Mary Ann (Francis) Kennewell (abt. 1833 - 1907)

Born about 10 Feb 1833 in Dorset, England

Wife of Thomas Kennewell — married 19 May 1850 in Gawler, South Australia, Australia

Descendants

Died 26 Dec 1907 at about age 74 in Silverton, New South Wales, Australia

Problems/Questions Profile managers: Ray Howell [send private message] and Russell Senior [send private message]

Biography

It is believed that Mary Ann Francis was the daughter of Edward Francis, who was born in Dorset in about 1800, and arrived in South Australia with his wife and several sons and daughters on 6 February 1840 in the ship Rajasthan.

A conjectural passenger list for the Rajasthan  is available,⁠^[1] though its sources are unclear. It presumably relies heavily on the book "A free passage to paradise? : passenger lists of United Kingdom emigrants who applied for free passage to South Australia 1836-1840",⁠^[2] and Pike's Index.⁠^[3]

According to the passenger list, Edward was aged 37 and his wife aged 38, and they had children Elizabeth, Mary Ann, William and Andrew, whose ages were 9, 6, 4 and 2. Edward's wife was possibly Sarah née Clark. The passenger list also includes a 17 year old John Francis and a 15 year old George Francis, said to be sons of Edward Francis and his first wife. The passenger list says that these people were from "longburton, Cornwall", but in fact Longburton is in Dorset.⁠^[4]

The original source for the information in the passenger list is undoubtedly the document "Register of emigrant labourers' applications for a free passage to South Australia" held by the National Archives in London.⁠^[5] Digital images of the pages of this document are freely available online in a FamilySearch film, and it can be checked that applications 6066, 6067 and 6068 were made by agricultural labourers named Edward Francis, John Francis and Geo Francis. The applications were made to one W. Roberts and were dated 16 September 1839, and for all three the entry under "Residence" is "Longburton" (though perhaps this really means that W. Roberts lived at Longburton and the Francises were from somewhere near there).⁠^[6]

Note that the emigrant register did not include the names of Edward Francis's wife and children. The names given in the passenger list have evidently been inferred from later South Australian records.

A South Australian baptism record says that a couple named Edward and Sarah Francis, living at Edwardstown,⁠^[7] had a son who was born on 15 January 1842 and baptized on 30 January 1842, and named Mark.⁠^[8]

Mark Francis's birth predated civil registration of births in South Australia, and the baptism record does not give his mother's maiden surname.

A South Australian birth registration record says that Edward and Sarah Francis, living at Meadows,⁠^[9] had a son born on 19 February 1847 and named Alfred. It is recorded that his mother's maiden surname was Clarke. (This information was obtained from the now-defunct website familyhistorysa.org. Presumably it would be possible to obtain a birth certificate containing the same information.)

There is every possibility that the couple who arrived in the Rajasthan  in 1840 were the couple at Edwardstown in 1842 and were also the couple at Meadows in 1847.

A spinster named Mary Ann Francis (aged 17) married a bachelor named Thomas Kenwell (aged 19) at St George's Church, Gawler, on 19 May 1850. The groom was a labourer, and bride and groom both lived at a place called Blair Park. The marriage was witnessed by an Edward Francis, who, like the bride and groom, did not sign but made a mark in the space provided.⁠^[10]

Later records make it clear that the groom's surname was actually Kennewell, not Kenwell.

When Edward Francis made his application for free passage, in September 1839, he said that his younger daughter was aged 6. She would then have been 17 in 1850, and so it is reasonable to identify her with the Mary Ann who married Thomas Kennewell.

An Elizabeth Francis married a George Sawley at Trinity Church, Adelaide,⁠^[11] on Christmas Day 1849. The groom was a 35 year old widower and the bride was aged 19. An image of the original record gives the extra information that George Sawley was a farmer.⁠^[12]

Mary Ann Francis's elder sister, aged 9 in 1839, would have been 19 in 1849, and so is a good match for the Elizabeth Francis who married George Sawley.

Support for the claim that Elizabeth Sawley was Mary Ann Kennewell's sister is provided by the fact that they had their babies George Sawley and Sarah Jane Kennewell baptized at the same church on the same day (namely Christ Church North Adelaide⁠^[13] on 16 April 1854).⁠^[14]

From the locations of the marriages of the daughters, we can guess that Edward Francis and family moved north to somewhere near Gawler⁠^[15] in about 1850. It is likely that after arriving in South Australia Edward at first worked as an agricultural labourer, and by 1850 had prospered sufficiently to be able to obtain leasehold possession of some land in his own name.

The proceedings of the Court for the revision of the electoral list held at Clare⁠^[16] on 7 May and 8 May 1851 tell us that Edward Francis had possession of "19, North Para",⁠^[17]⁠^[18] which presumably means Section 19 of the North Para survey. A map of the Hundred of Nuriootpa shows that the North Para River⁠^[19] flows through a Section 19 about three miles upstream from Gawler, in the south-west part of the Hundred (and about 300 metres upstream from the site of the present-day Bruce Eastick North Para Flood Mitigation Dam).⁠^[20]⁠^[21]

On 31 December 1853 the advertisement shown below appeared in The Adelaide Observer.⁠^[22]

On 6 October 1853 at the Grand Junction Inn on North Road an inquest was held into the death of a young farmer named Charles Kentish, from Munno Para. Andrew Francis, aged 17, had been driving his father's bullock dray from Gawler Town to the Port, with a load of 80 bushels of wheat, and Kentish, driving another dray, had tried to overtake. While attempting this Kentish fell from his dray and was run over by a wheel of Francis's dray. The coroner severely reprimanded Andrew Francis for not allowing enough room for Kentish to overtake.⁠^[23]

On 30 September 1868, Alfred Francis, youngest son of Mr Edward Francis of Pine Creek, married Fanny Edwards, eldest daughter of Mr John Edwards of Rhynie, at St Mark's Church Penwortham.⁠^[24] Rhynie⁠^[25] and Penwortham⁠^[26] are small towns in South Australia's mid-north.

The Pine Creek is a tributary that joins the River Wakefield⁠^[27] at Undalya⁠^[28] and forms part of the border between the Hundred of Upper Wakefield⁠^[29] and the Hundred of Saddleworth.⁠^[30]

A "Real Property Act" notice in The South Australian Register  on 15 October 1856 says that Edward Francis of Saddleworth claimed to be the owner of Section 193 in the Hundred of Saddleworth, and had applied for this land to be brought under the operation of the Act. Any objections had to be made within one month.⁠^[31]

Bringing the land under the operation of the Act meant registering its ownership, so that the new "Torrens title"⁠^[32] system would apply to it. In due course, on 29 November 1858, it was entered in the register that Edward Francis of Saddleworth, Farmer, had title to Section 193 in the Hundred of Saddleworth, 106 acres.⁠^[33]

Section 193 is marked on the map of the Hundred of Saddleworth,⁠^[30] alongside the Pine Creek, about two kilometres north-east of Undalya.

On 8 April 1862 Section 193 was transferred from Edward Francis to Mark Francis "in consideration of natural love and affection and £85", and on 31 July 1868 it was transferred back from Mark Francis to Edward Francis.⁠^[34]

On 26 January 1857 a 20 year old Andrew Francis married a Mary Anne Sullivan (also aged 20) at St Mark's Church in Penwortham, and on 11 October 1854 an 18 year old William Frances married a Sarah Haines (also aged 18) at St Mark's Penwortham. We can confidently identify William and Andrew with the sons of Edward Francis who were aged 4 and 2 (respectively) in 1839.

Images of the St Mark's Penwortham marriage register can be viewed at Family History Centres.⁠^[35]

It looks as though the Francis family moved north from North Para to Undalya in late 1853, after Andrew's road accident in October and before Section 19 was advertised for sale on 31 December.

