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Nacogdoches County, Texas

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Contents

History/Timeline

Nacogdoches mural


5000 B.C.-A.D. 500) Nacogdoches County is located in an area of early human habitation. Archeological artifacts were found near the Sam Rayburn Reservoir area, dated to this Archaic Period.
Hasinai Indians of the Caddo confederacy (agriculture people, built the flat topped earthen temple and burial mounds. [1]
1600-1700s Nacogdoches, ColonyThis was home of the Nacogdoches Indians, a Caddo tribe. Spanish settlements, settled and abandoned the area and missions in 18th century due to French encroachments. [2]
  1. Nacogdoche Indians - near the city of Nacogdoches. [1]
  2. The Hasinai tribe in western ppart of the county along the Angelina River. [1]
  3. Nasonis in the northern part of the county.[1]
  4. Nacao Indians in the northeastern corner. [1]
There is a local legend for Nacogdoches  :
Caddo Indians founded Nacogdoches. According to legend a chief lived near the Sabine River with twin sons. One with light skin and blond hair while the other twin had darker skin and hair. Whentheygrew up to lead a tribe, the blond was sent three days westward toward the Setting sun. The son with darker hair and skin was sent eastward toward the rising sun. he twin with blond hair settled in Nacogdoches, Texas. The twin with dark hair settled Natchitoches, Louisiana. The road they traveled upon to visit, was the El Camino Real. https://www.visitnacogdoches.org/about/history/


