a sacristan here. Midwife [name illegible, maybe: Herbst, Anna P.] According to the child's mother the father should be Friedrich Kohl, apprentice weaver from Thansuess.

(Later added note at bottom: both are married now)

The Wedding

On August 10, 1836 Friederich and Elisabeth did get married. Apparently she was about 7 months pregnant with the twins. Here is the text of the wedding notice transcribed and then translated into English:^[12]

From the original handwritten German script:

3. Thansüß (on the page marked with year 1836)

Gottfried Kohl, angehender Weber-Meister in Thansüß, geboren 1810 den 10 April, des dortigen Weber-Meisters Georg Kohl, und seines verstorbenen Eheweibes Barbara, einer geborenen Pruckner daselbst, ehelicher mittlerer Sohn, wurde mit seiner geschwächten Elisabetha Krauß, geboren 1811 den 8 Juni, des dortigen Bauers Johann Krauß und seines Eheweibes Walburg, einer geborenen Zachel daselbst, ehel. mittlere Tochter, nach dreimaliger ungehinderter Verkündigung am 10ten August in der hiesigen Kirche getraut.

Zeugen:

1. Georg Kohl, des Bräutigams Vater

2. Johannes Krauß, der Braut Vater

English translation:

3. Thansuess (on the page marked with year 1836)

Gottfried Kohl, an upcoming master weaver in Thansuess, born on April 10, 1810, the legitimate, middle born son of the master weaver Georg Kohl and of his deceased wife Barbara, nee Pruckner, both also residing in Thansuess, and his pregnant (literally: weakened) Elisabetha Krauss, born on June 8, 1811, the legitimate, middle born daughter of the farmer Johann Krauss and of his wife Walburg, nee Zachel, both residing in Thansuess as well, were married on August 10 (1836) at the local (Kaltenbrunn) church, after 3 regular marriage announcements / proclamations.

Witnesses (of the marriage were):

1. Georg Kohl, the groom's father

2. Johannes Krauss, the bride's father

There is a line that appears above the main text of the record that collectively were written at two separate times. The original priest that recorded the record wrote the word "Fornicanten". This translates as "Fornicators". Given that the couple had a child and was presently pregnant at the time of the marriage, then this would signify their sins. Written later by a separate scribe appears just after that: "NB Ist ebenfalls 1845 mit den Kindern nach Noramerika ausgewandert". This translates as: "Note: Also emigrated to North-America in 1845 together with their children."

The Twins

2 months after the wedding, on October 7, 1836 Friederich and Elisabeth had twins. The first one, Andreas Kohl, was born at 8pm, and the second, Georg Andreas Kohl, was born 15 minutes later. Here is the record translated:^[13]

21. 22. Thansüß

Kohl, Andreas, and Georg Andreas, twins born to Master Weaver Friederich Kohl and his wife Elisabeth nee Krauss, were born on October 7, (1836). The first twin (Andreas) was born at 8 pm, and the second was born a quarter of an hour later. The next day the twins were baptized at the house of their parents. The witness was Andreas ______ (last name illegible), a carpenter [Zimmerman] and small farmer [Gütler] from the same village. [House No. 35.] Midwife: Herbst.

About 2 months after the wedding, on December 24, 1836, the oldest twin, Andreas, died. He was buried on December 24, 1836. That must have been a very sad Christmas for the family. Here is the record translated:^[14]

16. Thansüß

Andreas Kohl, the matrimonial (legitimate) older twin son of master weaver Friederich Kohl from Thansuess, died of diphteria on December 24, (1836) in the morning at 4 o’clock and was buried on the 26th. He was 2 months and 17 days old.

This is a match for his birthday of October 7.

Sadly, the younger twin, Georg Andreas, died young as well from Whooping Cough, on April 1, 1841. The translated record:^[15]

8. Thansüß

Georg Andreas Kohl, legitimate son of master weaver Godfried Kohl from Thansüß, died from whooping cough, on the 1st of April (1841) in the morning at 6 o’clock and was buried on the 3rd [of April]. He was 4 years, 6 months less 7 days old.

