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Preceded by Robert Menzies |
17th Prime Minister of Australia 26 January 1966 to 19 December 1967 |
Succeeded by John McEwan |
Harold Edward Holt (1908-1967), prime minister, was born on 5 August 1908 at Stanmore, Sydney, elder son of Thomas James Holt, schoolteacher, and his wife Olive May, née Williams, both Australian born.[1] Harold began his education at Randwick Public School and boarded briefly at Abbotsholme, Killara, where he met (Sir) William McMahon, a future colleague and prime minister. Tom Holt left teaching and tried the hotel trade in Adelaide before becoming a travelling theatrical manager. Harold's unsettled years ended when, aged 11, he was sent with his brother Cliff to board at Wesley Preparatory School, Melbourne.
Holt was a member of Federal Parliament from 1935 to 1967 and had a long ministerial career including: Science (1941-1), Labor (1949-58), Immigration (1949-56) and Treasurer (1958-66) before succeeding Menzies in 1966. During his last year as Prime Minister, the Australian referendum of 27 May 1967, called by his Government, approved two amendments to the Australian constitution relating to Indigenous Australians that became law on 10 August 1967. "These had the immediate effect of including Aboriginal Australians in determinations of population, and also empowered the Federal Parliament to legislate specifically for this racial group"[2]. But one of the downsides was it did not include equal rights[3].
Harold Holt disappeared while swimming at Cheviot Beach in Victoria on 17 December 1967. [4]
He married Zara Kate Fell, née Dickins (1909-1989), in her parents' home at Toorak in October 1946. He legally adopted her three children from her previous marriage to James Fell and gave them his surname. After Holt's death, she married another Liberal Parlaimentarian, Jeff Bate.
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