1685 French under René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, established a colony on the coast. This caused Spanish to build missions in effort to deter the French from claiming the land for themselves. [1]
1689 Alonso De León, the governor of Coahuila, led expedition, found the French settlement in ruins and settlers dead. Massanet founded mission on San Pedro Cr. (NW) of Houston Co. among the Hasinai near Nacogdoches.[1]
1690 De León and Father Damián Massanet, recommended building missions among the Hasinai Indians to the Coahuila and Count of Galve. Massanet founded a mission on thrSan Pedro Creek NW of Weches, Houston County. [1]
1691- Domingo Terán de los Ríos explored East Texas, up to the Red River and across the NW part of Nacogdoches co. [1]
Ramón built
  1. Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de los Hainai Mission on Mill Creek on the Angelina River.
  2. San José de los Nazonis on Dill Creek in NW Nacogdoches County.
  3. Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Nacogdoches (named for the Nacogdoche Indians) on the site of present Nacogdoches, and a presidio for protection, abandoned 1718, resettled 1720. [1]
1774- Antonio Gil Ibarvo led settlers back from San Antonio to build Bucareli, they abandoned it to rebuild Nacogdoches.[1]
1779 Ibarvo began building the Stone house, and trading post known as the "Old Stone Fort" and made land grants to settlers. Ibarvo also began making informal land grants to the early settlers. Ibarvo was later accused of smuggling goods into Nacogdoches and trading with the Indians horses which had been stolen from the Spanish. After being cleared of charges, he was banished from Nacogdoches.
1792 Juan Antonio Cortez, a military official, was sent to regularize the land grants, but only a few formal land grants were issued. Many of the early grants were imperfect. This caused problems when Anglo Americans arrived 1820s, 1830s. [1]
Settlers.
1791 Nacogdoches settlement was located on the Old San Antonio Road. It became a trading and smuggling center with Louisiana. It was not called a pueblo or presidio, had 660 settlers, was 2nd largest settlement in the Texas colony. It had Spanish speaking inhabitants with a large second foreign secondary population of French traders from Louisiana. [1]
El Camino REal.
1798 -Early settlers were William Barr and Peter Samuel Davenport, Luther Smith and Edward Murphy, formed the House of Barr and Davenport trading company. Barr and Davenport kept their headquarters at Ibarvo's stone house, had an exemption from Spanish officials to trade with Louisiana, thus virtually guaranteeing them a monopoly of trade in the region.[1]
Old Stone Fort
1801 Philip Nolan 1801 Nolan illegally entered Texas , and formed a fort near present Nolan Creek. He was killed by Spanish soldiers who had been sent to arrest him, when they discovered papers implicating him in a plot to seize the East Texas region [1]
Aug 12, 1812- 1813 Gutiérrez-Magee expedition seized control of Nacogdoches, accompanied by Mexican revolutionaries from Louisiana. Aug 1813 royalist force led by Joaquín de Arredondo crushed the revolt. Nacogdoches became the scene of a bloody purge, during which royal authority was reestablished through execution and confiscation. [1]
1818 the area was deserted as the residents of the town and surrounding countryside fled across the Sabine River into Louisiana. [1]
1819 James Long led another filibustering expedition, he found Nacogdoches abandoned.
1820 W. F. Dewes, described the settlement as a desolate place with a population of only 100.[1]
1820s- 1830s Caddo Indians from were from Louisiana and displaced the Cherokees. A few years later many of the Hasinais moved west of the Brazos River.[1]
1821 After the Mexican War of Independence, Nacogdoches was target of a filibustering expedition led by Augustus W. Magee and José Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara. American settlers were driven out of East Texas. Nacogdoches was left virtually abandoned.[1]
July 1821 Stephen F. Austin described Nacogdoches as a ruin of a village, consisting of a church, the stone house, and six other dwellings. [1]
1821 Mexico won its independence from Spain, Coahuila and Texas were joined as one state, and Nacogdoches was included in the Department of Bexar. Municipality of Nacogdoches was given jurisdiction over the region between the Neches and Sabine rivers. [1]
1825 Colonization law by Coahuila and Texas, 2 impresario grants were awarded in Nacogdoches: Frost Thorn and Haden Edwards who challenged the previous Spanish, Mexican land titles. Edwards, his brother and 30 folders seized control of the Stone Fort, declaring independence of Texas. (Fredonian Rebellion was stopped by Mexican militia, [1]
1826-1827-- Fredonian Rebellion took place. The original 23 counties were created from the Nacogdoches Department; subsequently 20 other counties were created from Nacogdoches County.
1828 Settlement had 600 men and 100 women. Immigrants from the USA came to the area or passed through on the way to other impresario grants such as Robertson, Stephen F Austin, Burnet, Zavala or Vehlein. Nacogdoches was a political department, covering most of E Texas from Anahuac on Trinity River (SW) to Red River in north, east to Louisiana.[1]
1830's Located on one of the principal routes of immigration from the United States, Nacogdoches developed into a leading entry way for Anglo immigrants, earning the title, Gateway to Texas.
Battle of Nacogdoches marker detail.
Battle of Nacogdoches marker.
Aug 2, 1832 The battle of Belasco (Nacogdoches) was fought on August 2, 1832[2]
August,1832 Battle of Nacogdoches - after a group of Texan colonists resisted an order issued in July by the commander of the Mexican Army at Nacogdoches, Texas to surrender their arms. This increased into a major battle. James Bowie was a participant. The Texansl thought they had a champion when Santa Anna declared himself against the centralist regime in 1832.. This soon changed.
1832 - immigration laws and land titles caused revolt of the Mexican and Anglo-American, resulted in victory of the antigovernment forces in the battle of Nacogdoches. Alcaldes, José Ignacio Ibarvo and Vital Flores were elected, then ayuntamientos were Anglo . [1]
Jan 2, 1835- December 14, 1835, 822 certificates of immigration were issued at Nacogdoches. Henry Rueg, political chief of the Department of Nacogdoches, appointed Thomas J Rusk, Frost Thorn to form the Nacogdoches Committee of Vigilance and Safety. The committee organized a militia and collected arms and provisions for the revolution. [1]
1835-36 100's of USA volunteers poured through the area on their way south to fight for independence. [1]
March 17, 1836 - Runaway Scrape the area was virtually abandoned once again. After May, when residents heard of Santa Anna's defeat, returned en masse. [1]
  • Nacogdoches County is an original county of the Republic in 1836, and was organized in 1837. Nacogdoches City became the County Seat in1836 The name comes from Caddo tribe in the area.[3]



