Porto, Norte One Place Study
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Porto, Portugal One Place Study
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Name
Porto aka Oporto, Portugal
Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpoɾtu]
Geography
- Continent: Europe
- Country: Portugal
- Region: Norte
- SubRegion: Grande Porto
- District: Porto
- GPS Coordinates: 41.162142, -8.621953
- Elevation: 104 m (341 ft)
Municipality Area: 41.42 km2 (15.99 sq mi)
Population
2023 Approximatley 230,000
Administration
There are seven civil parishes known as 'Freguesias'
Historical Tidbits
It's roots go back to 540CE, and in then Roman times it was called 'Portus Cale'.
Porto (Oporto) has been populated by a variety of entities throughout the centuries such as the Visigoths , Moors (Muslims), Spanish, Jewish, and Christians.
The city is home to over 50 churches (Igreja's) and Catholic cathedrals starting back from the 12th century.
It was a starting point during the 'Age of Discovery' whereby many explorers started from it's port setting off to find new lands.
In 1756, the Marquess of Pombal founded the Douro Wine Company to make 'Port' wine for the masses. His company only lasted 100 years, but port wine is still produced here today for world distribution, hence the city namesake 'Porto'.
Porto has withstood battles of all sizes, political uprisings, civil wars, and revolts and stands today as a world trading partner with many other countries.
It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996, and was chosen The Best European Destination in 2014 and 2017.
Well known for its six bridges (Cidade das Pontes (City of the Bridges) across the Duoro River.
Being the second largest Portuguese city, it's historical district of Riberia (riverside) is the main tourist attraction today. Boats, people, bridges, cafe's, street performers, and historical buildings abound along this walk street where the tourists congregate today. Find a restaurant canopy in the front row, get a picture of Sangria, a Sagres beer, or glass of Port wine and watch the world go by. It's the place to see and be seen.
Landmarks
Bridges
There are currently six bridges related to Porto that span over the Douro River.
Dom Luís I Bridge c.1886
Location: Ponte Luís I, Porto, Portugal / Douro River
Total Length: 591 feet [180 metres]
Designed by Théophile Seyrig (1843-1923), German Engineer
Spanning the Douro River, the Dom Luís I Bridge (Ponte de Dom Luís I) is a double-deck metal arch bridge between Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia.
The top level carries the Oporto Metro trains, with pedestrian walkways while the lower level carries vehiclular traffic and pedestrians.
Ponte da Arrábida c.1963
Location: Via de Cintura Interna, 4400-492 Porto, Portugal / Douro River
Designed by Edgar Cardoso (1913-2000) Portuguese Engineer
Length: 1,617 feet (493 m)
It was once the biggest concrete single arch bridge, and carries six lanes of vehicular traffic with pedestrian walkways.
Ponte Dona Maria Pia c.1877
Location: 4430-999 Oliveira do Douro, Portugal / Douro River
Designed by Gustave Alexandre Eiffel (1832-1923) French Engineer (From Eiffel Tower fame).
Length: 1,158 feet (353 m)
The bridge was opened by the king of Portugal and named for his wife, Queen Maria Pia.
It was used as a railroad bridge until 1991 when replaced by the new Ponte de São João aka St. John bridge.
Ponte do Freixo c.1995
Location: Circular Regional Interna do Porto, Porto, Portugal / Douro River
Designers: António Reis and Daniel de Sousa.
Length: 2,313 feet (705 m)
It was built as an alternative to Ponte da Arrábida and Dom Luis I bridges.
This is a double bridge with two floors separating them and is built of reinforced concrete.
Ponte Infante Dom Henrique aka 'Infante Bridge' c.2003
Location: R. de Cabo Simão 89, 4430, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal / Douro River
Designed by: Adão da Fonseca, Civil Engineer
Lenth: 1,217 feet (371 m)
Named for Prince Henry the Navigator (Dom Henrique).
It carries vehicular and pedestrian traffic from Vila Nova de Gaia to Central Porto. The bridge was constructed as a replacement for the upper deck of the Dom Luís I Bridge that was closed to vehicle traffic in 2003 to allow for its conversion to the D Line of the Porto Metro.
Ponte de São João aka St. John, c.1991
Location: 4430-999 Porto, Portugal / Douro River
Designed by: Edgar Cardoso (1913-2000) Portuguese Engineer
Length: 3,740 feet (1,140 m)
Named for Saint John the Baptist.
As a railway bridge, it replaced the still standing iron Maria Pia Bridge in 1991.
Buildings
Casa do Infante c.1325
Location: R. da Alfândega 10, 4050-029 Porto, Portugal
Built as a customs house (Alfândega Velha) as a central point for goods and merchandise transported in and out of Portugal.
