Clausthal-Zellerfeld One Place Study
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Location: Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Goslar, Niedersachsen, Deutschland
Surnames/tags: One_Place_Studies mining Harz_Mountains
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Clausthal, Niedersachsen One Place Study
A study of the historic town of Clausthal and current town now named Clausthal-Zellerfeld and other comunities or subdivisions. This is to include the towns importance and place in history, and a special emphasis on emigrants to all over the world. It's history cannot be complete without mention of it's contribution to the industry of mining and mining as an occupation.
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| miner |
Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Clausthal-Zellerfeld is a town (Mountain and university town of Clausthal-Zellerfeld) in Lower Saxony (officially Niedersachsen), Germany. It is located in the southwestern part of the Harz mountains. Clausthal and the bordering town of Zellerfeld were seperate entities until 1924, when they were combined to form one administrative entity. Each town has a similar history in that they are both mining towns and from reviewing family histories it can be noted that many families had relatives living in both towns. The distinctions between the two communites were interconnected neighborhoods long before 1924 and the merge. For this study most information will be about Clausthal and much of what can be said about Clausthal probably is not very different from what someone from Zellerfeld would write. (I would like to hear from someone living in the part once named Zellerfeld to see if they would tell me differently). Here is a link to the Deutsch wikipedia page as it differs from the English wikipedia page Clausthal-Zellerfeld in Deutsch.
Clausthal is noted for the industry of mining over many hundreds of years to include the advancements and inovations in mining ores at great depths.
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| Clausthal COA |
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| Zellerfeld COA |
The Clausthal University of Technology TU Clausthal accepts students from all around the world, including China. Degrees (including Masters) are available in 18 seperate advanced programs geared toward todays Science and technology needs.
- The Clausthal University of Technology was established in 1775 for the education of mining engineers. Today, it is a technical university for teaching engineering, natural science (especially chemistry, materials science and physics), computer science and business studies. [1]
Geography
- Continent: Europe, Country: Germany, District: Goslar, Municipality: Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GPS Coordinates: 51.805, 10.335556, Elevation: 560 m (1,840 ft)
History
Clausthal-Zellerfeld originally consisted of two towns which were merged in 1924 to form an administrative unit. Clausthal is well known for the old Clausthal University of Technology and its magnificent buildings, while Zellerfeld is a typical tourist resort for hikers and winter sportsmen. Clausthal-Zellerfeld is the largest town in the area that is situated in the mountains rather than on the edge.[1]
Clausthal was built from 1548 at the intersection of the Alte Harzstraße and the Harzhochstraße , the predecessors of the federal highways 241 and 242.
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| German working women |
Old mining area in and around Clausthal-Zellerfeld. Mining activities began in the 12th century (by monks), were most intensive in the 16th to 18th centuries and finally stopped in the 1930s because the ore deposits were either exhausted or became uneconomic. Nearby important towns and mining districts are Altenau, Bad Grund, Wildemann and Hahnenklee. topographic Map and more
For a full well-written story about Clausthal I will direct the reader to this FreeSpace Wikitree page written by a German Historian, Dr. Maren Dieke Clausthal und St. Andreasberg im Oberharz I have been given full permission by the author to share her writings. Dr. Dieke is the professional genealogist who compiled the German records for my Schindler family.
Attractions
- Museums
- The Brocken and the Harz mountains. Harz attractions
- Churches
Population
The current population of Clausthal/Zellerfeld is approximately 15,000. This figure includes approximately 4,000 students at the Clausthal University of Technology. So, the 11,000 population makes this a small town by most standards.
By age grouping 29% of the populace are ages 18-30, next highest is age group 45-60 at 19%, then age group 65-75 at 19%. Age 30-45 is the next lowest at 14%. The big difference between the 18-30 and the and age 30-45 can be accounted for the students graduating and going to their home towns and/or country of residence.[2]
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| Mountain man |
One page of All Charts lists the population in 1821 as 11,751, at this time Clausthal would have been a separate entity not including Zellerfeld, Altenau, Wildemann, and Schulenberg.[3]
Another website shows the decreasing population of Clausthal-Zellerfeld from 20,073 in 2015, 18,018 in 1990, 17,257 in 2000, and 14,983 in 2019.[4]
This website lists 13 districts as part of Clausthal-Zellerfeld: Altenau, Buntenbock, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Erbprinzentanne, Festenburg, Georgenhöhe, Kunstberg, Mittelschulenberg, Oberschulenberg, Romkerhalle, Schulenberg im Oberharz, Torfhaus, Wildemann.