3 More Children Born in Bavaria

Catherine was born on November 13, 1838 at 4 in the afternoon. She was baptized on November 15th in Thansuess. The sponsor was Catharine Krauss, the daughter of Johann Krauss. The midwife was named Herbst.^[16] This is the married last name of Friederich's sister, Barbara.

Paulus Kohl was born on April 13, 1841 at 11:17 pm in Thansuess. The sponsor was "Johann Kohl, the master weaver in Mantel." The midwife was named Herbst.^[17] This is the married last name of Friederich's sister, Barbara.

Andreas Kohl, the second son with that name, was born on October 31, 1843 at 10 am in Thansuess. The sponsor was Andreas Wolfgang Schmidt. The midwife's name looks like "Lurtner."^[18]

Immigration to Wiskonsin

Thansüß, Bavaria to the Port of Hamburg

To leave Bavaria properly, as required by the Bavarian Government, every family had to post a notice in advance that they were leaving Europe so that any creditors would be made aware to collect on their debt promptly. In May of 1845, there was a notice stating that Gottfried Kohl and his family were emigrating to North America, and that they were from Thansuess. The notice was enacted by Judge Riss from the Weiden court district (Landgericht Weiden) on the 29th of April 1845.^[6]

It may have taken them weeks to get from their hometown to the Port of Hamburg, from where their ship departed. This journey took place sometime during June and the beginning of July of 1845, based on the Emigration Notice’s settlement date and the arrival date of their ship in New York. The ocean voyage was usually about 6 weeks, since sailing ships were most widely used at this time.

Friederich and Elisabeth and children were among a party of 21 people making the journey together. We know they were part of this larger group because the names are all listed together on the ship's manifest, and they lived near each other in Bavaria, and they all settled in Wisconsin near one another. From the church records in Thansuss, it is clear they were all family relations. Train service existed in Germany in 1845, starting about 9 years earlier, but it may have been too expensive for them. If they didn’t go by rail, they would have traveled by a combination of horse drawn carts and river barges, having to switch from one to the other at multiple places along the way, sometimes having to stay overnight, or for more than one night, waiting for the next segment of the trip. Cities such as Leipzig and Berlin were set up for emigrating travelers and may have been places that they passed through. It appears that there were so many unscrupulous service providers catering to the travelers that later in the 1850s commissions were established by the municipal governments with regulations protecting the travelers from being taken advantage of. With such a large group, the family leaders probably planned everything out for the entire trip to Hamburg, but it is highly likely that there were problems along the way, and the family was likely constantly being hassled by hustlers.

Trans Atlantic Voyage

Friederich and Elisabeth arrived in the US at the Port of New York from Hamburg on 29 August 1845 with their children: Johann 11, Catharine 6, Paulus 4 and Andreas 1. Among them also was Marg. Krauss, age 18, who may have been Elisabeth's younger sister or a niece; and Maria Zeckel, age 27, who must have been Elisabeth's cousin because that was her mother's maiden name. Their origin was listed as Bavaria and their destination spelled as Wiskonsin. Their profession was listed as weavers. They were aboard the Ship Elizabeth Denison with Master F. W. Spencer. The burthen was 644 tons, with 249 passengers listed on the manifest. Most of the other passengers were from Bavaria and Prussia and were going to Ohio, Illinois, New York, Buffalo, Canada, and Albany. The Kohl entourage was the only large group heading to Wisconsin.^[5] Wouldn't it be great to know who suggested that they go to Milwaukee?

Also on the manifest there is Johann Kohl 40 and Barbara Kohl 30, husband and wife. Johann was Friederich's brother. Johann and Barbara's children listed were: Carl 10, George 7, and Joseph 4, and Clementina 1.^[19] We know from American records that this family was Catholic and from the village 5 miles away from Thansuss called Mantel.