It eventually became the birthplace of Henry the Navigator, it was renamed the Casa do Infante (Prince’s House).
Clérigos Tower c.1763
Location: R. São Filipe de Nery Road. and R. das Carmelitas Road, Porto, Portugal
It features a 75-metre bell tower which can be seen from anywhere in the city. The 225 steps to the top provides a great view of the city.
It also features Baroque motifs by Italian designer Nicolau Nasoni.
Igreja de Santa Clara c.1457
Location: Largo Primeiro de Dezembro, 4000-404 Porto, Portugal
It replaced an old medieval convent and built in the Barroco Joanino style with Baroque woodwork.
Striking features are its dazzling white and blue tiles, weathered gray stone,
Livraria Lello c.1881
Location: R. das Carmelitas 144, 4050-161 Porto, Portugal
An Art Nouveau bookstore featuring red carpet, stained glass windows, and a spiral staircase, it is said to have inspired the one in 'Hogwarts' film of Harry Potter, FYI - (JK Rowling once lived in Porto).
It's not like any bookstore you may have ever been in. It's a must see for any tourist.
Palácio da Bolsa do Porto aka The Old Stock Exchange) c.1842
Location: Praça do Infante D. Henrique
The former stock exchange, it is now used for official city events, it sits atop of a former convent.
It built in the British Neoclassical, and Palladian style, present, while the interior features paintings and other decorations everywhere you look. FYI - Make sure you see the ceilings.
Porto Cathedral c.1737
Location: Terreiro da Sé, 4050-573 Porto, Portugal
It was started in the 12th but not completed until the 16th and remodeled in the 18th century as well.
It's interior features lots of Catholic trappings like artwork, and statues.
São Bento Train Station c.1916
Location: Praça de Almeida Garrett, 4000-069 Porto, Portugal
It was once a former convent and features an interior decorated with 20,000 painted tiles.
Artist Jorge Colaço adorned the walls with local scenes.
Other Venues
Funicular dos Guindais (Funicular Railway) c.1891 / 2004
Location: Cedofeita, Santo Ildefonso, Sé, Miragaia, São Nicolau e Vitória, Porto, Portugal
The two car funicular tram line is operated by the Porto Metro uses a central loop system rising to 295 feet (61 m) on a very steep incline.
The cars are able to maintain a horizontal plane due to a unique self leveling system built into the cars.
Memorials, Fountains, and Statues
The city is full of memorials to many of it's more notable residents from the past.
Abundância Os Meninos Sculpture c.1931
Location: Praca de Liberdade, Avenida dos Aliados 69 71 4000-196 at do Dr. Magaihaes, Lemos, 4000-065, Porto, Portugal
Sculpter: Henrique Moreira
The statue consists of three boys supporting a cup full of flowers and fruits.
Equestre de D. Joao VI aka John VI c.1966
Location: Praça de Gonçalves Zarco, 4100-274 Porto, Portugal
Sculpter: Salvador Barata Feyo (1899 – 1990) Portuguese sculptor
Dom John VI was King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves from 1816 to 1825.
Equestre de D. Pedro IV c.1886
Location: Praça da Liberdade, 4000-069 Porto, Portugal
Artist: Célestin Anatole Calmels
Statue dedicated to King Peter IV.
Fonte da Juventude Menina Nua c. 1929
Location: Av. dos Aliados, 4000-065 Porto, Portugal
Sculpture by Henrique Moreira.
Monumento Almeida Garrett c.1954
Location: Avenida dos Aliados 291, Porto Portugal
Artist: Salvador Barata Feyo
Memorial to João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett, 1st Viscount of Almeida Garrett (1799-1854) who was a Portuguese poet, among other things.
Infant Henrique aka Prince Henry the Navigator (Statue) c.1894
Location: Jardim do Infante Dom Henrique, 4050-450 Porto, Portugal
Sculptor: Tomás Costa
Celebrates the life of the 14th-century prince, famous for maritime expeditions he facilitated and military exploits.
Estátua do Ardina aka 'The Newspaper Vendor Statue' c.1990
Location: Praca da Liberdade at Praca de Almeida Garrett
Created by Manuel Dias
Features a newsboy of the good ole days.
Monumento aos Herois da Guerra Peninsular aka 'Monument to the Heroes of the Peninsular War' c.1952
Location: Praça de Mouzinho de Albuquerque 3220, Porto, Portugal
Artists: Alves de Sousa, Henrique Moreira, José Sousa Caldas
Architect: José Marques da Silva
Dedicated to the hero's of the Peninsular War 1808-1814.
