Crosby County, Texas
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Formed From
- Aug 21, 1876--Crosby County was created from Young and Bexar Land Districts. It was organized 1886 and named for Texas Land Commissioner Stephen Crosby.[1]
History/Timeline
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| field in Crosby Tx.. |
Crosby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 6,059. The county seat is Crosbyton. The county was founded in 1876 and later organized in 1886. Both the county and its seat are named for Stephen Crosby, a land commissioner in Texas.[2]
Crosby County, along with Lubbock County, and Lynn County, is part of the Lubbock Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). The Lubbock MSA and Levelland Micropolitan Statistical Area (USA), encompassing only Hockley County, form the larger Lubbock–Levelland Combined Statistical Area (CSA).[2]
Until the passage of a referendum to permit liquor sales, held on May 11, 2013, Crosby County had been one of nineteen remaining prohibition or entirely dry counties within Texas. That same day voters in Denver City and Yoakum County also approved separate referenda to permit liquor sales. The number of prohibition counties in Texas has hence dropped to seventeen. Part of the large Matador Ranch of West Texas extends into the county. Republican Drew Springer, Jr., a businessman from Muenster in Cooke County, has since January 2013 represented Crosby County in the Texas House of Representatives.[2]
- 11000 b.c. Paleo-Indians first inhabitants. Archeological artifacts indicate Hunter-gatherers hunted the Mammoth, Mastodon, Saber-Toothed Tiger, and Giant Ground Sloth. Later Native American inhabitants include the Comanche.[2]
- 1871 Ranald S. Mackenzie fights Quanah Parker and other Comanches at the Battle of Blanco Canyon. The campaign establishes the Mackenzie Trail used by the first settlers in Crosby County in late 1870s.[2]
- 1876--Crosby County was created 21 August 1876 from Young Bexar Land District.[3]
- 1877 First permanent settler arrived.[3]
- 1878 Bavaria-born Heinrich Schmidtt, aka Henry “Hank” Clay Smith, and his wife Elizabeth Boyle and their six children, become the first permanent settlers in the area, where Hank is active in the county’s organization.[2]
- 1879 Confederate veteran Paris Cox first visits the Caprock Escarpment of the Llano Estacado with a group of buffalo hunters.[2]
- 1886 Estacado is named the county seat.[2]
- 1889--Crosby County Courthouse in Estacado caught fire on October 9, 1889 and destroyed the judges', treasurer's and county clerk's offices. The fire was contained and the courthouse was rebuilt.[3]
- 1900 The beef industry thrives, supporting a count of 30,618 head.[2]
- 1908 The Bar-N-Bar Ranch begins selling acreage to farmers.[2]
- 1910 Crosbyton becomes the new county seat.[2]
- 1920 Some 45,400 acres (184 km2) in the county are planted in cotton. 15.000 apple and peach trees grow in the county.[2]
- 1920's As more farmers acquired land from the breakup of large ranches sorghum, wheat as well as fruit trees were expanded. by 1920s 15,000 fruit trees ( apple and peaches.) Livestock (15,000 continued and were 15,556 in 1929.[4]
- 1929 Farmers own 83,000 chickens, and sell 395,000 dozen eggs.[2]
- 1941 The first soil-conservation district in the county is formed.[2]
- 1955 Oil is discovered in the county. [2]
Government Offices
Crosby County has had three county courthouses: 1887 in Estacado, 1891 in Emma, and 1914 in Crosbyton[5]
1st Courthouse in Estacado, 1887 - (founded 1879 by a colony of Quakers). It was on a mail and stage road, in the NE corner of the county. Freight hauling of materials was slow. County offices were in dugouts, shacks and wagons for two years, until the first courthouse could be completed in 1888. First Courthouse, a two story frame building. The courthouse was taken down, moved and rebuilt at Emma, when Emma became the county seat in 1890. The building caught fire on October 9, 1889, but the building was saved and repaired.[5]
2nd Courthouse in Emma,1891 - Emma became the next County Seat in1890 at Emma (named for the fiancee of R. L. Stringfellow, one of the town's promoters), 9 miles west of here. The courthouse at Estacado was taken down, moved and rebuilt at cost of $3,000. The building caught fire on October 9, 1889, but the building was saved and repaired. It served 20 years until another was built.[5]
3rd Courthouse in Crosbyton, 1914 is Texas Renaissance, Material - Brick and concrete. Crosbyton-South Plains Railroad was built in 1910 and by-passed Emma by 4 miles four miles. Crosbyton won an election as the new county seat, and Julian Bassett (one of the founders of Crosbyton) donated a site for the courthouse. The county court met in the schoolhouse until the building of the present courthouse and jail in 1914. County judge at that time was Pink Parrish. Commissioners were John K. Fullingim, W. E. McLaughlin, J. A. Noble and R. M. Wheeler. [5]
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| 1914 Crosbyton Courthouse. |
Geography
https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcc27
- Crosby County is on E edge of S High Plains
- Named for Stephen Crosby, a Texas land commissioner during the mid-nineteenth century.
- Center of the county lies at 33°37' north latitude and 101°18' west longitude, 30 miles E of Lubbock. :Terrain and soil -Most of the W half of Crosby County, flat land covered by rich loam is above the Caprock, and E part of the county plus SW corner are broken country below the Caprock.
- Rivers/creek - Drainage to forks of the Brazos River, White River, and playas.
Canyon - Blanco Canyon crosses NW to SE. The canyon is 250 ft deep, 1.5 miles wide, traversed by the White River. Mount Blanco is there also.