When William Francis, widower, died intestate on 6 December 1874, leaving four children, the children chose their uncle Alfred Francis of Undalya to be their guardian, and he was appointed administrator of his late brother's estate.⁠^[36]

It should be mentioned that the conjectures we have so far made about the Francises are largely consistent with claims made in the book "Biographical index of South Australians 1836-1885".⁠^[37] One should bear in mind that the Biographical Index includes a significant amount of data submitted by South Australian family historians, which inevitably includes errors.

The Biographical Index has this (claimed) information about Edward Francis. He was born on 5 March 1800 (in England), died on 25 August 1876 at Humbug Scrub, and is buried at Williamstown. He arrived in 1840 via the Rajasthan  and was at various times a labourer, a teamster and a farmer; he lived at Edwardstown, Meadows, North Para and other places. They claim that he had three wives. John (born 1822) and George (born 1824) were children of his first wife (name unknown). He married his second wife (named Elizabeth) on 12 December 1827, and had children named Elizabeth (born 1831, died 1891, married surname Sawley), Mary Ann (born 1833, married surname Kennewell), William (born 1835, died 1874) and Andrew (born 1837, died 1910). His third wife was named Sarah Clarke (died 6 May 1876), and their two children were Mark (born 1842, died 1883) and Alfred (born 1847).

It is surprising that they claim to know the date of Edward's second marriage but cannot give his second wife's surname. They are presumably identifying her with the Elizabeth Bazle who married Edward Francis in Buckland Newton⁠^[38] on 12 December 1827.⁠^[39] This record does say that the Edward Francis in question was a widower, which is consistent with the assertions of the Biographical Index. (Although FamilySearch have transcribed the bride's surname as "Bayle", an image available on ancestry.com shows that in fact it was Bazle. She was a widow, and probably the Elizabeth Rogers who married William Bazle in 1817.)

It is also surprising that the Biographical Index give the precise date of Edward's birth but not the location. This makes it look as though the information has been handed down through the family. There is no English baptism record in evidence to provide confirmation of the date.

The claim that Edward had three wives rather than just two is open to dispute (but if his birth date were handed down through the family then the number of his marriages should also have been handed down).

The claim in the Biographical Index that Elizabeth Sawley died in 1891 is wrong. The Elizabeth Sawley who died in 1891 was the wife of William Sawley and the daughter of W. Allen.⁠^[40] Our Elizabeth was the Elizabeth Sawley, widow of George, who died at Peterborough⁠^[41] on 22 April 1919.⁠^[42] She was said to be 89 years and three months old; so she probably celebrated her birthday in January.

The Biographical Index does not give the year of Mary Ann Kennewell's death, because when they were compiling the book they only looked in South Australian records. Mary Ann Kennewell died in Silverton, New South Wales,⁠^[43] on 26 December 1907.⁠^[44]⁠^[45]

Whereas the Biographical Index says that Mary Ann's mother was named Elizabeth, and that Sarah Clarke was the mother of only the two youngest of Edward Kennewell's children, the New South Wales death record for Mary Ann Kennewell says that her parents were named Edward and Sarah. (The death certificate ought to also give the mother's maiden surname, though not all do.) It is, of course, conceivable that the informant for Mary Ann Kennewell's death knew that Edward Francis's wife was named Sarah and just assumed that she was the mother of all his children. But Thomas Kennewell was still alive when his wife died, and no doubt he was the ultimate source of the information about her. He had known Edward and Sarah Francis for a quarter of a century, and surely in that time would have found out the facts.

There is a "Find a Grave" memorial for Mary Ann Kennewell, including a photo of a plaque with information of genealogical interest.⁠^[46]

The plaque says that Thomas Kennewell was born on 25 December 1830 and died on 8 May 1912, and that Mary Ann was born on 10 February 1833 and died on 27 December 1907, and lists the names of their children: William, George, Sarah, Elizabeth, Jonathon, Edward, Mark, Andrew, Charles, Eliza, Percy, Mary, Alfred and Joseph. It also says that the son Alfred Ernest Kennewell and a granddaughter Ivy Acacia Kennewell (daughter of Mark and Dinah) both died in 1891 and are buried in the Silverton Cemetery at unknown sites. And it says that Richard and Elizabeth (Kennewell, implicitly) are buried in the Hindmarsh Cemetery, South Australia.

The plaque looks to be not particularly old, and its information could well come from the research of some relatively recent family historian. There are minor inaccuracies: 25 December 1830 was the date of Thomas's baptism rather than his birth, and (as we have seen) Mary Ann died on 26 December 1907 rather than 27 December 1907. Thomas's father, Richard Kennewell, is buried in the Hindmarsh Cemetery, his name recorded as Kenevell.⁠^[47] His wife's name was Jane, not Elizabeth; she died and was buried in Wentworth, New South Wales,⁠^[48] as her death certificate attests.⁠^[49] Thomas's sister, Elizabeth Cant, is buried in the Hindmarsh Cemetery.⁠^[50]

There are several websites that mention Mary Ann Kennewell, née Francis.

• There is an entry in FamilySearch's "Community Trees" database that says that Mary Ann was born in England in about 1833, and gives her mother's name as Elizabeth (in agreement with the Biographical Index).⁠^[51]
• There is a Pedigree Resource File submission that says only that she was born in England in about 1833.⁠^[52]
• An IGI submitted record that says that she was born in Staffordshire on 10 February 1833 but does not give her parents.⁠^[53]
• An IGI submitted record says that she was born in Burnell, Staffordshire, on 10 February 1833, with no information about her parents.⁠^[54] (But Burnell, Staffordshire, appears to be nonexistent.)
• An IGI submitted record says that she was born in Burnhill Green, Staffordshire, on 10 February 1833, with no information about her parents.⁠^[55]
• There are several IGI submissions with the same submitter, giving separate pieces of information, but all saying that she was born in Burnhill Green, Staffordshire, on 10 February 1833, and one of these submissions names her parents as Edward Francis and Elizabeth.⁠^[56]
• FamilySearch refer to one of their "Partner Trees", which says that Mary Ann was born in Burnhill Green, Staffordshire, on 10 February 1833, and says that her parents were named Edward and Sarah.⁠^[57]
• There is an Andrew James Kennewell tree on ancestry.com.au which says that Mary Ann Francis (his mother) was born in Burnell Staffordshire in 1835.⁠^[58]
• There is a tree in Geneanet that says that she was born in Burnell, Staffordshire, on 10 February 1833.⁠^[59]
• There is a rootsweb world-connect page that has got her birth date as 10 February 1833, but has got the place as "Burnellt Stradfordshire, Eng."⁠^[60]
• There is at least one—and surely more than that—MyHeritage site with the "10 February 1833, Burnhill Green" story.⁠^[61]

Thomas Kennewell's entry in the Biographical Index of South Australians says that his wife, Mary Ann Francis, was born in Staffordshire on 10 February 1833.

Burnhill Green, Staffordshire, certainly exists. There is a Genealogy Archives page⁠^[62] that tells us that it is in Patshull parish, and the Genealogy Archives page for Patshull⁠^[63] says that parish register information for Patshull is available on FindMyPast. Similarly, a Staffordshire County Council web page indicates that FindMyPast is the place to look for Staffordshire parish register information.⁠^[64] But searching at FindMyPast in "Parish Baptisms" in Staffordshire, for Mary Ann Francis, daughter of Edward, found only one, and that was from 1753. Similarly, searching historical records at FamilySearch and at ancestry.com did not uncover any support for the Staffordshire theory.