Traveling with them was Jacob Gerstner 60, Barbara's father, and Joseph 22 and Ursala Gerstner 13 her brother and sister. The Gerstners names were spelled Gerstler on the manifest.^[20]

Also traveling with them was Barbara Herbst 43, her husband Paul Herbst, 42 and their children, Johann 6 and Barbara 18.^[21] From the records of Thansüß^[22] we know that this family was also from Thansüß, and Lutheran. The church's birth record for her daughter Barbara Herbst (born 10 Jan 1828 in Thansüß) shows that Barbara Kohl was the daughter of Georg Kohl, thus providing evidence that she was the sister of Friederich and Johann. ^[23]

In total there were 21 individuals of all ages in their party who traveled from Thansuss and Mantel to Milwaukee. This suggests that it took a coordinated effort to get everyone in the multiple families from Mantel to Hamburg, then on the long ocean voyage that could have lasted 2 months to New York City, and then to get everyone from New York to Milwaukee. Both Friederich and Johann had a Bavarian Emigration Notice, and they both had their notices enacted by the same judge in the city of Weiden on the exact same day.^[24] The trip must have been carefully planned in advance. It seems odd that Johann was in a Catholic family and the other Kohls were Lutheran. Probably, Barbara was Catholic and she wanted the family to be Catholic.

New York City to Milwaukee

To get to Wisconsin from New York, they likely traveled in the manner described in "The Emigrant's Hand Book and Guide to Wisconsin," by Samuel Freeman, printed in 1851 in Milwaukee. The book describes the conditions in Milwaukee and at villages in Wisconsin at the time with tables of imports and exports. It also has suggested routes from New York to Milwaukee. If this family group followed the same route, they would have traveled from Manhattan on a Hudson River boat to Albany. From there they would have taken a multi-leg trip by train to Buffalo: from Albany to Utica, then the Utica & Syracuse Railroad to Syracuse, then the Rochester & Syracuse Railroad to Syracuse, NY, then the Tonawanda Railroad to Attica, and then the Attica & Buffalo Railroad to Buffalo. Alternatively they could have taken a barge on the Erie Canal, or the Michigan Central Railroad Company had an express day train from Albany to Buffalo. Once in Buffalo, they had two options: First was to take a steam ship from Buffalo all the way to Milwaukee, some +600 miles. The other option was taking a steam ship run by the Michigan Central Railroad Company to Detroit, then a train across Michigan to New Buffalo, and then by Wards Steamers (steamboats) to Milwaukee with stops first in Chicago, then Racine, and then Milwaukee. It took about 2 days to travel by boat from Buffalo to Detroit. By boat from Detroit to Milwaukee, 3 to 5 days; the faster ships cost more, and prices were inconsistent. A third way from Buffalo to Milwaukee that was popular by migrants was by "propeller" since it cost 1/6th the fare of a steamer. These were large sized schooners that used sails that also had a small steam engine. The ships would provide a covered stove so the travelers could prepare their own meals. The stops along the way would crisscross back and forth between the US shore and the Canadian shore.^[25]

In Wisconsin

The family was living in Milwaukee for those first few years, probably in the 2nd Ward where Johann and his family were living. In 1848, Frederich, his brother's Johann and Paulus all purchased 40 to 80 acres in Washington County, WI from the Federal Government at the Land Office in Milwaukee. None of them appear to have actually lived on those parcels, except for Friederich who was the first to get his farm going. They may have later sold them for a profit and then used the money to start their farms. Frederick later purchased land in Wayne Township just to the north. This is where he settled Kohlsville, which today looks like a "lost town."

By the 1850 Census, the family was living on their farm in Addison Township, likely where Friederich had first purchased the 80 acres. The last name was Cole. It shows Friederich at age 40 and listed as a farmer, Elizabeth age 34, John age 16, Catherine age 11, Paulus age 9, Andrew Age 5 and Ludwig age 4. George is not listed, he would have been age 2.^[26] This first home was probably built of logs, since when the first home they built in Wayne Township, when settling Kohlville, they built the home out of logs. ^[27]

Their Children In America

The four born in Germany:

• John Frederick Kohl (1827 - 1893), married Sabina Lehner Kohl (1832 - 1884). Sabina's family was from Kaltenbrunn, so perhaps she and John Frederich knew each other from the fatherland, or at least their parents knew each other.
• Katherine Kohl (1839 - 1883), married Peter Kuhn, from Germany
• Paul Kohl (1840 - 1893), married Katharine Heipp Kohl (1840 - 1926)
• Andreas Kohl (1843 - 1876), married Maria or Mary Elizabeth Isholz (b. 1847)

