There is no source for James Horne being his father (marked uncertain and should be removed by profile manager after review). His father was John Rowlands -- see sources attached and in the comments section.
Stanley is best known as a Welsh journalist and explorer famous for his exploration of central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone. He also discovered the source of the Nile River. He was knighted in 1899 by Great Britain.
He was born in 1841 as John Rowlands in Denbigh, Denbighshire, Wales. His mother, Elizabeth Parry, was 18 years old. She abandoned him as a very young baby and cut off all communication. As his parents were unmarried, his birth certificate describes him as a bastard and the stigma of illegitimacy weighed heavily upon him all his life.
The boy John was given his father's surname of Rowlands and brought up by his maternal grandfather, Moses Parry.
Sources
"Wales, Denbighshire, Parish Registers, 1538-1912," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KCPC-ZP4 : 11 February 2018), John Rowlands, 19 Feb 1841, Baptism; from "Parish Records Collection 1538-2005," database and images, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : 2012); citing Denbigh, Denbighshire, Wales, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey.
"Wales Births and Baptisms, 1541-1907," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X1B4-QD4 : 11 February 2018), John Parry Or Rowland, 28 Jan 1841; citing , index based upon data collected by the Genealogical Society of Utah, Salt Lake City; FHL microfilm 104,777.
"British Newspaper Archives, Obituaries," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q26M-8J13 : 26 October 2019), Sir Henry Morton or John Stanley or Rowlands, 13 May 1904; citing Obituary, Dover, Kent, England, United Kingdom, page , Records extracted by FindMyPast and images digitized by FamilySearch. The British Library, London; FHL microfilm 102,001,188.
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John Rowlands otherwise Parry aka Henry Morton Stanley son of Elizabeth Parry Ancestry Profile
He is my 2nd cousin 4 times removed. My Great Great Great Grandmother Alice Parry Ancestry Profile who died a pauper was first cousin with Stanley's mother Elizabeth Parry Ancestry Profile
Family legend passed down to my mother said some of our cousins looked after him. (1st cousins of my 3xGt Grand mother Alice Parry and siblings of Stanley's mother Elizabeth Parry. Unfortunately they were all too poor to keep him it seems. Alice died a pauper in 1868.
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Additionally, you can refer to https://biography.wales/article/s-STAN-MOR-1841# More bio information: https://rowlandgenealogy.com/famous-rowlands/#doctor-livingstone-i-presume
He is my 2nd cousin 4 times removed. My Great Great Great Grandmother Alice Parry Ancestry Profile who died a pauper was first cousin with Stanley's mother Elizabeth Parry Ancestry Profile Family legend passed down to my mother said some of our cousins looked after him. (1st cousins of my 3xGt Grand mother Alice Parry and siblings of Stanley's mother Elizabeth Parry. Unfortunately they were all too poor to keep him it seems. Alice died a pauper in 1868.
https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/Sir-Henry-Morton-Stanley/
Reference to Spouse: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Tennant
edited by Rhonda Morton