The claim that Mary Ann was born on 10 February 1833 appears to have been family folklore for a long time. It could conceivably have been handed down to a family historian by someone who was old enough to remember Grandmother Kennewell's birthday. But the claim that Mary Ann was born in Staffordshire seems rather more suspect, since all the other indications are that the Francises were from Dorset.

Searching on FamilySearch for an Andrew Francis son of Edward born between 1836 and 1838 finds only one matching baptism: Andrew, son of Edward and Sarah, was baptized in Stalbridge,⁠^[65] Dorset, on 5 November 1837.⁠^[66] Searching similarly on FindMyPast finds this baptism and no other.

The Biographical Index claimed that Andrew was the son of Elizabeth, but it looks very much as though his mother was Sarah Clarke, making him a full brother of Mark and Alfred.

It is now natural to search for a marriage of Edward Francis and Sarah Clarke. And one can be found: Edward Francis, of Stalbridge, married Sarah Clark, of Marnhull,⁠^[67] in Marnhull on 1 April 1830.⁠^[68]

Since this was a marriage by banns, and the participants were from different parishes, the banns had to be published in both parishes. FamilySearch also has a "marriage" record for Edward Francis and Sarah Clark, giving the date as 21 March 1830 and the place as Stalbridge. We can be sure that 21 March 1830 was the date of the third publication of the banns in Stalbridge. (It is a feature of FamilySearch that in many cases banns records have been wrongly called marriage records.) In this instance the banns included an important extra piece of information: Edward Francis was a widower and Sarah Clark was a spinster.⁠^[69]

Could it be that Mary Ann told a granddaughter that she was born in Marnhull, and the granddaughter thought she said Burnhill? Or was Marnhull written down, and later transcribed as Burnhill? Perhaps this suggestion is far-fetched. But since the marriage record and Andrew's baptism record both say that Edward Francis was from Stalbridge, it does at least look very much as though the Andrew baptized in 1837 was the son of the couple married in 1830.

Stalbridge is only about 10 kilometres from Longburton, from where (we think) the Francises made their application for free passage to South Australia.

It is now natural to hope that Stalbridge baptism records might exist for Elizabeth (1830), Mary Ann (1833) and William (1835). But they do not.

Searching for Edward and Sarah Francis in Dorset records is complicated by the fact that there were at least two Dorset couples named Edward and Sarah Francis. Edward Francis married Sarah Street in East Stour on 12 March 1826,⁠^[70] and they had children named Edwin (baptized in East Stour on 30 April 1826),⁠^[71] Mary Ann (baptized in East Stour on 21 September 1828)⁠^[72] and Edward (baptized in East Stour on 10 June 1832).⁠^[73] At least this second family stayed put in East Stour: they were still there at the 1841 census (though Edward senior was missing).⁠^[74]

There was an Elizabeth Francis, daughter of Edward and Sarah, baptized in Long Bredy,⁠^[75] Dorset, on 6 February 1831.⁠^[76] An image of the baptism register page, available on ancestry.com, shows that Edward Francis was a labourer and the family abode was at Kingston Russell (but clearly not in the manor house).⁠^[77]

If this Long Bredy Elizabeth Francis was Mary Ann Francis's sister, then when she died (on 22 April 1919) her age was not 89 years and three months (as the newspaper death notice claimed), but 88 years and three months. Such an error could easily occur, if her children knew her birthday but were confused about the year of her birth. A bigger problem is the fact that Long Bredy is rather a long way from Stalbridge: about 34 kilometres as the crow flies.

A William Frances, son of Edward and Sarah, was baptized on 7 June 1835, in Sandford Orcas.⁠^[78] Sandford Orcas was formerly considered to be in Somerset, but is now considered to be in Dorset.⁠^[79] It is about 11 kilometres from Stalbridge.

An image of the baptism reord for William is available on ancestry.com. It shows that Edward Francis was a labourer and the family abode was at Combe (Coombe) in the parish of Sherborne.⁠^[80]

The gedcom file from which the present profile was originally created apparently says that Edward Francis was born in Fifehead Magdalen⁠^[81] on 5 March 1800 and baptized there on 23 March 1800. Perhaps the year was meant to be 1801, because searching at FindMyPast for an Edward Francis baptized in Fifehead Magdalen between 1798 and 1802 found exactly one, and the year was 1801.

An image of this Fifehead Magdalen baptism record for Edward Francis is available on ancestry.com. It appears to say "Edward Son of John & Mary Francis March 23d", and although the year was probably 1801 it could have been 1800. The page is mainly illegible, there are only about five or six baptisms listed between the heading "1800" and the heading "1802", and the Edward Francis entry is followed by "Omitted by mistake …", indicating that it is in the wrong place.

At the present time in FamilyTree on Familysearch there is a version of our Edward Francis that has his date of birth as 8 March 1800 and his place of birth as Dudleston, Shropshire.⁠^[82] In fact there was an Edward Francis baptized in Dudleston on 1 June 1800,⁠^[83] and this seems to be the only baptism record FamilySearch has for an Edward Francis baptized in 1800 anywhere in England. But the Fifehead Magdalen baptism is a better fit for our Edward, since Fifehead Magdalen is only about 6 kilometres from Stalbridge.

A FamilySearch record says that an Edward Francis married an Elizabeth True in Todber⁠^[84] on 17 November 1821,⁠^[85] and another says that Edward Francis married Elizabeth True in Fifehead Magdalen on 21 October 1821.⁠^[86] We can safely conclude that the actual marriage was in Todber on 17 November and that 21 October was the date of the third publication of the banns in Fifehead Magdalen. Furthermore, since marriages were usually held in the bride's home parish, it seems likely that Elizabeth True was from Todber and Edward Francis was from Fifehead Magdalen.

An image of the Todber marriage record is available on ancestry.com, and it says "Edward Francis of the Parish of Fifehead Magdalen and Elizabeth True of this Parish were married in this Church by Banns this seventeenth Day of November in the Year One thousand eight hundred and twenty one".

A John Francis, son of Edward and Elizabeth, was baptized in Todber on 11 February 1822,⁠^[87] and a George Francis, son of Edward and Elizabeth, was baptized in Bradford Peverell⁠^[88] on 25 August 1825.⁠^[89]

Bradford Peverell is a relatively long way from Fifehead Magdalen, Stalbridge and the others, but at least is only about five kilometres from Long Bredy, where George's half sister Elizabeth may have been born. An image of George's baptism record shows that Edward was a labourer and the family abode was at Muckleford.

Since the above baptism dates for John and George fit so well with the ages of the John and George who applied for free passage to Australia, it is all starting to look reasonably convincing. Edward Francis was probably born in Fifehead Magdalen in 1801, turned 37 in 1838 and could have still been only 37 in 1839 when he applied for free passage to South Australia. He married Elizabeth True when he was 20; she died shortly after giving birth to their son George in 1825. He then married Elizabeth Bazle, who died within a year or two of their marriage, and finally married Sarah Clark, with whom he had six children, four born in Dorset and two in South Australia.

It is likely that Mary Ann was baptized somewhere in the north of Dorset, and the record of her baptism has been lost. Perhaps some vicar simply forgot to record it in the baptism register. It just seems very implausible that she was born in Staffordshire, and unless someone can find a baptism record (or some other evidence) to support it, the claim that she was born in Staffordshire can be dismissed as an unexplained error.

If someone can find an 1833 baptism in Staffordshire for a Mary Ann Francis, daughter of Edward and Sarah or Edward and Elizabeth, that would explain the error, but it would still be extremely unlikely that the Dorset Edward Francis and wife would have been in Staffordshire in 1833. There could have been many couples in England named Edward and Sarah or Elizabeth Francis.

