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Africans convicted in Great Britain and transported to Australia

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African Ancestry Project



Convict Transportation in the British Empire, 1618–1874

Many convicts with African ancestry on the islands of the Caribbean were convicted in the territory they resided and then transported to Britain and then out again at a later date to the designated penal Colony of their sentence - either Van Diemen's Land, Norfolk Island or New South Wales. (see map"Convict Transport in the British Empire 1618-1817" above)

This page is dedicated to those with African ancestry who were

* born in Great Britain where they offended, were convicted and then transported.

* who (so there convict records document), were born in: 'Africa', America, Barbados, Lower Canada, Cuba, Demerara, Dominica, Ghana, Martinique, Nova Scotia, St Domingo, and South Africa and then found themselves in Great Britain where they offended, (or) were convicted (having been transported for sentencing) and then subsequently transported to Australia. It is the ship of transportation departing from Great Britain that is documented on convict records.

Some were Mariners or Seaman and this occupation was what brought them to the shores of Britain. Other occupations included: choclolate maker, labourer, tailor, political activist, drummer, soldier, servant, lady's maid and dressmaker. Many were convicted at the Central Criminal Court (The Old Bailey) in London (image below).

Central Criminal Court (The Old Bailey).

The column on the charts below indicating State (to right) is where those locations have been identified. Some have an asterisk * which denotes uncertainty. These are working documents.