- Area 911 square miles
- Altitude 2,100 to 3,200 feet
- Rainfall is 21.01 inches.
- Vegetation mesquite, hackberry, cottonwood, cedar, catclaw, cacti, curly mesquite, grama, salt, and sage.
- Temperature in January is 26° F; the average maximum in July is 94°.
- Growing season of 206 days
- Irrigated land totals 125,000 acres
- Agriculture income $45 million average annual income from cotton, sorghums, wheat, corn, soybeans, sunflowers, cattle, hogs, and poultry. .
Major Highways
- U.S. Highway 62 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Route_62
U.S. Highway 82 runs west to east across the county
- State highways 207 major north-to-south roads.
- State Highway 651 are major north-to-south roads.
https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcc27
Adjacent counties
- Floyd County (north)
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| adjacent counties. |
- Dickens County (east)
- Garza County (south)
- Lubbock County (west)
Protected areas
- Blanco Canyon
- White River, Texas
- [Silver Falls
- Mount Blanco
- Caprock Escarpment
Demographics
Crosby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 6,059. The county seat is Crosbyton. The county was founded in 1876 and later organized in 1886. Both the county and its seat are named for Stephen Crosby, a land commissioner in Texas.[2]
Crosby County, along with Lubbock County, and Lynn County, is part of the Lubbock Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). The Lubbock MSA and Levelland Micropolitan Statistical Area (USA), encompassing only Hockley County, form the larger Lubbock–Levelland Combined Statistical Area (CSA).[2]
Until the passage of a referendum to permit liquor sales, held on May 11, 2013, Crosby County had been one of nineteen remaining prohibition or entirely dry counties within Texas. That same day voters in Denver City and Yoakum County also approved separate referenda to permit liquor sales. The number of prohibition counties in Texas has hence dropped to seventeen. Part of the large Matador Ranch of West Texas extends into the county. Republican Drew Springer, Jr., a businessman from Muenster in Cooke County, has since January 2013 represented Crosby County in the Texas House of Representatives.[2]
In 2000, there were 7,072 people residing in the county with a population density of 8 people/sq. mi. The racial makeup of the county was 63.77% White, 3.89% Black or African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.03% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 29.89% from other races, and 1.81% from two or more races. 48.93% of the population were Hispanic. Income was $29,000 and 28.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.6% of those under age 18 and 22.7% of those age 65 or over. [6]
Politics - Crosby County voters have supported Democratic presidential candidates for most of the county's history. Between 1888 and 1992 they voted for Republicans in national elections only three times, in 1928, 1972, and 1984. [7]
- Agriculture income $45 million average annual income from cotton, sorghums, wheat, corn, soybeans, sunflowers, cattle, hogs, and poultry. [6]
Major Highways
- U.S. Highway 62 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Route_62
- U.S. Highway 82 runs west to east across the county
- State highways 207 major north-to-south roads.
- State Highway 651 are major north-to-south roads.
https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcc27
Cities
Communities
Ghost towns
- Canyon Valley
- Estacado (partly in Lubbock County)
Resources
- Yellow House Canyon
- Double Mtn Fork Brazos River
- Mount Blanco a small white hill (erosional element)
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| 1891 Silver Falls |
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| 2008 Silver Falls |
The White River park focus is Silver Falls where a spring-fed White River used to cascade over sandstone ledges. Ogallala Aquifer has been heavily tapped by irrigation, and water usage, High Plains Underground water. The water table has declined, springs that once flowed into the White River from the Ogallala Aquifer, the water table beneath the Llano Estacado declined at a rate of −0.8 ft (−0.2 m) per year over the last decade. Over the twenty-year period from 1987 to 2007, the water table dropped a total of 18.6 ft (5.7 m) across the District. This depletion has changed the gushing springs to be either dried up or seeps.. Lacking a steady base flow, the White River has ceased to flow and, today, Silver Falls is normally dry unless a strong thunderstorm happens to pass across the watershed.[8]
Census
- 1880 --- 82 —
- 1890 --- 346 322.0%
- 1900 --- 788 127.7%
- 1910 --- 1,765 124.0%
- 1920 --- 6,084 244.7%
- 1930 --- 11,023 81.2%
- 1940 --- 10,046 −8.9%
- 1950 --- 9,582 −4.6%
- 1960 --- 10,347 8.0%
- 1970 --- 9,085 −12.2%
- 1980 --- 8,859 −2.5%
- 1990 --- 7,304 −17.6%
- 2000 --- 7,072 −3.2%
- 2010 --- 6,059 −14.3%
- Est. 2015 --- 5,977
Cemeteries
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- Crosby county Cemeteries Gloria Mayfield
- FindaGrave Cemeteries
Sources
- ↑ https://texasalmanac.com/topics/government/crosby-county
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosby_County,_Texas
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Crosby_County,_Texas_Genealogy
- ↑ https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcc27
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 http://www.texasescapes.com/TexasPanhandleTowns/Crosbyton-Texas-Crosby-County-Courthouse.htm
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcc27
- ↑ https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcc27
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_River_(Texas)
- A History of Crosby County 1876-1977, A collection of historical sketches and family histories composed by County Residents; compiled by the staff of the Crosby County Pioneer Memorial Museum under the supervision and with the cooperation of the Crosby County Historical Commission, 1978. Read the book online at The Portal to Texas History.
- Crosby county Cemeteries Gloria Mayfield
- FindaGrave Cemeteries
- FamilySearch genealogy
- Yellow House Canyon
- Double Mtn Fork Brazos River
- Mount Blanco a small white hill (erosional element)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralls,_Texas
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