Admittedly, it is very surprising that Edward Francis seems to have been in so many different places in Dorset at different times.

What is desperately needed is some statement from a descendant definitively detailing the information that has been handed down from Edward and Sarah. A photograph or scanned copy of a family bible page would be nice.

Mary Ann and Thomas Kennewell

We can now turn to the relatively more straighforward task of following Mary Ann's life in South Australia.

There seems to be no record of Thomas Kennewell's movements between his arrival in South Australia in August 1846 and his marriage to Mary Ann in May 1850.

The website localwiki.org/adelaide-hills has several pages containing data about documents that were originally deposited in the South Australian General Register Office, including deeds and records of land and other similar transactions prior to the introduction of Torrens title in 1858. In particular, their "GRO Merge 'K'" page⁠^[90] mentions four Kennewell documents:

• Memorial 151/264 (1873): Jonathan Kennewell labourer Brompton eldest son and heir at law of the late Richard Kennewell formerly labourer Brompton now deceased intestate;
• Memorial 340/44 (1852): Richard Kennewell labourer Brompton;
• Memorial 418/55 (1853[-1857]): Thomas Kennewell labourer Brompton;
• Memorial 399/97 (1856): Thomas Kennewell teamster Lower Wakefield Special Survey.

It looks as though Richard (Thomas's father) and Jonathan (Thomas's brother) lived in Brompton. It would appear also that in 1853 Thomas signed a four year lease on a property in Brompton, and in 1856 was a party to a transaction involving a property that was part of the Lower Wakefield Special Survey. It would be possible and worthwhile to obtain copies of the memorials and find out exactly where these properties were.

Interestingly, the "GRO Merge 'Fo' - 'Fy'" page⁠^[91] on localwiki.org/adelaide-hills tells us that William Francis, teamster, was also party to Memorial 399/97. This William Francis was surely Thomas's brother-in-law.

To clarify the meaning of "Lower Wakefield Special Survey" it is necessary to digress somewhat.

On 1 October 1835 the colonization commissioners for South Australia issued "regulations for the disposal of land", one of which read as follows:⁠^[92]

That any one who shall pay in advance to the proper officer, either in England or in the colony, the price of 4000 acres of land or upwards, shall have a right, for every 4000 acres thus paid for, to call on the colonial commissioner to survey any compact district within colony of an extent not exceeding 15000 acres, and within a time after such survey to select his land from any part of such district before any other applicant.

Surveys ordered in this way were called "special surveys"; the price charged was £1 per acre.⁠^[93] This system, which helped speed up the surveying of land, had the drawback of allowing speculators the opportunity to gain control of large amounts of the best land. It was discontinued in May 1841.

On 10 March 1840 John Morphett ordered four thousand acres in "The Valleys of the Wakefield and its Tributaries"⁠^[94] on behalf of Captain George R. Lambert R.N., Edward Rice Esq. M.P. and Robt. A. Slaney Esq. M.P., and on 12 December 1840 he ordered four thousand acres in "The upper part of the Valley of the Wakefield, commencing from the Northern Boundary of the Survey taken by Capt. George R. Lambert R.N., Edward Rice Esq. M.P., and Robert A. Slaney Esq., M.P. on the 11th March, 1840, including the Sources of the River Hill" but not interfering with any other survey previously demanded, on behalf of Arthur Young Esq. of Aberdeen.⁠^[95] These two Special Surveys of the Wakefield were opened for public selection in January 1842.⁠^[96]

It is hard to determine where the Lower Wakefield survey ended and the Upper Wakefield survey began, and it seems that when the Hundred of Upper Wakefield was proclaimed, on 14 November 1850,⁠^[97] it included most of the land from the Lower Wakefield survey and not all of the land from the Upper Wakefield survey.

This must have caused some confusion. For example, an advertisement in The Adelaide Observer  on 16 December 1854 refers to sections of land in the Hundred of Lower Wakefield within two miles of the Auburn Mill;⁠^[98] however, there was never any "Hundred of Lower Wakefield", and Auburn⁠^[99] is in the middle of the Hundred of Upper Wakefield.⁠^[29]

Errors in the Government Gazette certainly would not help eliminate confusion. On page 3 of the Gazette of 4 August 1842 we find "Errata in the notification of Selections in the Gazette, of 21st July, 1842", including "for Upper Wakefield, read Lower Wakefield" and "for Lower Wakefield, read Upper Wakefield".⁠^[100] Consulting the notification of Selections referred to,⁠^[101] we see that indeed "Upper Wakefield & Hill" was given as the district for the survey of Lambert, Rice and Slaney, and "Lower Wakefield" was given as the district for the survey of Arthur Young, when it should have been the other way round.

However, there was a worse error: the sections listed alongside Arthur Young's name are those selected by Lambert, Rice and Slaney, and vice versa. The errata notice should really have said "for Lambert, Rice and Slaney read Young, and vice versa". Similarly, on page 3 of the Gazette of 4 August 1842, just above the errata notice, "Lambert, Wright and Slaney" should be "Young", and "Lower Wakefield and Hill" should be "Upper Wakefield and Hill".

Section 171, wrongly listed alongside Lambert, Rice and Slaney, is in the Hundred of Clare,⁠^[102] about a mile and a half (120 chains) east of Penwortham, and contains part of the upper reaches of the Hill River. A John Francis—probably Mary Ann's half brother—obtained title to this section in October 1864, and the title certificate states that the section was originally granted to Arthur Young.⁠^[103]

The sections in the Hundred of Clare wrongly listed alongside Lambert, Rice and Slaney were those numbered 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 166, 168, 170 and 171, and (from the Gazette of 4 August 1842) those numbered 321, 322, 323 and 324, which together form a contiguous collection having 171 at the southern end, and 173 and 174, which are adjacent to one another, 174 being on the border with Upper Wakefield. The other sections listed (presumably wrongly) alongside Lambert, Rice and Slaney are in the Hundred of Upper Wakefield, except for two in the Hundred of Stanley, and form a contiguous collection alongside the Wakefield upstream from its junction with Eyre's Creek, just north of Auburn. (Remember that the sections were numbered many years before the Hundreds were proclaimed and before Auburn came into existence.)

The sections that should have been listed listed alongside Lambert, Rice and Slaney are surely those that were listed alongside Arthur Young. They lie along Eyre's Creek from Watervale to the Wakefield, and then along the Wakefield to Undalya. Also included are a few below Undalya, and six along Rice's Creek. So apparently the Lower Wakefield survey extended as far north as Watervale and included much of Rice's Creek, but did not include the Wakefield upstream from Eyre's Creek.

It is quite likely that John Morphett decided the placing of the border between Upper Wakefield and Lower Wakefield after the land had been surveyed.

Two sections wrongly listed alongside Arthur Young were Section 283 (slightly north of Undalya) and Section 278 (about a mile north of Undalya). William Isaacson obtained title to Section 283 in July 1861, and the title certificate states that the section was originally granted to George Robert Lambert.⁠^[104] John Place obtained title to half of Section 278 in February 1862, and again the title certificate states that the section was originally granted to George Robert Lambert.⁠^[105]

Captain Lambert (later Admiral Sir G. R. Lambert) remained in England, but his son (also George Robert Lambert) came to South Australia and managed his father's affairs.⁠^[106]⁠^[107] Presumably William Isaacson and John Place originally rented and eventually bought their sections from G. R. Lambert.