Contents

First Fleet Africans

England

-
Name Birth Year and PlaceOccupation Place of Trial Transportation DiedStateImage Traced
John Aiken1773* Jamaica* carpenter* 10 Dec 1788 at Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery) a ship on the Second FleetunknownParrammatta NSW
The Old Bailey.
Yes
John Anthony1805 Cape of Good Hope, South Africaseaman 9th December 1830 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery) Strathfieldsay1840VDL
The Old Bailey.
Yes
George Barrow1794 Demerara, Dutch GuianaAdvocate8th September 1828 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Georgiana1833VDL
The Old Bailey.
Yes
Alexander Berry1813 Boston, Americaunknown16th October 1834 at Northampton Quarter Sessions Waterloo, Susan (1837)after 1837NSW* No
Andrew Berry (Barry)1797 AmericaBlacksmith & Tobacconist 20th July 1818 at Guildford, SurreySurrey after Dec 1850VDL Yes
George Blackstone1803 Chesapeake, Virginiamariner and servant17th January 1828 Southampton, PortsmouthWoodfordafter 1835VDL* No
William Blue1736* Jamaica, Queens, New York Colony*chocolate maker & labourer04 October 1796 Kent Quarter SessionsNile, Canada and Minorca1834NSW
Billy Blue.
Yes
James Brown1808* Africa 14th February 1833 at Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery) Johnafter 1846VDL
The Old Bailey
Yes
George Carter1780 EnglandUnknown 10th January1816 at The Old Bailey, (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Pilot, Morley1817VDL
The Old Bailey
Yes
Andrew Colbert1800 Americadrummer & soldier15th September 1819 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Coromandelafter 1826VDL*
The Old Bailey
No
William Cuffay1788 Kent, Englandtailor, political activitistThe 18th September 1848 Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Unknown1870TAS
William Cuffay.
Yes
Thomas Day1795 West IndiesSeaman and Cook24th July 1820 Maidstone KentCountess of Harcourt (1821) After Dec 1845Adelaide, SA Yes
John Ditch1800 AfricaGentleman's Servant17th February 1820 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Caledoniaafter 1827VDL*
The Old Bailey.
No
James Dodd1798 DominicaUnknown17th April 1822 Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)AlbionNov 1835VDL
The Old Bailey.
Yes George Evans1800 AmericaunknownAugust 1817 Guildford, SurreyLady Castlereagh (1818)after 1824VDL* No
Richard Ferguson1818 Newcastle upon Tyne, EnglandBoatman12th August 1835 Northumberland AssizesLord Lyndochafter 1843VDL*
Northumberland
No
John Francis1794, St Domingo DominicaLabourer & Hairdresser4th September 1834 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Waterloo (1835)1836VDL
The Old Bailey.
Yes
John Harris1797 Baltimore City, MarylandMariner9th July 1838 Lancashire, EnglandAugusta Jessie after 1860TAS*
Lancaster Assizes
No
John Jacobs1809 BarbadosSeaman13th October 1834 (Middlesex Quarter Sessions)Mangles (1835)after 1843 NSW*
The Old Bailey.
No
Henry Johnson1816 West (East?) IndiesShop Keeper17 December 1838 at Old Bailey Layton (1839)after 1849VDL*
The Old Bailey.
No
William Johnson1784 AmericaBarberApril 1816 BristolLady Castlereagh (1817)after Jan 1836 VDL* Yes*
Alfred Jones1803, New Orleans, Louisiana, AmericaGroom & House Servant26 October 1829 LancasterSir Charles Forbesafter Oct 1857TAS*
Lancaster Assizes
No
John King1807, Goree, cape Province South Africa Servant 14th January 1829 NottinghamSurrey (1829)after Jan 1836VDL* No
Thomas KingLondon* or Africa*unknown28th June 1820 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Countess of Harcourtafter 1821Vic
The Old Bailey.
Yes
Elizabeth (Mandeville) VaneLondon, Englandunknown 6th April 1808 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery) Aeolus 18081821NSW
Elizabeth (Mandeville) Vane (likeness).
Yes
Charlotte Nicholls (Spears)1803 Havana, CubaDressmaker, Lady's Maid 10th January 1828 The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)The Mermaid1836VDL
The Old Bailey.
Yes
Benjamin Pearce1807 Bristol, EnglandGentleman's Servant6th April 1826 The Old Bailey (Newgate)Governor Ready1835VDL*
The Old Bailey.
No
John Powell1819 Derbyshire, Englandunknown13th March 1844 Derby AssizesAgincourt (1844)after 1851TAS* No
Peter Rainer1800 BarbadosSeaman7th December 1819 at The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Shipley (1820)after Dec 1854VDL
The Old Bailey.
Yes
Daniel Roch' (aka Samuel Roach)1804* Bristol(American accent) Mariner9th April 1828 at Bristol Georgianaafter 1835VDL* No
Richard Simmonds1794 Americapastry cook15th January 1817 at The Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Almorah (1817), Pilotafter 1817NSW
The Old Bailey.
No
John Smith1796 BarbadosMariner 13th October 1823 KentPhoenix IIafter July 1824 VDL* No
William StewardJamaica BarberLancs QSCountess of Harcourt (1828)after 1828 Bathurst, NSW No
William Taylor1804 Breman Benin, Asikuma-Odoben-Brakwa, Central, Ghana, or Benin*unknown8th March 1834 LancasterWilliam Metcalf (1834)after Jan 1847VDL*
Lancaster Assizes
No
George Thomas1792 BarbadosSeaman13th July 1818, BristolSurrey after 1819 VDL* No
William Tyson1799 NevisServant15th January 1817 Old Bailey (Middlesex Gaol Delivery)Almorah, Pilotafter Aug 1817VDL*
The Old Bailey.
No
John Thompson1791 Martiniqueunknown 6th Aug 1818 Surrey AssizesSurrey 1 1819after 1825VDL* No
John Wallace1809 AmericaSeaman28th February 1837 Durham AssizesElphinstone (1837)after 1848VDL* No
John Williams1809 BarbadosSeaboy, Sailor19th October 1824 GloucesterWoodman (1826)after 1855TAS* No
Joseph Williams1799 Nova ScotiaSeaman24th July 1820 KentCountess of Harcourt (1821) after 1827VDL* No
Joseph Williams1805 Liverpool, EnglandGentleman's Servant, Sailor30th July 1827 Lancaster William Miles (1828)after August 1834 VDL No
Joseph Wilson1814 JamaicaSeaman4th September 1834 Winchester, SouthamptonWilliam Metcalf (1834)after Feb 1852VDL* No
March 2024 Total: 42

asterisk * denotes uncertainty

Scotland

Name Year and Birthplace OccupationPlace of TrialTransportationDied StateTraced
Janet George (Jess, Jessie Thomas, Clark)1831 Aberdeen, Scotlandfactory girl, housemaid13th April 1848 Aberdeen ScotlandCadet1915TAS Yes
Robert Young (WhiteheadWilliam Thomson)1809* Scotland*unknown8th September 1829 Perth Court of Judiciary, ScotlandYorkafter 1836VDL* No
Total: England and Scotland: 44

asterisk * denotes uncertainty

Sources

  • Panopticon.org
    A Digital Transformations project funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council. A collaboration between the Universities of Liverpool, Oxford, Sheffield, Sussex and Tasmania, it is published by the Digital Humanities Institute. Allows a search of millions of records from around fifty datasets, relating to the lives of 90,000 convicts from the Old Bailey.

consultation:

  • Clare Anderson (2016) Transnational Histories of Penal Transportation: Punishment, Labour and Governance in the British Imperial World, 1788–1939, Australian Historical Studies, 47:3, 381-397,
    (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/),




Collaboration


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