Vímara Peres c.1968
Location: Calçada de Vandoma, 4000-013 Porto, Portugal
Sculptor: Barata Feyo
An equestrian statue of the 9th century nobleman from Galicia, Vímara Peres who was the first Count of Portugal.
Portuguese as Treze a Rir uns dos Outros, aka 'Thirteen Laughing at Each Other' c.2001
Location: Praca de Jardim de João Chagas, Campos dos Martires da Patria, Porto, Portugal
Designed by Juan Muñoz.
A collection of four sets of bronze and steel benches distributed throughout the garden, with a total 13 figures of men.
Notable People
Fernando Nicolau de Almeida (1913–1998) Portuguese Oenologist (the science and study of wine and winemaking).
Born: Porto, Portugal
Died: Porto, Portugal
Resting Place: Unknown
Bio Summary: Born into a family who made 'Port' wine, he was best known for developing the Barca Velha red wine, one of the most expensive wines in Portugal.
Parents: Unknown
Siblings: Unknown
Spouse: Maria José Ramos Pinto Rosas (XXXX-XXXX)
Issue: João Nicolau de Almeida (1949-XXXX)
Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia (1415-1481) Portuguese nautical explorer.
Born: Porto, Portugal
Died: Praia da Vitória, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
Resting Place: Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
Bio Summary: He explored much of the coast of Western Sahara in 1435–1436 on behalf of the Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator. He would later become one of the first colonists of Terceira Island in the Azores.
He is featured on the Monument to the Discoveries, in Lisbon, Portugal.
Parents: Luis Fernandes Baldaia (bef. 1392-XXXX) and Elvira Gonçalves De Baldaya (c.1391-XXXX)
Siblings: Maria Vaz do Rego (born Baldaia), and 3 others
Spouse Number 1: Antonia Gonçalves (1420-XXXX) Married 1440
Issue: Izabel Gonçalves de São Francisco (XXXX-XXXX)
Spouse Number 2: Inês Rodrigues Fagundes (1430-XXXX)
Issue: Inês Gonçalves Fagundes (1450-XXXX), Cecilia Alvares Fagundes (1460-XXXX), Mécia Lourenço (1480-XXXX), Diogo Lourenço Fagundes (1481-XXXX), João Lourenço Fagundes (XXXX-1570), Beatriz Rodrigues Fagundes (XXXX-XXXX)
João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett (1799-1854) Portuguese poet, orator, playwright, novelist, journalist, politician.
Born: Porto, Portugal
Died: Lisbon, Portugal
Resting Place: Cemetery of Prazeres and, on 3 May 1903, his remains were transferred to the national pantheon in the Jerónimos Monastery, where they rest near to those of Alexandre Herculano and Luís Vaz de Camões.
Bio Summary: A major promoter of theater in Portugal he is considered the greatest figure of Portuguese Romanticism.
After fleeing to England and France, he returned to Portugal in 1826 where he founded the newspapers O Portuguez and O Chronista.
He went on to publish 32 Romanticism novels which made him famous.
Parents: António Bernardo da Silva Garrett (1739–1834) and Ana Augusta de Almeida Leitão (b. Porto, c. 1770), Married 1796
Siblings: Alexandre José da Silva de Almeida Garrett (1797-1847), Maria Amália de Almeida Garrett (1800-1844)
Spouse Number 1: Luísa Cândida Midosi (XXXX-XXXX) Divorced in 1835
Issue: Unknown
Partner Number 2: Adelaide Deville Pastor (1819-1839), Joined 1836
Issue: Maria Amália de Almeida Garrett (1836-XXXX)
Lover: Rosa de Montúfar y Infante (1815-1883)
Issue: Unknown
Prince_Henry_the_Navigator (1394-1460) Born: Dom Henrique
Born: Porto, Portugal
Died: Sagres, Portugal
Resting Place: Batalha Monastery, Largo Infante Dom Henrique, 2440-109 Batalha, Portugal
Bio Summary: Established of a school of navigation at Sagres, Portugal. He also taught newer sailors to sail, and build ships for exploration.
A Portuguese prince noted for his patronage of voyages of discovery among the Madeira Islands and along the western coast of Africa. The title of Navigator, applied to him is misleading, as he himself never embarked on any exploratory voyages himself.
He is featured at the head of the Monument to the Discoveries, in Lisbon, Portugal.
Parents: King John (João) I of Portugal (1357-1433) and Queen Philippa of Lancaster (1360-1415)
Siblings: Alfonso (1377-1461), Edward (1391-1438), Peter (1392-1449), Isabella (1397-1471), Blanche (1398-1398), John (1400-1442), and Ferdinand (1402-1443)
Spouse: None known
Issue: None known
Ferdinand_Magellan (Born Fernão de Magalhães) (c. 1480–1521) the globe circumnavigation navigator.