Perhaps these days Lower Wakefield should refer to the Wakefield below Undalya (where it is joined by Pine Creek and starts flowing in a more westerly direction). This part of the Wakefield forms the southerly boundaries of the Hundreds of Upper Wakefield, Hall, Stow and Goyder, in the County of Stanley,⁠^[108] and northerly boundaries of the Hundreds of Alma, Dalkey, Balaklava and Inkerman, in the County of Gawler.⁠^[109] From May 1856, for the purposes of registration of births, deaths and marriages, the former four Hundreds were in the District of Clare and the latter four in the District of Gilbert.⁠^[110] The Hundred of Upper Wakefield became a separate registration district (called Upper Wakefield) in June 1867.⁠^[111]

On 2 January 1857 a fire near Auburn had disastrous consequences for several farms in the area. Thomas Kennewell and his father-in-law both suffered significant loss.⁠^[112]

An awful and calamitous fire occurred on Friday last, near Auburn. It is supposed to have commenced from a little south of Auburn … it spread with fearful rapidity, carrying destruction as it went. … We are sorry to say that it has done a fearful amount of damage. The greatest sufferers that we have learnt as yet, are the following:—Mr Place, living about two and a half miles south of Auburn, fourteen acres of wheat stacked, a lot of poultry, and part of his fence, in addition to many little things lying about his premises. Mr Isaacson, his next neighbour, lost seven acres of wheat standing; but, fortunately for him, although carrying destruction to others, the wind changed, or the whole of his crop must have gone. The nearest neighbour to him, Andrew Symes, lost about 150 bushels of wheat. The next one was Thomas Kennewell, who lost all he depended on, ten acres of wheat, a lot of pigs, fowls, outhouses, bullock-dray, and lots of little things. The next sufferer is Francis, who has lost fifty acres of wheat, barn, outhouses, fences, and horses, that were burnt to that extent that they are not expected to live. …

Here is another account.⁠^[113]

[The fire] ran through Lambert's upper paddock, and caught two stacks of wheat of Place's, just stacked the day before. The tarpaulin it was covered with blew in pieces across the Wakefield, and caught A. Symes's stack, and Francis's, who has lost everything he had on the ground, besides having two horses shockingly burnt. Pigs and fowls were roasted alive. Kenewell, Isaacson, and all the neighbours around have suffered more or less. The fire continued towards the Stone Hut …

Stone Hut was an old name for Saddleworth.⁠^[114]

The report of the fire just quoted is followed by a report of the subsequent inquest, in which Thomas Kennewell is referred to as "Thomas Kennaway", and a later item, concerned with the relief fund, calls him "Thomas Rennewell".⁠^[115] But this item does confirm that the Francis, Place and Isaacson of the other reports were Edward Francis, John Place and William Isaacson.

The names of Edward Francis, Thomas Rennewell and Andrew Francis occur (consecutively) in a list of electors of the District of Burra and Clare who publicly asked Edward McEllister Esq. to stand for election to the House of Assembly⁠^[116] as representative for their district.⁠^[117]

Observe that G. R. Lambert made a sizeable contribution to the fire relief fund.⁠^[115]

We can certainly conclude from all the above that in January 1857 Thomas Kennewell and Edward Francis were farming land very near to the sections occupied by Place and Isaacson. In fact, from the second account above we can apparently deduce that Symes and Francis were across the Wakefield from Place. From the map, Sections 277, 279 and 281 are possibilities.⁠^[29]

Recall that in November 1858 Edward Francis purchased Section 193 in the Hundred of Saddleworth, alongside Pine Creek. This is right next to the sections that were ravaged by the fire in January 1857. But Edward's certificate of title for Section 193 tells us that the section was first sold by the government in December 1857.⁠^[118] So Edward Francis could not have been occupying it at the time of the fire,

Andrew Symes, who had apparently been Edward Francis's neighbour at the time of the fire, was again his neighbour in 1858. He purchased Sections 239, 298 and 299 in the Hundred of Saddleworth, adjoining Section 193, in August 1858.⁠^[119] Andrew Symes purchased these sections when they were first released by the government; so he could not have been occupying them at the time of the fire.⁠^[120]

Thomas and Mary Ann Kennewell had fourteen children:

• William Henry, born 26 November 1850, died 31 March 1904;
• George Richard, born 15 April 1852, died 4 August 1924;
• Elizabeth Ann, born 27 February 1854, died 21 March 1854;
• Sarah Jane, born 27 February 1854, died 1 January 1866;
• Jonathan Thomas, born 14 January 1855, died 1941;
• Edward Walter, born 26 January 1858, died 1915;
• Mark Albert, born 24 June 1860, died 14 May 1931;
• Andrew James, born 6 November 1862, died 16 September 1903;
• Charles Francis, born 18 March 1865;
• Eliza Rebecca, born 16 March 1868, died 1938;
• Percy Augustus, born 13 January 1871, died 29 December 1931;
• Mary Jane, born 22 August 1872, died 19 December 1872;
• Ernest Alfred, born 8 November 1873, died 8 October 1891;
• Joseph Samuel, born 30 January 1876, died 1935.

The births of the first seven of these, with the exception of George Richard, were included in the "Births South Australia 1836 to 1860" database formerly provided by familyhistorysa.org. For William Henry the surname was recorded as Kennaway, and for Edward Walter the surname was recorded as Kenewell. The other four were all Kennewells. Elizabeth, Sarah and Jonathan were born at Brompton, William Henry was born near Gawler, Edward was born at Lower Wakefield, and Mark Albert was born at Pine Creek. Using GenealogySA's Online Database Search⁠^[121] we find that the births of Thomas, Sarah, Elizabeth and Jonathon were registered in the Adelaide district, while those of Edward and Mark were registered in the Gilbert and Clare districts respectively. (No doubt all of these births appear in the book "South Australian births, index of registrations 1842 to 1906".)⁠^[122]

According to the baptism register of St George's Church Gawler, William Henry, son of Thomas and Mary Ann Kennaway, was born on 6 November 1850 and baptized on 22 June 1851. The register says that Thomas Kennaway was a farm servant and the family lived at Black Park, North Para.⁠^[123]

Mary Ann's brother Alfred, who was born at Meadows in 1847, was baptized at St George's, Gawler, on 19 May 1950. Furthermore, the baptism register says that his father, Edward, was a farmer at Black Park, North Para.⁠^[124] So it rather looks as though Thomas Kennewell was a farm servant on his father-in-law's farm.

Surely "Black Park" above was an error (committed twice): it should have been Blair Park, which, as we saw previously, was Section 19 in the Hundred of Nuriootpa.

George Richard's birth was apparently not registered, but a baptism record exists, and an image of it is available online.⁠^[125] It contains the information that George Richard was baptized at Christ Church North Adelaide on 2 May 1852 and was born on 15 April 1852, that his parents were named Thomas and Mary Ann, surname Kennewall, that his father was an agriculturist, and that the family abode was near Wakefield River, North.

As mentioned previously, Sarah Jane Kennewell was baptized at Christ Church on 16 April 1854; the baptism register entry says that Thomas was a Laborer, the family lived at Brompton, and Sarah was born on 27 February 1854.⁠^[14] Edward Walter Kennewell was baptized at Christ Church on 2 May 1858; the baptism register entry says that Thomas was a Laborer, the family lived at Wakefield River, and Edward was born on 26 January 1858.⁠^[126]

So it appears that Thomas and Mary Ann lived near Gawler in 1850 and near the Wakefield in 1852. They may have lived with Mary Ann's parents for these years. From 1853 to about 1855 they were apparently back in Brompton, before they again moved north. They were clearly well established somewhere south of Auburn when the fire struck in January 1857.

For the children born after 1860, the birth years (but not precise dates) are freely available from the GenealogySA website,⁠^[121] as are the names of the districts in which the births were registered. More detailed information is available in South Australian births, index of registrations 1842 to 1906,⁠^[127] which can be found at the State Library of South Australia.⁠^[128] For Charles Francis the index has the surname as Kemewell.

