Preceded by Anarawd ap Rhodri |
Prince of Gwynedd 916 - 942 |
Succeeded by Howel Dda |
Contents |
Idwal Foel (the Bald) was the son of Anarawd ap Rhodri Mawr. [1]
Idwal "Foel" (the Bald) was the son of Anarawd, the son of Rhodri Mawr, and was different from his uncle, Idwal the son of Rhodri Mawr. [2]
It appears that Idwal "Foel/the Bald" was a different person from Idwal, son of King Rhodri, who became King of Gwynedd. This is apparent from the passage in the Gwentian Chronicle which records that "the Welsh gained their freedom…through the bravery and wisdom of Eidwal the Bald and his brother Elisseu…and Idwal son of Rhodri the Great" in 940. [2]
Idwal was born in 0883. [3]
Conflict of Mothers
Neither Cawley [2] nor Boyer [1]report the name of a wife for Anarawd.
Idwal's mother is shown either as Cadwr-1 (0887- 0919) or Dyfnwallon-4 (861-0920), no marriage dates. Since he is shown as spouse of a Cadwr (and her birth in 887 would make her too young to be a mother), I went with Dyfnwallon as mother. (Bairfield-1 08:11, 30 May 2014 (EDT))
Cawley states that the name of Idwal´s wife is not known.
Boyer reports that Idwal married Mareddon ferch Cadwr ap Cadwr Wenwyn ab Idnerth ab Iorwerth Hirflawdd ap Tegonwy ap Teon ap Gwineu Deufreuddwyd ap Bywyr Lew ap Bywdeg ap Rhun rhudd Baladr ap llary ap Casnar Wledeg, who was perhaps the same as Casanauth Wledig. [1]
Willoughby [4] reports that Idwal Foel married Avandreg ferch Merfyn, born Gwynedd 891. Idwal Voel, by his cousin Avendreg, daughter of Mervyn, left with other issue, Meurig.
An unknown source also reports a marriage to Unknown Verch Genedawc, born Glamorgan, 908 [citation needed] - this was most likely caused by conflation of Iago ap Gwyndog and Iago ap Ieuan, leading to their families being mixed up. Østenstad-1 20:43, 4 April 2021 (UTC)
The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Eidwal the Bald son of Anarawd son of Rhodri the Great became king of Aberfraw" in 913 after his father died] [2]
He was also King of Aberfraw. [2]
In 916 he became ruler of Gwynedd, and later accepted the West Saxon monarchy as being his overlord, ruling until he died. [1]
Idwal Foel was killed 941/943 [2]
Idwal Foel died in 942 during an unsuccessful revolt against the English. [1]
The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Idwal son of Rhodri, and his brother Elised were killed by the Saxons" in 941. [2]
During the late 10th century, wars for control of Gwynedd took place between the sons and grandsons of Idwal Foel. [5]
Cawley recognizes that Idwal Foel & his wife had one child, Idwal Fychan. [2] Boyer recognizes 6 children, listed by Bartrum. [1]
Fight for control
948. And Howel the Good, son of king Cadell, chief and glory of all the Britons, died. And Cadwgan, son of Owain, was killed by the Saxons. And then the action of Carno [15] took place between the sons of Owain, son of Howel, and the sons of Idwal.
950 Nine hundred and fifty was the year of Christ, when Iago and Ieuav, sons of Idwal, ravaged Dyved twice; and Dunwallon was slain by their men. [15]
951. And then Dyvnwal and Rhodri, sons of Howel, died.[15]
952. And then, a year after that, a great slaughter took place been the sons of Idwal and the sons of Howel, in the action of Conwy at Llanrwst. And Hirmawr and Anarawd were killed by the Pagans; they were sons of Gwriad. And after that Ceredigion was devastated by the sons of Idwal. And Edwin, son of Howel the Good, died.[16]
974 During the late 10th century wars for control of Gwynedd between the sons and grandsons of Idwal Foel, Iago ap Idewal Foel had been expelled from Gwynedd in 974 by hiw hephews Hwell ap Ieuaf. Iago took his sons, Custinnen and Owain, and fled to Chester. Iago was nearing age 60 and his sons were then about 22 and 14 respectively. They were received by Leofwine I, Earl of Mercia, to whom Iago gave his oath of fealty, preferring that his sons grow up to fight real enemies than their own kin. [17]
In the contests maintained for the sovereignty of Wales between the sons of Hywel Dda and those of Edwal Voel, the former, assembling their forces in South Wales, laid waste the territory of North Wales, as far as the river Conway, on the banks of which they were encountered by the latter at Llanrwst, where, after a sanguinary conflict, the sons of Edwal Voel were victorious, pursuing their enemies into South Wales, and retaliating upon their territories the evils which had been inflicted on their own.[18]
IDWAL "Foel/the Bald" (-killed [941/43]). [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Eidwal the Bald son of Anarawd son of Rhodri the Great became king of Aberfraw" in 913 after his father died[91].] King of Aberfraw. It appears that Idwal "Foel/the Bald" was a different person from Idwal, son of King Rhodri, who became King of Gwynedd (see below). This is apparent from the passage in the Gwentian Chronicle which records that "the Welsh gained their freedom…through the bravery and wisdom of Eidwal the Bald and his brother Elisseu…and Idwal son of Rhodri the Great" in 940[92]. [The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Idwal son of Rhodri, and his brother Elised were killed by the Saxons" in 941[93].] m ---. The name of Idwal´s wife is not known. Idwal & his wife had [one child]:[19]
See also:
Lineage of the Royal Princes of England - Site no longer available on geocities, but retained on oocities. Regrettably, unsourced.
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Categories: Isle of Man, Nobility | Dindaethwy cwmwd, Rhosyr cantref | Kingdom of Gwynedd | House of Aberffraw 742-1499