1836-37 - municipalities within the Nacogdoches Department, Liberty, Jefferson, Jasper, Sabine, San Augustine, and Shelby, were established as counties of the Republic of Texas. [1]
March 17, 1836 - Area east of the Trinity River was designated Nacogdoches County. [1]
June 1837 the city of Nacogdoches was officially incorporated. Proposals were made to designate Nacogdoches the official capital of the new republic. The House favored Nacogdoches, but the Senate wanted San Jacinto. [1]
Dec 1836 Houston was chosen as a compromise site in December 1836. In 1838 Nacogdoches was again the site of unrest. [1]
Summer, 1836 - Vicente Córdova, alcalde and primary judge of Nacogdoches, led a revolt of Mexicans and Indians against the republic. The plot was discovered before he could act, and the Córdova Rebellion was quelled by the Thomas J Rusk forces. Córdova escaped to Mexico, Menchaca and others, were put on trial in San Augustine and found guilty. President Mirabeau B Lamar pardoned Menchaca. [1]
Battle of Nacogdoches
1838 Cordova Rebellion.[2]
1840s Smuggling was the mainstay of the economy. Cotton became a second a second source of economy, Immigrants from S US states brought their slaves.The county reported 197 slave owners owning one or two slaves, six, including John Durst, William Burditt owned over 20 slaves. Of 4,172 people, 1,228 were slaves. [1]
Nacogdoches Univ., 1845 began.
1845 Nacogdoches University was chartered. A brick building was built 1858. This operated until 1895 several private schools began. A brick building was built 1858, The University operated 1845-1895. Private schools began.
April 1846 The county was further subdivided into 20 counties: Anderson, Angelina, Camp, Cherokee, Dallas, Delta, Gregg, Henderson, Hopkins, Houston, Hunt, Kaufman, Raines, Rockwall, Rusk, Smith, Trinity, Upshur, Van Zandt, and Wood.
1847-49 Robert S. Patton brought his steamboat Angelina up the Angelina River as far north as Pattonia in the SE corner of the county at the mouth of Dorr Creek. 1849 the boat hauled cotton and produce downstream to Sabine Pass returning with provisions, clothing, manufactured goods. [1]
1850s Nacogdoches County was rural and agricultural, with the residents living on farms. The only church was the Catholic church. Protestant ministers traveled, holding revivals.
El Camino Real
1850s Stage lines extended service to Nacogdoches. Prior to the late 1840s the Old San Antonio Road was the principal transportation route through the county.flatboat navigation extended as far north as Linn Flat, 20 miles upstream from Pattonia. During the antebellum period the population of Nacogdoches County continued to grow as more and more families arrived. There was rural with families livingonfarms[1]
1860 -388 families present. 70% were from Old South: Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana the economy was subsistence farming. (1858, 38,221 acres cultivated, planted in corn. Only 11,828 acres in cotton, 1,589 - wheat. 5,200 acres - vegetables. [1]
1861 -county's inhabitants overwhelmingly supported the secession (411 to 94). County residents strongly supported the Confederate war effort. [1]
Old Nacogdoches University.
1862-65 2,000 men from the county served in either state or Confederate army units. County residents also supplied money and provisions. One of the eight war-time ironworks in Texas was located in Nacogdoches County.
Slavery Slavery movement
1866-1870s Reconstruction -Nacogdoches County was occupied by Union forces from the Fifth Military District. There was no destruction, just fluctuations in currency. The end of the war brought freedom for the African Americans. Most of them remained in the county, but left the farms. For the vast majority, changing locations seems to have brought little improvement. Most ended up working the farmland on shares, receiving one-third of the crop for their labor.[1]
Nacogdoches cotton Building
1866-70 - for whites there was serious economic loss, as slaves had made up over 50% of taxable property for the county. Property values fell, property excluding slaves had been evaluated at $1,365,128 in 1860. The 1866 value of taxable property was half that. (the county was poor.
Reconstruction =Nacogdoches County was spared much the lawlessness that plagued other East Texas counties in the wake of the Civil War. [1]
9 Flags of Nacogdoches.
1880 the county had 54 cotton gins, and 6,000 bales were processed, crops included oats, rye, barley, wheat, vegetables.the county had begun to recover from the effects of the war. Nacogdoches, with a population of 500, remained the largest town in the county, many of the smaller towns, Chireno, Douglass, Melrose, Martin City (now Martinsville) grew considerably). [1]
Southern Pacific station.