Still to find are population estimates for late 1700's to early 1800's.
Occupations
Of primary interest of this writer is mining, as many ancestor's worked in the mines of the Harz near Clausthal. Metal-containing rock was extracted from the Harz Mountains in an undatable era of early history. Probably long before the beginning of our era, various ores were mined near the surface in many places in the mountains. One of the earliest historically documented mines was in Rammelsberg near Goslar. According to written records, silver ore has been mined here since 968. With more than a millennium of mining history, this mine holds the undisputed long-term world record.
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| early Clausthal mine |
In our day, ore mining in the Harz has come to a complete standstill. The last ore mining site near Bad Grund was closed in 1992. Although there are still large quantities of valuable metals lying dormant in the depths of the mountains, mining them is (currently) completely unprofitable.
- The above is snipped from an online travel guide for the Harz mountains that includes Clausthal. There are many mines and mining museums in Clausthal and nearby to visit, and the online magazine is here: Harzlife & The Harz mining museums
Of interest to some readers might be mining in Australia as many miners from Claustha and the surrounding mining area emigrated there in early to mid 1800's . .....The first gold rush in Australia began in May 1851 after prospector Edward Hargraves with others claimed to have discovered payable gold near Orange, at a site called Ophir.Australian gold rushes
Notables
- Carl Adolf_Riebeck, industrialist and mining entrepreneur
- Otto Erich_Hartleben and Otto Erich Hartleben, German poet and dramatist
- Robert Heinrich Hermann Koch (1843-1910) The co-founder of microbiology
Sources
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- ↑ All Charts Info https://allcharts.info/germany/municipality-city-clausthal-zellerfeld/
- ↑ Flags of the World https://www.fotw.info/flags/de-gs-cz.html
- ↑ city-facts https://fr.city-facts.com/clausthal-zellerfeld/population
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This mostly applies to emigrants from Clausthal, but so many Prussians emigrated to Australia almost all German speaking peoples have been thrown together as Prussian, but many came from Austria, and Hannover (almost a forgotten country in history it sometimes seems), and other germanic speaking peoples. ..........from the : South Australian Maritime Museum--German resource for schools. (and this reminds me to remember to mention the emigrants of who I speak mainly travelled to "South Australia") German migrants made a significant contribution to the establishment of South Australia in the early years of British settlement. Since this time, Germans have migrated to South Australia for a variety of reasons, including religious, freedom and economic reasons. This page gives a brief history of German migration to South Australia in the mid-19th Century. Up until 1870, Germany did not exist as a nation, and the country was made up of a number of independent German speaking states. The two most powerful were Austria and Prussia. The first Lutheran migrants that came to South Australia were from Prussia. In the eighteenth century, Prussia was a military state and through high taxes, thrift, production, industry and an increased population, the Prussian kings grew their army. The kings established a state that expected discipline and obedience to authority; people were to work hard with precision and punctuality.
The main reason for immigration to South Australia from Prussia in the 1830s and 40s was for religious reasons. In 1817, King Friedrich Wilhelm III wanted to form a union and bring together the Lutheran and Reformed faiths. He developed a worship book and called for these religious congregations to put their differences aside. The king commanded that all ministers and congregations were to introduce this new book by 1830. A small minority of Lutheran congregations opposed this new book and the union. They wanted to remain separate from the Reformed. The decade between 1830 and 1840 was filled with religious tensions in Prussia. The Lutherans made hurtful statements about the union and were branded disturbers of the peace and disobedient subjects.
And I just found out today that when I do a search and mention "Clausthal" this page comes up as one of the possible results I might want to see--that is probably just particular to my browsing history, but it's nice to think others might be directed here. (.'.).
Clausthal-Zellerfeld Land: Niedersachsen Kreis: Goslar Location: 51.49 N 10.20E Population: 15,336 (2004)
Clausthal-Zellerfeld The towns of Clausthal and Zellerfeld are located in the mountainous Oberharz region and originated as mining towns controlled by the Welfen family. Clausthal and Zellerfeld were granted the designationBergstadt in 1554 and 1532 respectively. This provided them with a degree of autonomy such as the right to select judges, hold markets and control lumber, fishing and pasture rights in the vicinity. They were merged in 1924 and are now the site of the Technical University of Clausthal.