King
Stanisław
Antoni
(Stanisław II August)
"King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania"
Poniatowski
Born in Wołczyn, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Ancestors 
Son of Stanisław Poniatowski
and Konstancja Czartoryska
Brother of
Kazimierz Poniatowski, Franciszek Poniatowski, Aleksander Poniatowski, Ludwika Maria Poniatowska, Izabela Poniatowska, Andrzej Poniatowski and Michał Jerzy Poniatowski
Died
at age 66
in Sankt Petersburg, Russia
Profile managers:
Poland Project WikiTree 
[send private message] and Artur Lange [send private message]
[send private message] and Artur Lange [send private message]Profile last modified
| Created 17 Dec 2017
This page has been accessed 4,266 times.
Contents |
Biography
Stanisław II August Poniatowski is Notable.
King of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 7 September 1764 to 25 November 1795.
Full title: Stanisław August, by the grace of God and the will of the people, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Duke of Ruthenia, Prussia, Masovia, Samogitia, Kiev, Volhynia, Podolia, Podlasie, Livonia, Smolensk, Severia and Chernihiv
Early Life
Stanisław was born on 17 January 1732 in Wołczyn, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, now part of Belarus (Volchin).
"He was born the sixth child of Stanisław Poniatowski, a Polish noble, and his wife, Princess Konstancja Czartoryska. After a careful education he traveled in western Europe as a young man."[1]
Career
"In 1757 he was sent by his mother’s enormously powerful family to St. Petersburg to obtain Russian support for their plan to dethrone the Polish king Augustus III. While at the Russian court, he apparently did little for the family’s interests but succeeded in becoming the lover of the future empress, Catherine II."[1]
"It is said of Catherine the Great: Her next lover was plucked straight from the imperial court, Polish nobleman Stanisław Poniatowski. Their affair came to an end after he was forced from the Russian court. Catherine later helped to place him on the Polish throne. She was incredibly generous to all her lovers."[2]
"When he ascended the Polish throne in 1764, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had about 700,000 square kilometers and, although weak, was one of the largest European countries. He was a politician with a distinct personality, with his own program, and his rule had only one goal - to improve the situation of the Republic of Poland."[3]
"Stanisław was the last King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania (1764-95) and the last monarch of the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795). He remains a controversial figure in Polish history. Recognized as a great patron of the arts and sciences and an initiator and firm supporter of progressive reforms, he is also remembered as the King of the Commonwealth whose election was marred by Russian intervention. He is criticized primarily for his failure to stand against the partitions, and thus to prevent the destruction of the Polish state." [4]
Personal Life
"Poniatowski never married. In his youth, he had loved his cousin Elżbieta Czartoryska[5], but her fatherAugust Aleksander Czartoryski disapproved because he did not think him influential or rich enough."[4]
"He had several notable lovers, including Elżbieta Branicka[6], Magdalena Agnieszka Sapieżyna, Elżbieta Szydłowska and Catherine the Great."[4]
"Upon Stanisław's accession to the throne, he had hopes of marrying Catherine II, however she made it clear through his envoy Rzewuski that she would not marry him. A few historians believe that he contracted a secret marriage with Elżbieta Szydłowska. However, a contemporary who knew them both, stated this rumour only spread after the death of Poniatowski and was generally disbelieved, so the marriage is considered by most to be unlikely."[4]
Stanisław may have fathered the following children, however sources have conflicting information. His paternity hasn't be proven:[4]
- Anna Petrovna, 1757-1758
- Konstancja Żwanowa, 1768-1810[7]
- Michał Mikołaj Cichock, 1770-1828[8]
- Aleksandra Grabowska, 1771-1789[9]
- Michał Grabowski, 1773-1812[10]
- Izabela Grabowska - 1776-1858[11]
- Stanisław Grabowski - 1780-1845[12]
- Kazimierz Grabowski - 1774-1842[13]
Death
"After the death of Empress Catherine II (November 17, 1796), the Russian throne was taken over by Emperor Paul I Romanov, who was kind to Poniatowski and invited him to St. Petersburg. He arrived there on March 10 and took up residence at the Marble Palace. He died from a stroke on February 12, 1798 in St. Petersburg."[4]
"Paul I sponsored a royal state funeral, and on 3 March he was buried at the Catholic Church of St. Catherine in St. Petersburg. In 1938, his remains were transferred to the Second Polish Republic and interred in a church at Wołczyn, his birthplace. In 1990, his body was once more exhumed and was brought to Poland, to Bazylika św. Jana Chrzciciela; Warsaw, Miasto Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland. [14][15] A third funeral ceremony was held on 14 February 1995."[4]