Lack of transportation was the problem. The county roads were impassable in bad weather. The cost to haul freight overland was high. Riverboats on the Angelina provided an inexpensive alternative, but they often could not reach the county in a drought. [1]

1882- Houston, East and West Texas Railway arrived. Nacogdoches once again emerged as an important trading center. Competition from the railroad did stop the riverboat traffic. Pattonia dependedonhad depended on the riverboat traffic, so it declined. New towns: Sacul, Cushing, Trawick, and Redfield grew up along the line.[1]
1900sTexas & New Orleans and Angelina & Neches River railroads were built with new towns, Garrison and Appleby.[1]
1900s Lumber industry began. Population of the county reached 24,663. The economy was agricultural, but subsistence farming ceased and initiated cash crops, such as cotton. Corn was planted on half of all land, along with sorghum and hay.[1]
1930s, 1940s The roads were improved. With the onset of the Great Depression, the cotton prices fell. Then the boll weevil caused crop failures. Many farmers were forced to leave the land and move to the cities. [1]
Oak Grove Cemetery
1912- Oak Grove Cemetery Established - Originally called American Cemetery was on the 1826 land grant of Haden Edwards. Many well known Texas Revolution people are buried here, such as Thomas Jefferson Rusk, Haden Edwards, John Roberts and William Clark, Jr, signers of Texas Declaration of Independence, and Capt. Haden Arnold of Battle of San Jacinto.
1930s Angelina National Forest was established in the southern portion of the county,
1940s Roads were paved. U.S. Hwy 59, State Hwys 21, 26, 205 were constructed. Farms increased from 3,678 in 1900 to 5,000 in 1935, but larger percentage of farmers were sharecroppers. [1]
1968 Nacogdoches County ranked third in egg production with nearly 9.6 million dozen eggs., 5th in sales from livestock and products with an income of $26,158,000, and 14th in number of dairy cows.
1970s 90% of the county's agricultural receipts came livestock, cattle. County was among the leading Texas counties in income from broilers, poultry, dairying, and total livestock. Agricultural income averaged $30,500,000 annually. Many areas were gradually reforested. [1] and by 1968 the county was 67% forested. Large tracts of forest supported a small lumber industry with 2 mills.
1981Pine and hardwood products were 14,867,416 cubic feet, the overwhelming majority of which was pine production.[1]


Neutral Land

Post 1803. Nacogdoches changed from wilderness to the main port of entry for American citizens traveling to enter Texas from the East coast. The "Neutral Zone" was created by the United States and New Spanish governments to accommodate the disputed Texas-Louisiana boundary. After Texas Independence was declared March, 1836, this "Neutral Zone" existed for years.. This thrust Nacogdoches backward into a murky allegiance. Instead of calming Spain, then Mexico, this land known as the Neutral Zone became the land of bandits, smugglers, killers and filibusters. Some of these were reputable citizens and demanded the local citizens to honor their allegiance.. The political problems of Nacogdoches differs that from other New Spain towns on the frontier. http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2270&context=ethj

The desperados took their cover in the East Texas' piney woods. Spanish official regarded people living on the edge of a settlement that were not employees of the military or missionaries to be suspect.. Those who migrated east from Bexar colony determined but they were suspected. After Mexico War in Independence Nacogdoches was subjected to a filibustering expedition ofn if not downright suspicion. Many of those who migrated east from Bexar to found Nacogdoches did indeed seek self- determination, and when their ability to trade with Americans and Indians was infringed upon by Spanish governmental officials, allegiance may have been further shaken. [4] http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2270&context=ethj

1806 After the US purchased Louisiana, tension rose, both Jefferson and Texas Governor Manuel Salcedo sent troops to the Texas- Louisiana area. This passed without military combat. Spain and later Mexico had a fear of "foreign" invasion into one of Spain's colonies, (particularly East Texas). The two settled the conflict by establishing this so-called neutral zone between the countries. this border was the Sabine River on the west and Arroyo Hondo on the East. [5]http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2270&context=ethj
1821 After the Mexican War of Independence, Nacogdoches was target of a filibustering expedition led by Augustus W. Magee and José Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara. American settlers were driven out of East Texas. Nacogdoches was left virtually abandoned.[1]
April 14, 1825 -
Haden Edwards received his empresarial grant, which entitled him to settle 800 families in a area around Nacogdoches in eastern Texas. Like all empresarios he was suppposed to uphold land grants certified by the Spanish and Mexican governments, provide an organization for the protection of all colonists in the area, and receive a land commissioner appointed by the Mexican government. Edwards's grant was located in a difficult area. On the East was the Neutral Ground where fugitives, outlaws stayed, to the North and West were Indians and to to the South was Austin's colony. Also in Nacogdoches City was remnants of other failed expeditions.