Born: Sabrosa, Portugal
Died: Mactan, Philippines
Resting Place: Mactan, Philippines
Bio Summary: Lived and studied in Porto. Known for The Magellan expedition, finding the Strait of Magellan, and first European Pacific Ocean crossing.
Parents: Rodrigo (or Rui) de Magalhães (1433-1500) and Alda de Mezquita (XXXX-XXXX)
Siblings: Diogo, and a sister, Isabel. Some others also add an additional sister, Genebra, and two more brothers, Duarte and Aires.
Spouse: Unknown name (XXXX-1521
Issue: Rodrigo de Magallanes (1480-1521), Carlos de Magallanes (XXXX-XXXX), both of whom died at a young age.
Joanne K. Rowling CH OBE FRSL aka J.K. Rowling (born 1965) Author, Philanthropist
Born: Yate, Gloucestershire, England
Died: N/A
Resting Place: N/A
Bio Summary: J. K. Rowling moved to Porto in 1991 after the death of her mother Anne in 1990. The author went on to teach English classes, got married, had a daughter and it was here that she wrote the first three chapters of the book Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.
The story goes that Livraria Lello (Bookstore) is actually the inspiration behind some of the famous Hogwarts scenery in Harry Potter.
She left Porto in 1993 after her marriage failed.
J.K. Rowling speaks English, French, and Portuguese—while having a high proficiency in German. Her mother, Anne (Volant) Rowling was half-French.
Parents: Peter ("Pete") James Rowling (b. 1945) and Anne Volant (1945-1990)
Siblings: Dianne Rowling (b. 1967)
Spouse Number 1: Jorge Arantes (m. 1992; div. 1995)
Issue: Jessica Isabel Rowling Arantes (b. 1993)
Spouse Number 2: Dr. Phillip Neil Murray (b. 1950) (m. 2001)
Issue: David Gordon Rowling Murray (b. 2003), and Mackenzie Jean Rowling Murray (b. 2005)
Maria José Marques da Silva (1914-1996) Portuguese architect
Born: Porto, Portugal
Died: Porto, Portugal
Resting Place: Unknown
Bio Summary: After completing the degree in Architecture at the Porto Fine Arts School, she obtained her Architecture Diploma (CODA) in 1943, making her the first woman architect at that school.
Working with her husband, they designed structures that include the Palácio do Comércio (1946), the Trabalho e Reforma (1953) and the Torre Miradouro (1969) buildings in Porto. They also carried out several church building assignments.
One notable example of this was the Monument to the Heroes of the Peninsular War, also known as the Boavista Monument, in Porto, designed by her father in 1909, delayed by two World Wars, completed in 1951 and finally unveiled in 1952.
Parents: José Marques da Silva (1869-1947) and Maria Júlia Lopes Martins (XXXX-XXXX)
Siblings: Unknown
Spouse: David Moreira da Silva (1909-2002) Married 1943
Issue: Unknown
Transportation
Tram Service
A tram (streetcar) network, of which only three lines remain one of them being a tourist line on the shores of the Douro which began in1895.
The first line of the area's modern-tram, or light rail system, named Metro do Porto, opened for revenue service in January 2003.
Sources
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
- ↑ Britannia; https://www.britannica.com
- ↑ Stuart Wilson; Personal visit 2023
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
- ↑ Britannica; https://www.britannica.com
- ↑ Bridge Info; https://www.bridgeinfo.net
- ↑ Goggle maps; https://www.google.com/maps
- ↑ The Culture Trip; https://theculturetrip.com
- ↑ Time Out; https://www.timeout.com
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
- ↑ Wandering Wheatleys; https://wanderingwheatleys.com
- ↑ Local Porto; https://www.localporto.com
- ↑ Goggle maps; https://www.google.com/maps
- ↑ Stuart Wilson; Personal Visit 2023
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
- ↑ Goggle maps; https://www.google.com/maps
- ↑ Stuart Wilson; Personal Visit 2023
- ↑ GPS My City; https://www.gpsmycity.com
- ↑ Goggle Maps; https://www.google.com/maps
- ↑ Trip Advisor; https://www.tripadvisor.com
- ↑ Trip; https://www.trip.com
- ↑ Goggle maps; https://www.google.com/maps
- ↑ Stuart Wilson; Personal Visit 2023
- ↑ Britannica; https://www.britannica.com
- ↑ Study; https://homework.study.com
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
- ↑ Family Search; https://ancestors.familysearch.org
- ↑ My Heritage; https://www.myheritage.com
- ↑ University of Porto; https://sigarra.up.pt
- ↑ Wikipedia; https://en.wikipedia.org
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