The districts in which the births were registered were as follows: the Clare district for Andrew James, the Adelaide district for Charles Francis, the Upper Wakefield district for Eliza Rebecca, and the Barossa district for Percy Augustus, Mary Jane, Ernest Alfred and Joseph Samuel.

We cannot, however, deduce that Charles Francis was born anywhere near Adelaide. Instructions published by the Registrar-General in 1855 say that births that did not occur within the boundaries of any of the proclaimed districts were deemed to be in the Adelaide district.⁠^[129] According to his FamilySearch profile,⁠^[130] Charles Francis Kennewell was born at Blinman Mine,⁠^[131] and in 1865 the registration districts did not extend that far north. (The District of Frome was proclaimed in 1857⁠^[132] but did not include Blinman until its boundaries were redefined⁠^[133] in 1874.)

An article about Mr and Mrs Jonathan Kennewell published in 1837 gives some information about the Blinman episode.⁠^[134] Here is the relevant excerpt:

[Jonathan Thomas Kennewell] was born at Reedbeds, and when only 10 years of age went to Blinman to assist his father and uncle in working a mine. The party remained there for three and a half years, during which time only one shower of rain fell. Drought killed all their bullocks, and the party, left without transport, was forced to abandon the mine and about 70 tons of copper ore. Mr. Kennewell does not know what became of the ore, but his party did not realise a penny on it.

Perhaps they went to Blinman in 1864, when Jonathan was almost 10, were there when Charles was born in March 1865, left in late 1867, and were back in Upper Wakefield when Eliza Rebecca was born in March 1868.

Presumably the uncle was one of Thomas Kennewell's brothers, and it would be nice to know which. Since his brother Richard had moved to Victoria and his brother George had died in 1860, it must have been either his oldest brother Jonathan or his youngest brother James.

According to their FamilySearch profiles, Eliza Rebecca was born at Undalya,⁠^[135] Percy Augustus and Ernest Alfred were born at Barossa Diggings,⁠^[136]⁠^[137] Mary Jane was born at Yatta Creek,⁠^[138] and Joseph Samuel was born at Humbug Scrub.⁠^[139]

There is confirmation that the Kennewells were living at Humbug Scrub in 1876 (the year of Joseph Samuel's birth), in that a death notice in The South Australian Register  on 14 September 1876 says that Edward Francis died on 25 August at the residence of his son-in-law, at Humbug Scrub.⁠^[140]

It is quite possible Thomas Kennewell gave up agriculture as a way of life after the 1857 fire. He had evidently learned about copper mining before 1865, and shortly after returning from Blinman he took up searching for gold.

A letter about "Sim's Rush", published on 21 October 1887 in the Gawler newspaper The Bunyip, tells us that W. Daws and Tom Kennewell were prospectors on the Barossa goldfields at the time of "the old Barossa Rush, 21 years ago this month".⁠^[141]

In fact the Barossa gold rush was in October 1868, not October 1866.⁠^[142] Consulting a map of the Hundred of Barossa⁠^[143] and a newspaper article from 1868,⁠^[144] we can see that the Barossa diggings were located south-west of the former township of Barossa, and about halfway between Cockatoo Valley and the South Para River (which forms the southern boundary of the Hundred).

The W. Daws referred to in the Sim's Rush letter was undoubtedly William Richard Manly Dawes, whose daughters Mary and Emily married William Henry Kennewell and Edward Walter Kennewell, sons of Thomas and Mary Ann. It appears that Thomas formed a partnership with W. R. M. Dawes on the goldfields.

Kennewell, presumably Thomas, is mentioned in an item about the Barossa goldfields in The Express and Telegraph  on 26 August 1871:⁠^[145]

… A new discovery has been made by a reefing party (Kennewell) in the Humbug. Being recently shown a piece of metallic stone, said to contain bismuth, he exclaimed—"If it does, and that metal is of value, I know where to get plenty of it in a lode I found several years ago." A visit to the locus in quo  followed, and the discoverer's statements were confirmed. …

After Humbug Scrub Thomas and Mary Ann moved to the vicinity of Broken Hill,⁠^[146] although it is not clear when they moved. A rootsweb world-connect page (already mentioned above)⁠^[60] says that Thomas Kennewell, his son William Henry Kennewell and grandson Walter Charles Kennewell worked a limestone quarry at Acacia, between Silverton and Broken Hill, supplying flux to the Broken Hill smelters. The page goes on to say that the parents of the children at Acacia built their own school, financed by charging a shilling a week, as the governemt refused to erect one. Evidently, this is all information handed down through the family.

As we have already said, Mary Ann Kennewell died in Silverton on 26 December 1907.

Thomas died in Silverton on 8 May 1912.⁠^[147] He was buried on 9 May.⁠^[148]