"When he died in 1798, Poland no longer existed. As the tripartite convention of the partitioning powers of 1797 proclaimed, "political annihilation" of its body was carried out for all time. Stanisław August as a monarch, as a politician and as a man suffered the greatest possible defeat. All the more so because, contrary to what was later accused of him, he was not a traitor or a puppet of Russia deprived of his own will. [3]
Sources
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Stanisław II August Poniatowski | Last King of Independent Poland | Britannica. (n.d.). Www.britannica.com. Retrieved August 23, 2023, from Share Link
- ↑ Twins souls whose passionate affair shaped the Golden Age of Russia. (n.d.). History TV. Share Link
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Stanisław August - biografia | Łazienki Królewskie. (n.d.). Www.lazienki-Krolewskie.pl. Share Link
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Wikipedia Contributors. (2022, August 29). Stanisław August Poniatowski. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. Share Link
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors. (2023, August 20). Elżbieta Izabela Lubomirska. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 12:47, August 24, 2023, from Share Link
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors. (2023, August 6). Elżbieta Branicka. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 12:43, August 24, 2023, from Share Link
- ↑ Konstancja Żwanowa [online]. Wikipedia : wolna encyklopedia, 2022-06-20 22:52Z [dostęp: 2023-08-24 14:01Z]. Dostępny w Internecie: Share Link
- ↑ Michal Cichocki [online]. Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia, 2022-11-26 10:40Z [access: 2023-08-24 14:01Z]. Available on the Internet: Share Link
- ↑ Aleksandra Grabowska [online]. Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia, 2021-11-05 16:08Z [access: 2023-08-24 13:54Z]. Available on the Internet: Share Link
- ↑ Michał Grabowski (1773–1812) [online]. Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia, 2022-09-06 19:59Z [access: 2023-08-24 13:55Z]. Available on the Internet: Share Link
- ↑ Izabela Grabowska [online]. Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia, 2023-08-21 19:22Z [access: 2023-08-24 13:59Z]. Available on the Internet: Share Link
- ↑ Stanisław Grabowski (Minister) [online]. Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia, 2022-08-10 15:30Z [access: 2023-08-24 13:57Z]. Available on the Internet: Share Link
- ↑ Kazimierz Grabowski (Marshal) [online]. Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia, 2022-06-07 11:02Z [access: 2023-08-24 13:56Z]. Available on the Internet: Share Link
- ↑ Find a Grave, database and images (Share Link: accessed 23 August 2023), memorial page for King Stanisław August Poniatowski (17 Jan 1732–12 Feb 1798), Find a Grave Memorial ID 11502475, citing Bazylika św. Jana Chrzciciela, Warsaw, Miasto Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; Maintained by Kasia (contributor 46787018).
- ↑ Tomb of Stanisław August Poniatowski archikatedra św. Jana w Warszawie.JPG. (2020, September 13). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved 13:06, August 24, 2023 from Share Link.
Sponsored Search by Ancestry.com
DNA
No known carriers of Stanisław II August's ancestors' DNA have taken a DNA test. Have you taken a test? If so, login to add it. If not, see our friends at Ancestry DNA.
No known carriers of Stanisław II August's ancestors' DNA have taken a DNA test. Have you taken a test? If so, login to add it. If not, see our friends at Ancestry DNA.
Featured Eurovision connections: Stanisław II August is 35 degrees from Agnetha Fältskog, 17 degrees from Anni-Frid Synni Reuß, 26 degrees from Corry Brokken, 21 degrees from Céline Dion, 17 degrees from Françoise Dorin, 18 degrees from France Gall, 26 degrees from Lulu Kennedy-Cairns, 27 degrees from Lill-Babs Svensson, 18 degrees from Olivia Newton-John, 26 degrees from Henriette Nanette Paërl, 30 degrees from Annie Schmidt and 17 degrees from Moira Kennedy on our single family tree. Login to see how you relate to 33 million family members.
P > Poniatowski > Stanisław Antoni Poniatowski
Categories: Warszawa, Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Polska | Polish Elected Monarchs | House of Poniatowski | Featured Connections Archive 2023 | Notables
We are featuring this profile in the Connection Finder this week. Between now and Wednesday is a good time to take a look at the sources and biography to see if there are updates and improvements that need made, especially those that will bring it up to WikiTree Style Guide standards. We know it's short notice, so don't fret too much. Just do what you can.
Thanks!
Abby