[6]

The Fredonian Rebellion was a dispute between the Mexican government and the Edwards brothers. After an election for alcalde, Edwards certified his son-in-law, Chichester to the alcade, Saucedo in San Antonio which angered the older established Nacogdoches settlers. Eventually Saucedo arrived on-site, reversed the decision. Edwards did not agree so Saucedo terminated his grant!! https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jcf01



OIL

1859 Oil had a small part of the Nacogdoches County economy. In 1790s surface pools were noted in Oil Springs. Lyne T. Barret acquired a lease near Oil Springs, worked on a test well, but the Civil War caused him to stop.
1866- he acquired a new lease, and brought in the first oil well in Texas. Barrett's system was an auger, attached to a pipe and rotated by a cogwheel driven by a steam engine. This is the principal of rotary drilling.
1867 Amory Q. Starr and Peyton F. Edwards brought in a well at Oil Springs. Other wells were also drilled, and Nacogdoches became the site of Texas's first commercial oilfield and the first pipeline and attempts to refine crude. Several thousand barrels were extracted during this period.
1930s The discovery of the massive East Texas oilfield focused the attention of oilmen elsewhere.
1939 production was a modest 804 barrels, but continued producing . Total production in the county to January 1991 was 2,845,929 barrels.
Montage



The Stone Fort Nacogdoches, Texas

Nacogdoches TX - Old Stone Fort plaque Photo courtesy Dana Goolsby, November 2010

Stone Fort

Upon arrival in San Antonio, the Spaniards immediately asked permission to return back to East Texas. With a positive grant of "yes", 1774 Antonio Gil Y'Barbo led them back to found the community of Nacogdoches. Y'Barbo ledthemto the banks of the Trinity River. There they built the Bucareli community. 4 years of Comanche Indian problems and floods, caused them to move further east to found Nacogdoches.

Y'Barbo built the Stone House on the Northeast corner of town square on private property. Due to Y'Barbo's civil and militia authority, the Stone House became somewhat a public building.. Both private and government businesses were done there. Soon the building was the civic center a public.
1806 Simon Herrera came to East Texas to negotiate the Neutral Ground agreement with General James Wilkinson and made his headquarters in Y'Barbo's Stone House.
1813, the Army of the North led by Augustus Magee and Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara proclaimed Texas independent from Spain while occupying the house, and within its walls A. Mower set the type for the first newspaper of Texas, called "Gaceta de Tejas".
1819 - James Long led Americans across the Sabine River in violation of the Adams-Onis Treaty. Long used the Stone House as a launching place to declare Texas independence. Haden Edwards and the Fredonians also used the Stone house.
1832 There were meetings for Nacogdoches Committee for Public Safety, the consultation during the Texas Revolution, the Battle of Nacogdoches of 1832, all held in Y'Barbo's Stone House.
Old Stone Fort
2835 -1836 Soldiers registered there for military service in the War of Texas Independence. It soon was called a Stone Fort. In passing years the well used Stone House/Stone Fort was neglected, once even had a saloon inside and was unreputable at that time Suddenly the Perkins bothers tore down the old rock hous/fort to built a modern business building. The town was shocked.[7]


Government Offices

9 Flags of Nacogdoches.

Nacogdoches County has had four courthouses: 1836, 1856, 1911 and 1958.[8]

1st Courthouse, 1836

2nd Courthouse, 1854-56 (no image) The erection of a two-story brick county courthouse in Nacogdoches in 1854.