Sources

1. ↑ Conjectural passenger list for the Rajasthan,  from the "Bound for South Australia" passenger list collection compiled by Di Cummings.
2. ↑ A free passage to paradise? : passenger lists of United Kingdom emigrants who applied for free passage to South Australia 1836-1840, compiled by Pat Button, South Australian Genealogy and Heraldry Society, Adelaide, c1992.
3. ↑ Index to register of emigrant labourers applying for a free passage to South Australia, 1836-1841, compiled by Douglas Pike from records held in the Public Record Office, London.
4. ↑ Longburton: Wikipedia article.
5. ↑ Embarkation Register. Land purchasers and labourers. National Archive Catalogue Reference CO 386/148.
6. ↑ Register of emigrant labourers' applications for a free passage to South Australia, 6065–6090: FamilySearch film # 008156887, image 109 of 685.
7. ↑ Edwardstown, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
8. ↑ Birth and baptism of Mark Francis: Church of England baptisms in the Province of South Australia, FamilySearch film # 007720188.
9. ↑ Meadows, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
10. ↑ Marriage of Thomas Kenwell and Mary Ann Francis: marriage register of St George's Church at Gawler, FamilySearch film # 008149505, image 225 of 625.
11. ↑ Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide: Wikipedia article.
12. ↑ George Sawley and Elizabeth Francis, 25 December 1849: Church of England in Australia, Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide, parish registers, marriages 1836–1869. FamilySearch film # 008137226, image 225 of 534 (eighth marriage in this image).
13. ↑ Christ Church, North Adelaide: Wikipedia article.
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1} Baptisms of George Sawley and Sarah Jane Kennewell, 16 April 1854: Church of England in Australia, Christ Church (North Adelaide) baptism register; FamilySearch film # 008137247, image 21 of 352.
15. ↑ Gawler, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
16. ↑ Clare, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
17. ↑ Courts of Revision: The Adelaide Times  (SA 1848–1858), 9 May 1851, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 15 August 2020.)
18. ↑ Courts of Revision: The Adelaide Times  (SA 1848–1858), 10 May 1851, page 5. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 15 August 2020.)
19. ↑ North Para River: Wikipedia article.
20. ↑ Map of the Hundred of Nuriootpa: Surveyor General's Office, Adelaide, Frazer S. Crawford Photo-lithographer, October 1890. (Click the map to see it at full resolution.)
21. ↑ Google Maps satellite view,showing the Bruce Eastick North Para Flood Mitigation Dam.
22. ↑ Blair Park for sale: The Adelaide Observer  (SA 1843–1904), 31 December 1853, page 1, column 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 23 January 2021.)
23. ↑ Coroner's inquest: The South Australian Register  (Adelaide SA 1839–1900), 7 October 1853, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 22 August 2020.)
24. ↑ Francis—Edwards: The South Australian Advertiser  (Adelaide SA 1858–1889), 9 December 1868, page 6, Family Notices. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 6 August 2020.)
25. ↑ Rhynie, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
26. ↑ Penwortham, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
27. ↑ River Wakefield: Wikipedia article.
28. ↑ Undalya, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
29. ↑ ^{29.0 29.1 29.2} Map of the Hundred of Upper Wakefield: Surveyor General's Office, Adelaide, A. Vaughan Photo-lithographer, August 1893.
30. ↑ ^{30.0 30.1} Map of the Hundred of Saddleworth: Surveyor General's Office, Adelaide, A. Vaughan Photo-lithographer, November 1891.
31. ↑ Real Property Act Notices: The South Australian Register  (Adelaide SA 1839–1900), 15 October&nbsap;1858, page 1, Public Notices. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 15 August 2020.)
32. ↑ Torrens title: Wikipedia article.
33. ↑ Title Image Search at SAILIS (Land Services SA): search for Register CT, Volume 2, Folio 85. (You get taken to a page where you must tick a box to confirm the order, but there is no charge.)
34. ↑ Title Image Search at SAILIS (Land Services SA): search for Register CT, Volume 29, Folio 20.
35. ↑ Marriage records, 1841-1927 (St Mark's Penwortham): FamilySearch catalog entry.
36. ↑ Estate of William Francis: South Australia, Probate and administration books (State Records of South Australia, GRS 16377/1/12/10A). FamilySearch film # 103207968.
37. ↑ Biographical index of South Australians 1836-1885: Jill Statton, Marden S. A., (ed.), South Australian Genealogy and Heraldry Society, 1986.
38. ↑ Buckland Newton: Wikipedia article.
39. ↑ Edward Francis and Elizabeth Bayle, 1827: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001", database with images (FamilySearch, 20 May 2020).
40. ↑ Death of Elizabeth Sawley, wife of Wliiam: The Express and Telegraph  (Adelaide SA 1867–1922), 17 November 1891, page 2, Family Notices. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 6 August 2020.)
41. ↑ Peterborough, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
42. ↑ Death of Elizabeth Sawley, widow of George: The Express and Telegraph  (Adelaide SA 1867–1922), 7 May 1919 (5 o'clock edition), page 2, Family Notices. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 6 August 2020.)
43. ↑ Silverton, New South Wales: Wikipedia article.
44. ↑ Death Search: New South Wales Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages. (Search for Kennewell between 26/12/1907 and 27/12/1907.)
45. ↑ Mary Ann Kennewell, died at Silverton on 26 December 1907: The Advertiser  (Adelaide SA 1889–1931), 25 January 1908, page 8, "In Memoriam". (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 6 August 2020.)
46. ↑ Find a Grave memorial page for Mary Ann Kennewell (10 Feb 1833–27 Dec 1907): Silverton Historical Cemetery, Silverton, New South Wales, Australia (accessed 29 March 2024). Memorial maintained by Ann Sainsbury (contributor 47711978).
47. ↑ Burial of Richard Kenevell, 24 September 1864: Hindmarsh cemetery records, provided by the City of Charles Sturt, 72 Woodville Road, Woodville SA 5011.
48. ↑ Wentworth, New South Wales: Wikipedia article.
49. ↑ Jane Kennewell's death certificate, New South Wales Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages.
50. ↑ Burial of Elizabeth Cant, 12 December 1852: Hindmarsh Cemetery records, provided by the City of Charles Sturt, 72 Woodville Road, Woodville SA 5011.
51. ↑ Mary Ann Francis, entry in "Community Trees" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020). File (2:2:2:MMDX-4KC), submitted 10 March 2015 by FamilySearch.
52. ↑ Mary Ann Francis: "Pedigree Resource File" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020); file (2:2:2:MMSD-D7H), submitted 10 May 2011.
53. ↑ Mary Ann Francis: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "International Genealogical Index (IGI)" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020). Entry for Mary Ann Francis, submitted by catkins1145052 [identity withheld for privacy]; no source information is available.
54. ↑ Mary Ann Francis: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "International Genealogical Index (IGI)" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020). Entry for Mary Ann Francis, submitted by knfoster795768 [identity withheld for privacy]; no source information is available.
55. ↑ Mary Ann Francis: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "International Genealogical Index (IGI)" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020). Entry for Mary Ann Francis, submitted by jngraham750174 [identity withheld for privacy]; no source information is available.
56. ↑ Mary Ann Francis: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "International Genealogical Index (IGI)" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020). Entry for Mary Ann Francis, submitted by kpeate921988 [identity withheld for privacy]; no source information is available.
57. ↑ Mary Ann Francis: "MyTrees.com" database (FamilySearch, accessed 7 August 2020). File (2:2:2:MMX4-LD5), submitted 2 January&nsp;2020.
58. ↑ Andrew James Kennewell tree, on ancestry.com.au.
59. ↑ Mary Ann Francis, in Cathy Faber-Zandstra's tree on Geneanet.
60. ↑ ^{60.0 60.1} Mary Ann Francis in Kennewell tree, Rootsweb.
61. ↑ Andrews Family Tree on MyHeritage.
62. ↑ Burnhill Green, Staffordshire, according to Genealogy Archives.
63. ↑ Patshull, Staffordshire, according to Genealogy Archives.
64. ↑ Staffordshire collection digitisation project, Staffordshire County Council (accessed 10 August 2020).
65. ↑ Stalbridge: Wikipedia article.
66. ↑ Andrew Francis, 1837: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001", database with images (FamilySearch, 13 May 2020).
67. ↑ Marnhull: Wikipedia article.
68. ↑ Marriage of Edward Francis and Sarah Clark: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 12 September 2017), Dorset > Marnhull, Marnhull > Marriages, 1819-1841 > image 33 of 73; Dorset History Centre, Bridport Road, Dorchester.
69. ↑ Edward Francis and Sarah Clark, 1830: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 2 June 2020).
70. ↑ Edward Frances and Sarah Street, 1826: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 2 June 2020).
71. ↑ Edwin Francis, 1826: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 13 May 2020).
72. ↑ Mary Ann Francis, 1828: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 13 May 2020).
73. ↑ Edward Francis, 1832: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 13 May 2020).
74. ↑ Sarah Francis's household in East Stour at the 1841 census (piece 293 book 15, folio 7, page 8). Free UK Genealogy "General Register Office: 1841 Census Returns database", FreeCEN (accessed 8 August 2020).
75. ↑ Long Bredy: Wikipedia article.
76. ↑ Elizabeth Francis, 1831: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 13 May 2020).
77. ↑ Kingston Russell: Wikipedia article.
78. ↑ William Frances, 1835: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 7 December 2017).
79. ↑ Sandford Orcas, Somerset: information from A Vision of Britain through Time,  (provided by the University of Portsmouth).
80. ↑ Sherborne: Wikipedia article.
81. ↑ Fifehead Magdalen: Wikipedia article.
82. ↑ Edward Francis profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
83. ↑ Edward Francis, 1800: "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975" database (FamilySearch, 21 March 2020).
84. ↑ Todber: Wikipedia article.
85. ↑ Edward Francis and Elizabeth True, 1821: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 2 June  2020).
86. ↑ Edward Francis and Elizabeth True, 1821: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch  June 2020).
87. ↑ John Francis, 1822: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 14 May 2020)
88. ↑ Bradford Peverell: Wikipedia article.
89. ↑ George Francis, 1825: "England, Dorset, Parish Registers, 1538-2001" database with images (FamilySearch, 14 May 2020).
90. ↑ Extracts from SA General Registry Office (GRO) Information (names beginning with 'K'): data compiled by Reg Butler and others.
91. ↑ Extracts from SA General Registry Office (GRO) Information (names beginning with 'Fo' to 'Fy'): data compiled by Reg Butler and others.
92. ↑ Page 35 of "The History of the Rise and Progress of the New British Province of South Australia: Including Particulars Descriptive of Its Soil, Climate, Natural Productions, &c. …", by John Stephens (Smith, Elder & Co., Cornhill, London, 1839, 2nd ed.). Digitized by Google on 1 October 2007 from an original at Oxford University.
93. ↑ Robert Cock, Land Agent: The South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register  (Adelaide SA 1836–1839), 3 November 1838, page 3, Advertising. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 19 August 2020.)
94. ↑ South Australian Goverment Gazette, No 112, 12 March 1840, page 1, provided by the Australasian Legal Information Institute.
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102. ↑ Map of the Hundred of Clare, Surveyor General's Office, Adelaide, F. S. Crawford Photo-lithographer, December 1867.
103. ↑ Title Image Search at SAILIS (Land Services SA): search for Register CT, Volume 58, Folio 64.
104. ↑ Title Image Search at SAILIS (Land Services SA): search for Register CT, Volume 22, Folio 41.
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106. ↑ George Robert Lambert, of Surrey: The Adelaide Observer  (SA 1843ndash;1904), 12 February 1853, page 4, column 6 (near bottom), advertising. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 20 July 2020.)
107. ↑ Lunacy Inquiry: The South Australian Register  (Adelaide SA 1839–1900), 7 April 1871, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 20 July 2020.)
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112. ↑ Alarming bush fire near Auburn: The Adelaide Times  (SA 1848–1858), 7 January 1857, page 2, Local Intelligence. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 11 July 2020.)
113. ↑ Fire at Upper Wakefield: The Adelaide Observer  (SA 1843–1904), 10 January 1857, page 5. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 16 August 2020.)
114. ↑ Saddleworth: The South Australian Register  (Adelaide SA 1839–1900), 22  July 1859, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 21 August 2020.)
115. ↑ ^{115.0 115.1} Upper Wakefield Bush Fire: The Adelaide Observer  (SA 1843–1904), 11 July 1857, page 1. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 16 August 2020.)
116. ↑ South Australian House of Assembly: Wikipedia article.
117. ↑ To Edward McEllister Esq.: The South Australian Weekly Chronicle  (Adelaide SA 1858–1867), 4 September 1858, Advertising, page 8. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 16 August 2020.)
118. ↑ Title Image Search at SAILIS (Land Services SA): search for Register CT, Volume 2, Folio 85.
119. ↑ Title Image Search at SAILIS (Land Services SA): search for Register CT, Volume 1, Folio 52.
120. ↑ Yesterday's government land sale: The South Australian Register  (Adelaide SA 1839–1900), 9 July 1858, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 22 August 2020.)
121. ↑ ^{121.0 121.1} Online Database Search provided by GenealogySA.
122. ↑ State Library of South Australia catalogue, entry for "South Australian births, index of registrations 1842 to 1906", Jan Thomas (editor and project co-ordinator), South Australian Genealogy and Heraldry Society, 1997.
123. ↑ Baptism of William Henry Kennaway, St George's Church Gawler: FamilySearch film # 008149505, image 192 of 625.
124. ↑ Baptism of Alfred Francis, St George's Church Gawler: FamilySearch film # 008149505, image 187 of 625.
125. ↑ Birth and baptism of George Richard Kennewell, 1852: Church of England in Australia, Christ Church (North Adelaide) baptism register; FamilySearch film # 008137247, image 14 of 352.
126. ↑ Birth and Baptism of Edward Walter Kennewell, 1858: Church of England in Australia, Christ Church (North Adelaide) baptism register; FamilySearch film # 008137247, image 35 of 352.
127. ↑ South Australian births, index of registrations 1842 to 1906, edited by Jan Thomas, South Australian Genealogy & Heraldry Society (Adelaide, South Australia) 1997.
128. ↑ Catalogue information for South Australian births, index of registrations 1842 to 1906,  at the State Library of South Australia.
129. ↑ South Australian Government Gazette, 4 October 1855, page 751: Information for parties desiring to register births, deaths and marriages.
130. ↑ Charles Francis Kennewell's profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
131. ↑ Blinman: Wikipedia article.
132. ↑ South Australian Government Gazette, 23 July 1857, page 562: District of Frome.
133. ↑ South Australian Government Gazette, 24 December 1874, pages 2476 and 2477: registration districts.
134. ↑ Married 60 years: The News  (Adelaide SA 1923–1954), 9 July 1937, page 8. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 16 August 2020.)
135. ↑ Eliza Rebecca Kennewell's profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
136. ↑ Percy Augustus Kennewell's profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
137. ↑ Ernest Alfred Kennewell's profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
138. ↑ Mary Jane Kennewell's profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
139. ↑ Joseph Samuel Kennewell's profile in FamilyTree on FamilySearch.
140. ↑ Death of Edward Francis: The South Australian Register  (Adelaide SA 1839–1900), 14 September  1876, page 4, Family Notices. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 11 July 2020.)
141. ↑ Sim's Rush: The Bunyip  (Gawler SA 1863–1954), 21 October 1887, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 11 July 2020.)
142. ↑ Barossa Goldfields, South Australia: Wikipedia article.
143. ↑ Hundred of Barossa: Surveyor General's Office, Adelaide, June 1901, A. Vaughan Photo-lithographer.
144. ↑ The Barossa gold discovery: The Express and Telegraph  (Adelaide SA 1867–1922), 5 October 1868 (late eddition), page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 26 July 2020.)
145. ↑ The gold fields: The Express and Telegraph  (Adelaide SA 1867–1922), 26 August 1871, page 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 11 July 2020.)
146. ↑ Broken Hill, New South Wales: Wikipedia article.
147. ↑ Death Search: New South Wales Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages. (Search from 08/05/1912 to 09/05/1912.)
148. ↑ Funeral Notices: The Barrier Miner  (Broken Hill NSW 1888–1954), 8 May 1912, page 1 column 3. (National Library of Australia, Digitised Australian Newspapers, retrieved 4 July 2020.)