The three born in Wisconsin:

• Ludwig Kohl (1847 - 1886), married his cousin (via his Uncle Paulus) Marianne Kohl (1850 - 1906)
• George Kohl (1848 - 1899), he also married his cousin (via his Uncle Paulus) Sarah Kohl (1855 - 1932)
• Henry Kohl (1852 - 1926), married Elizabeth Schmidt Kohl (1852 - 1932)

By the early 1850s the family had begun settling Kohlville. Their first home there was a one room log home with a loft. They dug a mill pond at the creek and built a dam to power built their first saw mill on the south side of the creek. The waterwheel was 20 feet in circumference [20-foot circumference = 6.32 foot diameter. Maybe the writer meant 20-foot diameter?]. The water ran under the wheel to turn it. IN 1852 Freiderich began building his Bavarian Style home, inherited by his son and grandson.^[28]

By 1860 the family was settled in Wayne Township in Washington County Wisconsin. In the US Census, their last names were spelled "Call." Friederich was 51 years old, a farmer from Bavaria, his real estate value was $7000, and personal estate was $1000. Elisabeth was aged 50. The children at home were Paul, 19, Andrew, 17, Lewis, 14, George, 12, and Henry, 9. The next family on the list was his son John "Kall". He was also a farmer from Bavaria aged 27, with a real estate value of $2500 and personal estate of $600. His wife Sebina was 27, and children: John, 5, Mary, 3, and Paulina 1.

After the Civil War, the family tried to turn their dream of Kohlsville into a thriving town. They had a saw mill and the sons opened up various businesses but unfortunately the town never succeeded.

His son Henry stayed on his parent's farm and raised his family there. He took care of his parents as they aged.

In 1880, the US Federal Census finds Friederich and his wife Elisabeth living Wayne Township, Washington County WI in the household of their youngest son Henry. Friederich was listed as 72 years old retired farmer from Bavaria, and Elisabeth, 71 and from Bavaria. The members of the househould included their son Henry, 27, his wife Elisabeth, 28, and another Elisabeth, age 4, son Adam, age 3, and Rosalia, age 1.^[29] The family on the Census list right before them was that of their son George, farmer age 29, George's wife (and cousin) Sarah, age 24, and their son Paul age 7.

Death & Burial

Friederich died on 23 May 1882, in Kohlsville. He is buried at the St John's Memorial Cemetery in Kohlsville, Washington County, WI, USA^[30]

Sources

Help with transcribing and translating the records from the Lutheran Parish in Thansus came from the generous efforts of the Forum members of the website www.Archion.de who included: vnagel2004 (Vera), okhaine (Oliver), frauch84, spaeth (Katrin), and sil2910 (Silke) in September 2016.

All Sources:

1. ↑ The Friederich Kohl & Elizabeth Krause Family History, 1991 by Kenneth William Kohl, Madison WI, (handmade book) found in the West Bend Public Library in West Bend, Wisconsin.
2. ↑ From Family #1803, documented from the (Lutheran) Kaltenbrunn Parish Records that included the village of Thasuess.
3. ↑ Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #15, item #12 on bottom of page and continues to the top of the next page; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
4. ↑ from Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #65, item #9, bottom of page.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} Manifest for the Ship Elizabeth Denison, that arrived on August 29, 1845 at the Port of New York, from the Port of Hamburg.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1} Emigration Notices from Bavaria: Allgemeiner Anzeiger für das Königreich Bayern: Gerichtliche und polizeyliche Bekanntmachungen, Volume 13 Published in 1845. page 448 (for Johann) and page 433 (for Friederich), available on-line as a fee Google Ebook.
7. ↑ Land patents can be found at the Bureau of Land Management's website: http://www.glorecords.blm.gov. Of the brothers, only Friederich actually settled on these plots originally purchased. Perhaps the strategy was to purchase them while the government sold them at a low price, then wait and resell them at a higher price, giving them cash to purchase another plot with extra money to start up the farm operations and build a house.
8. ↑ Parish Records from Neunkirchen at Weiden (Vol. 4 p. 48 MF 144); from a transcription sent to Joe Kohl from Josef Gerl, the archivist from Catholic Central Archives for the Regensburg Dioses: Bistum Regensburg, Bischöfliches Zentralarchiv whose address is St. Petersweg 11-13, 93047 Regensburg, Germany. The letter was dated 18 May 2017. The information was translated to English by Joseph Kohl (and Google Translate).
9. ↑ from Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen, Trauungen; Bestattunge' Konfirmanden 1785-1843; For Johann, see image #58, item #27, bottom of page right.
10. ↑ Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Bestattungen 1820-1871; image #12, item #9 on bottom of page; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
11. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #43, item #16, top of page; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
12. ↑ The wedding record of Friederich Kohl and Elisabeth Krauss on August 10, 1836 in Thansuss, Bavaria can be found on the website www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archives of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria > . Deanery Weiden idOPf > Kaltbrunn - Freihung > marriages 1820-1870, Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 - 08, image 17 of 63. Item #3 on the page.
13. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #51, item #21 (and #22) on top of the page; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
14. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Bestattungen 1820-1871; image #20, item #16 on bottom of page; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
15. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Bestattungen 1820-1871; image #27, item #8 on bottom of page; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
16. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #57, item #18; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
17. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #65, item #9; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
18. ↑ Source: www.Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #65, item #9; Mikrofisches 9.5.0001 - 148 – 08; Lagerort: LAELKB.
19. ↑ Manifest for the Ship Elizabeth Denison, that arrived on August 29, 1845 at the Port of New York, from the Port of Hamburg..
20. ↑ Manifest for the Ship Elizabeth Denison, that arrived on August 29, 1845 at the Port of New York, from the Port of Hamburg..
21. ↑ Manifest for the Ship Elizabeth Denison, that arrived on August 29, 1845 at the Port of New York, from the Port of Hamburg.
22. ↑ Auswanderer nach Nordamerika, aus der Pfarrei Kaltenbrunn in den Jahren 1845 und 1846; von Gottfried Glockner in „Was uns die Heimat erzählt - Heimatkundliche Beilage der Oberpfälzer; Nachrichten“, Ausgabe: 1970 - Dezember.
23. ↑ from Archion.de: Landeskirchliches Archiv der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern > Dekanat Weiden i.d.OPf. > Kaltenbrunn - Freihung > Taufen 1820-1871; image #27, item #1, top of page.
24. ↑ Emigration Notices from Bavaria: Allgemeiner Anzeiger für das Königreich Bayern: Gerichtliche und polizeyliche Bekanntmachungen, Volume 13 Published in 1845. page 458, available on-line as a fee Google Ebook.
25. ↑ Freeman, Samuel. The emigrant's hand book, and guide to Wisconsin : comprising information respecting agricultural and manufacturing employment, wages, climate, population &c; sketch of Milwaukee ... (Milwaukee : Sentinel and Gazette power press print, 1851); Online facsimile at: http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/search.asp?id=67; Visited on: 1/28/2016.
26. ↑ Year: 1850; Census Place: Addison, Washington, Wisconsin; Roll: M432_1008; Page: 21A; Image: 48
27. ↑ According to a description on page 25 in The Friederich Kohl & Elizabeth Krause Family History, 1991 by Kenneth William Kohl, Madison WI, (handmade book) found in the West Bend Public Library in West Bend, Wisconsin.
28. ↑ The Friederich Kohl & Elizabeth Krause Family History, 1991 by Kenneth William Kohl, Madison WI, (handmade book) found in the West Bend Public Library in West Bend, Wisconsin.
29. ↑ Year: 1880; Census Place: Wayne, Washington, Wisconsin; Roll: 1450; Family History Film: 1255450; Page: 511D; Enumeration District: 251
30. ↑ Find A Grave Memorial# 115954222, Created by: Cheryl, Record added: Aug 23, 2013: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=115954222