3rd Courthouse, 1911

1911 Courthouse.

4th Courthouse, 1958 Current courthouse was designed in a modern style by Architect, J. N. McCammon. It is located on the Corner of Hwy 21 and US 59.

1958 Courthouse.

Geography

https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcn01

Nacogdoches County (nak-uh-DO-chis), in the pine belt center of East Texas, bounded on W and S by Angelina River and on the east by Attoyac Bayou.
Borders on five counties, Shelby and San Augustine on the E, Angelina on the south and west, Cherokee on the west, and Rusk on the north.
County seat and largest town is Nacogdoches, (140 miles NE of Houston and 58 miles SE of Tyler.
Highways - U.S. Highway 59, crosses the center of the county from the south through Nacogdoches to the NE corner, and U.S. Highway 259 extends which extends from Nacogdoches N toward Longview. :Transportation Southern Pacific Railroad, follows a crescent-shaped route from the NW corner through Nacogdoches, then parallels U.S. 59 to the south.
Size -939 square miles of the East Texas timberlands, an area heavily forested with a great variety of softwoods and hardwoods, especially pine, cypress, and oak.
Terrain - undulating to rolling with
Elevation 150 to 600 feet above mean sea level.
Contour-broken, a wooded area with plateaus and valleys.
Soil varies from gray sandy loams to very deep, reddish clayey subsoils.
Prime Farmland - 21- 30% percent of the land is prime farmland. A fertile redland belt 4-6 miles wide extends across the county from E to W.
Drainage: Angelina River,(1/3 of eastern part drained by Attoyac Bayou
Climate is moist and mild
Temperatures --high of 94° F in July to a low of 36° in January
Rainfall of forty-five inches.

Growing season extends for an annual average of 245 days.

Produce.
Crops - hay and other feeds, vegetables, and fruits. CHICKENS, Beef and dairy cattle, and hogs.

Natural resource is pine, and lumbering is among the main industries and small amount oil https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcn01

Adjacent counties

  • Rusk County (north)
  • Shelby County (northeast)
  • San Augustine County (southeast)
  • Angelina County (south)
  • Cherokee County (west)

Formed From

Old Nacogdoches County
  • 1836--Nacogdoches County was created 17 March 1836 from the Old Mexican Municipality.

Demographics

(/ˌnækəˈdoʊtʃᵻs/ NAK-ə-DOH-chiss) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 64,524.

location in Texas.

In 2000, there were 59,203 people residing in the county with a population density of 62 people/sq. mi. The racial makeup of the county was 75.00% White, 16.74% Black or African American, 0.39% Native American, 0.70% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 5.70% from other races, and 1.41% from two or more races. 11.25% of the population were Hispanic. The median income for a household in the county was $28,301, and the median income for a family was $38,347. Males had a median income of $29,502 versus $21,422 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,437. About 15.50% of families and 23.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.10% of those under age 18 and 13.90% of those age 65 or over.[9]

Townclock
  • Greyhound Lines operates the Nacogdoches Station station in Nacogdochesat the Kerrville Bus Company (Transportation).

Highways:

  • U.S. Highway 59
  • I-69 Interstate 69 is under construction, will route of U.S. 59
  • U.S. Highway 259
  • Texas State Highway 7
  • Texas State Highway 21
  • Texas State Highway 103
  • Texas State Highway 204
  • Texas Farm to Market Road 95
  • Texas Farm to Market Road 225
  • Texas Farm to Market Road 22

Politics:
Before the Civil War, Nacogdoches County was staunchly Democratic. The Democratic party polled over 70% of the vote in the presidential elections of 1848, 1852, and 1856. The Whig party, had 24% of 1848 votes. 1860 Democrat John C. Breckinridge attracted 67% of the votes,

Since reconstruction until the 1970s the county voted solidly Democratic. Dwight D. Eisenhower won by a small margin in the election of 1956, but Republicans otherwise failed to receive a majority of votes until the election of 1972, when Richard Nixon defeated George McGovern 8,757 to 3,656. Republican presidential candidates subsequently won most of the votes in the county in virtually every election from 1976 through 2004. The only exception was in 1992, when Republican George H. W. Bush won only a plurality of the county's votes. In 2004 his son, George W. Bush, took the county by a margin of almost two to one.[10]


