Henry (Plantagenet) of England (1207 - 1272)

Born 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England [uncertain]

Ancestors

Husband of Eleanor (Provence) of England — married 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury, Kent, England

Descendants

Died 16 Nov 1272 at age 65 in Palace of Westminster, Westminster, Middlesex, England

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Biography

Henry III of England

Henry III (Plantagenet) of England is Notable.

Henry III (Plantagenet) of England is a member of the House of Plantagenet.

Birth

Born: 1 October 1207 at Winchester Castle in Winchester, Hampshire, England.

Marriage and Children

Married: Eleanor of Provence on 14 January 1236 at Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, England. She was the daughter Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence, and Beatrice of Savoy.

Children of Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence:^[1]

1. Edward I (b. 17/18 June 1239 – d. 7 July 1307)
2. Margaret (b. 29 September 1240 – d. 26 February 1275)
3. Beatrice (b. 25 June 1242 – d. 24 March 1275)
4. Edmund (16 January 1245 – d. 5 June 1296)
5. Katherine or Catherine (b. 25 November 1253 – d. 3 May 1257)

Early writers gave Henry III up to nine children.^{[2] [3]} However, a detailed study of the primary records shows that only five can be documented. The other four do not appear in any records before the fifteenth century. The household records, Church records and contemporaneous writers are so detailed as to make it near certain the other four did not exist, even if they died early in infancy.^[1] The four children who are no longer thought exist but may be found in older records are:

1. Richard Plantagenet. Said to have been born about 1247 and to have died 29 August 1250. There is no contemporary evidence of his birth, his death or even of his existence.
2. John Plantagenet. Said to have been born 1252 and to have died 31 August 1252. There is no contemporary evidence of his birth, his death or even of his existence.
3. William Plantagenet. Said to have died in 1259. There is no contemporary evidence of his birth, his death or even of his existence.
4. Henry Plantagenet. Said to have been born May 1260 and to have died 10 October 1260. There is no contemporary evidence of his birth, his death or even of his existence.

Henry had no illegitimate children. However, he is sometimes given given additional children. There is no evidence to support any of the claims. These include:

1. Walter de Hales - This is perhaps an internet error as Walter de Hales was contemporaneous with King John.
2. Lawrence Cornwall - A confusion with the Lawrence Cornwall who was an illegitimate son of Richard Cornwall by Joan Valletort.
3. Philip DeSancto Austolo - Another possible illegitimate son of Richard Cornwall. He is sometimes said to be equivalent to Philip Cornwall. Whether he existed or not, he does not belong attached to Henry III.^[4]

Death and burial of Henry III

(Royal Tombs of Medieval England) Henry III originally intended to be buried in the Temple Church, London, but in 1246 he instructed his burial to be in Westminster Abbey, the first royal burial at Westminster since Edward the Confessor. Henry's will of 1253 confirmed his burial intentions, made various bequests to the Confessor's shrine, and urged his heir and successor, Edward, to complete the rebuilding of the church. Henry III died at Westminster on 16 November 1272 and was interred five days later before the high altar of the abbey church in what was thought to be the position of the Confessor's original grave. But work on Henry's tomb does not appear to have begun until several years later, when as late as 1280, his son Edward I brought semi-precious stones from France for his father's monument. And it was not until 10 May 1290 that Henry's body was translated to the new tomb, in the dead of night and without warning. The following year Edward commissioned a gilt-bronze effigy for his tomb, together with companion effigies for Eleanor of Castile at Westminster and Lincoln. Repairs made to Henry's tomb in 1292 most likely relate to the installation of his effigy. Henry's heart was taken from Westminster for burial that same year at the Angevin mausoleum at Fontevrault. Henry's tomb was opened in 1871 when it necessitated nine men using pulleys to raise the effigy and effigy-plate. Henry's coffin was found to be over 6 feet in length and of polished oak. It was not disturbed. Henry's tomb features the first surviving English royal tomb-chest, and, together with Eleanor of Castile's Westminster effigy, the earliest surviving English effigy cast in bronze.

Sources

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Howell, Margaret (1992). "The Children of King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence". In Coss, Peter R.; Lloyd, Simon D. Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Newcastle upon Tyne Conference, 1991 4. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. pp. 57–72. ISBN 0-85115-325-9. Cited by Wikipedia, Henry III of England. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_England
2. ↑ Sandford, Francis. A Genealogical History of the Kings of England, and Monarchs of Great Britain. (1677): page 93.
3. ↑ Richardson is using and cites Sandford. As noted these four children are no longer thought to have existed.
4. ↑ Soc.genealogy.medieval Discussion group. "Philip de Sancto Austolo" (First post by Richard Turner, 11 February 2017). See follow up by Douglas Richardson. Available on Google GroHenry was born in 1206. Henry Plantagenet ... He passed awayups.

• Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, in 5 vols. (Salt Lake City, Utah, 2013): vol. I pages 58-63.

• Howell, Margaret. "The Children of King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence". In Coss, Peter R.; Lloyd, Simon D. Thirteenth Century England: Proceedings of the Newcastle upon Tyne Conference, 1991 4. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1992): pages 57–72. Google Bools Preview view

• Sandford, Francis. A Genealogical History of the Kings of England, and Monarchs of Great Britain. (1677): page 93. Archive.org link
• Royal Tombs of Medieval England M. Duffy 2003 p. 74-79

• Vincent, John A. C., editor, Lancashire Lay Subsidies, The Record Society for the Publication of Original Documents Relating to Lancashire and Cheshire (printed for The Record Society. 1893) Vol. XXVII, Page 35: explains how his birth date is known.

• John Burke and John Bernard Burke, The Royal Families of England, Scotland and Wales, with their descendants, sovereigns and subjects (London: E. Churton, 1848-1851); Pedigree CXCI

See also:

• www.royal.gov
• Wikipedia: Henry III of England
• Wikidata: Item Q160311
• WikiTree: Simon de Montfort
• Wikipedia: Battle of Lewes
• Wikipedia: Battle of Evesham
• Time Team, Series 17 Episode 1 "Corridors of Power" (Westminster Abbey, London)