The original version of this profile was created by a GEDCOM import :

Birth:

User ID: 524BB78ED9AD044C300192155B1FB1EA

Record ID Number: MH:IF60893

Date: 10 FEB 1833

Place: Burnhill Green, Staffordshire, England

Death:

User ID: 524BB78ED9B3944C500192155B1FB1EA

Record ID Number: MH:IF60895

Date: 26 DEC 1907

Place: Silverton, New South Wales, Australia

Record ID Number: MH:I2199

User ID: 524BB78ED9B6C44C600192155B1FB1EA

UPD 02 OCT 2013 15:35:02 GMT+9.5

Immigration:

User ID: 524BB78ED9B0944C400192155B1FB1EA

Record ID Number: MH:IF60894

Date: 6 FEB 1840

Place: Port Adelaide, South Australia, Australia onboard the ship RAJASTHAN

Source: S109 Record ID Number: MH:S104 User ID: 524BB78F3C50244C700192155B1FB1EA Author: Phil Honour Title: HONOUR FAMILY TREE 2012 Web Site Text: MyHeritage.com family tree CONT Family site: HONOUR FAMILY TREE 2012 Web Site CONT Family tree: HONOUR FAMILY TREE 2012 Media: 179568142-1 Type: Smart Matching Record ID Number: MH:SC1623 Page: Mary Ann FRANCIS Event: Smart Matching Role: 1000529 Data: Date: 2 OCT 2013 Text: Added by confirming a Smart Match Quality or Certainty of Data: 3

Acknowledgments

Thank you to Ray Howell for creating WikiTree profile INDI @I2132@ through the import of Eatts Family2.GED on Nov 24, 2013. Click to the Changes page for the details of edits by Ray and others.