  • 1982, 43 percent of the land was in farms and ranches, with 15% of the land cultivated.
  • Nacogdoches County ranked twelfth in the state in agricultural receipts, with 98% -livestock and livestock products.
  • businesses in the early 1980s was 897.
  • Largest employer in the county was Stephen F. Austin State University, founded in 1923, which employed 1,000 people.
  • 1980, 10% of the labor force was self-employed, 24% in professional services, 22% manufacturing, 22% in wholesale or retail trade, 7% in agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and mining, and 13% employed in other counties.
  • Leading industries- oil and gas extraction, road construction, agribusiness, poultry and egg processing, soft drink bottling and canning, and sawmills.
  • Largest companies were Texas Farm Products, J. M. Clipper, and East Texas Canners.
  • The largest ancestry groups were English (30 percent) and Irish (19 percent) in this county.

Protected areas

Angelina National Forest (part)

Cities
  • Nacogdoches (county seat & largest city)
  • Nacogdoches, Texas June 1837 the city of Nacogdoches was officially incorporated with an aldermanic government.
Cushing mural.
Unin Communities / Census des Place
Unin Community Uninc Community Uninc Community
*Central Heights *Lilbert *Linn Flat
*Douglass *Looneyville *Trawick
*Etoile *Martinsville *Woden
*Melrose *Kingtown
Schools
  • 1980s the county had nine school districts
12 elementary,
(1) middle school
8 high schools
one special-education school.
  • The average daily school attendance in 1980–81 was 6,872.

Resources

  • Tourists come to the area to see the Old Stone Fort and other historic sites.
  • Angelina National Forest
  • Blueberry Festival the second Saturday in June. The county is the top blueberry producer in Texas and is headquarters for the Texas Blueberry Marketing Association.
  • "Capital of the Texas Forest Country".
  • Sam Rayburn Reservoir, completed in 1965
Census
1850 --- 5,193 —
1860 --- 8,292 59.7%
1870 --- 9,614 15.9%
1880 --- 11,590 20.6%
1890 --- 15,984 37.9%
1900 --- 24,663 54.3%
1910 --- 27,406 11.1%
1920 --- 28,457 3.8%
1930 --- 30,290 6.4%
1940 --- 35,392 16.8%
1950 --- 30,326 −14.3%
1960 --- 28,046 −7.5%
1970 --- 36,362 29.7%
1980 --- 46,786 28.7%
1990 --- 54,753 17.0%
2000 --- 59,203 8.1%
2010 --- 64,524 9.0%
Est. 2015 --- 65,664
Notables
Carl Edwin Monk, Sr., "Mr. Highways". The scenic area (State Hwy 7 E of Nacogdoches) bears his name.
Clint Dempsey, professional soccer player
Ron Raines, actor
John H. Hannah Jr. - U.S. District Court judge
Land Grants
  • 1779- Ibarvo also began making informal land grants to the early settlers. Most of the grants were in the area of present Nacogdoches County, but others were in the area that became Cherokee, Sabine, and San Augustine counties.
  • Jan 2, 1835, to December 14, 1835, 822 certificates of immigration were issued at Nacogdoches
  • two empresario grants were given in the area surrounding Nacogdoches, one to Frost Thorn, a former associate of the trading company of Barr and Davenport, and the other to Haden Edwards
Cemeteries



Sources

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.49 https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcn01
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 http://www.texasescapes.com/EastTexasTowns/NacogdochesTexas.htm
  3. ↑ https://texasalmanac.com/index.php?q=topics/government/nacogdoches-county
  4. ↑ http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2270&context=ethj
  5. ↑ http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2270&context=ethj
  6. ↑ https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jcf01
  7. ↑ http://www.texasescapes.com/DEPARTMENTS/Guest_Columnists/East_Texas_all_things_historical/OldStoneFort1AMD501.htm
  8. ↑ http://www.texasescapes.com/EastTexasTowns/Nacogdoches-County-Courthouse-Texas.htm
  9. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacogdoches_County,_Texas Nacogdoches County
  10. ↑ https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcn01




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Categories: Texas Neutral Ground | Texas Projects | Nacogdoches County, Texas